两种杜鹃花属植物对长期遮阴后全光照环境的生理响应及其光保护机制

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1093-1100.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106

两种杜鹃花属植物对长期遮阴后全光照环境的生理响应及其光保护机制

胡文海^1,^2,,A;^*, 张斯斯², 肖宜安^1,², 闫小红^1,²

¹井冈山大学生命科学学院, 江西吉安 343009
²江西省生物多样性与生态工程重点实验室, 江西吉安 343009

收稿日期:2015-04-15 接受日期:2015-09-30 出版日期:2015-11-01 发布日期:2015-12-02
通讯作者: 胡文海
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
基金项目江西省教育厅科技计划项目(GJJ12724)和江西省高校科技落地计划项目(KJLD13067)

Physiological responses and photo-protective mechanisms of two Rhododendron plants to natural sunlight after long term shading

HU Wen-Hai^1,^2,^*, ZHANG Si-Si², XIAO Yi-An^1,², YAN Xiao-Hong^1,²

¹School of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009, China
²Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Jiangxi Province, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009, China

Received:2015-04-15 Accepted:2015-09-30 Online:2015-11-01 Published:2015-12-02
Contact: Wen-Hai HU
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物通过提高光能利用能力和光保护途径以响应环境光强的增加, 但不同植物对环境光强增加的生理响应存在差异, 从而导致植物对光环境的适应性不一致。为探讨植物对光环境变化的生理响应及其适应机制, 该文以遮阴条件下培养1年的2种杜鹃属(Rhododendron)植物比利时杜鹃(R. hybrida)和杜鹃(R. simsii)为材料, 对其由遮阴后转入全光照下培养5天时的叶片叶绿素荧光参数及其快速光曲线变化进行了比较研究, 以期从叶片吸收光能分配和光保护机制的角度探讨这2种植物对光环境变化的适应机制。结果表明: 全光照降低了喜阴植物比利时杜鹃叶片的光化学反应和热耗散能力, 且其吸收光能分配于光化学反应和调节性能量耗散部分的比例减少, 导致光系统II反应中心过量激发能积累, 造成了叶片光抑制甚至光破坏。杜鹃作为耐阴喜光植物对光环境变化具有较强的适应性, 具有较高的光化学反应、热耗散和环式电子传递能力等内在生理特性; 在遮阴和全光照两种光环境下均能维持较高的吸收光能在光化学反应和调节性能量耗散部分的分配比例, 从而保护了光合机构的正常运行, 是其全光照强光未造成叶片光抑制的原因。

关键词: 杜鹃花属, 全光照, 光抑制, 光保护, 遮阴

Abstract:

AimsResponses of plants to increased irradiance are governed by two strategies: an increase in the utilization of absorbed light and photo-protective mechanisms. Varied physiological responses to increased irradiance were observed in plant species with differing adaptabilities to light regimes. This research aims to explore the physiological responses and photo-protective mechanisms of two Rhododendron plants to changes in light regimes. MethodsChlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curves were measured for leaves of R. hybrida (a shade-tolerant species) and R. simsii (a light-loving and shade-tolerant species) following exposure to sunlight for five days after growing in the shade for one year.Important findings Natural sunlight decreased the efficiency of photochemical reaction by reducing the fraction of incident light in photochemical energy utilization and decreased thermal dissipation through regulating energy dissipation in photosystem II (PSII) in the leaves of R. hybrida. As a result, natural sunlight induced the accumulation of excess excitation energy in PSII, and caused photo-inhibition and even photodamage in the leaves of R. hybrida, which was suddenly transferred from long-term shading to sun exposures. The acclimation capacity to changes of growth light regimes was stronger in R. simsii than in R. hybrida, due to a higher capability for photochemical reaction, thermal dissipation and cyclic electron flows around photosystem I in the leaves of R. simsii. Rhododendron simsii could utilize a high fraction of incident light in photochemistry and regulate energy dissipation in PSII to protect the photosynthetic apparatus under both shading and natural sunlight condition. Therefore, high light intensity under natural sunlight did not cause photo-inhibition in R. simsii.

Key words: Rhododendron, natural sunlight, photoinhibition, photoprotection, shading

胡文海, 张斯斯, 肖宜安, 闫小红. 两种杜鹃花属植物对长期遮阴后全光照环境的生理响应及其光保护机制. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(11): 1093-1100. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106

HU Wen-Hai,ZHANG Si-Si,XIAO Yi-An,YAN Xiao-Hong. Physiological responses and photo-protective mechanisms of two Rhododendron plants to natural sunlight after long term shading. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(11): 1093-1100. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I11/1093

图/表 4

表1 长期遮阴后全光照5天对比利时杜鹃和杜鹃叶片PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、初始斜率(α)、最大光合电子传递速率(Jmax)和饱和光强(PARsat)的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)

Table 1 Effects of natural sunlight exposure after long-term shading on the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), initial slope (α), maximum photosynthetic electron flow (Jmax) and maximum irradiance (PARsat) in Rhododendron hybrida and R. simsii leaves (mean ± SE, n = 5)

参数 Parameter	比利时杜鹃 R. hybrida		杜鹃 R. simsii
参数 Parameter	遮阴 Shade	全光照 Sun	遮阴 Shade	全光照 Sun
F_v/F_m	0.793 ± 0.004^a	0.494 ± 0.029^b	0.817 ± 0.002^a	0.780 ± 0.002^b
α	0.392 ± 0.013^a	0.238 ± 0.018^b	0.333 ± 0.003^a	0.327 ± 0.007^a
J_max (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	64.9 ± 6.8^a	37.8 ± 5.3^b	63.1 ± 8.3^a	74.9 ± 4.4^a
PAR_sat (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	808.8 ± 37.0^a	818.4 ± 21.2^a	849.4 ± 24.3^b	943.2 ± 17.2^a

图1 长期遮阴后全光照5天比利时杜鹃和杜鹃叶片ETR (II)快速光曲线和ETR (I)/ETR (II) (平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。ETR (I)、ETR (II), 光系统I、光系统II电子传递速率; PAR, 光合有效辐射。

Fig. 1 Rapid light curves of ETR(II) and ETR(I)/ETR(II) in Rhododendron hybrida and R. simsii leaves during transition from long-term shading to 5 days of sun exposures (mean ± SE, n = 5). ETR(I), ETR(II), apparent electron transport rate at PSI and PSII; PAR, photosynthetic active radiation.

图2 长期遮阴后全光照5天比利时杜鹃和杜鹃叶片光化学猝灭(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)的快速光曲线(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。PAR, 光合有效辐射。

Fig. 2 Rapid light curves of photochemical quenching (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in Rhododendron hybrida and R. simsii leaves during transition from long-term shading to 5 days of sunlight exposures (mean ± SE, n = 5). PAR, photosynthetic active radiation.

图3 长期遮阴后全光照5天比利时杜鹃和杜鹃叶片PSII光化学反应所利用的能量(Y(II))、PSII调节性能量耗散(Y(NPQ))和PSII非调节性能量耗散(Y(NO))的快速光曲线(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。PAR, 光合有效辐射。

Fig. 3 Rapid light curves of effective PSII quantum (Y(II)), quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)) and quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) in Rhododendron hybrida and R. simsii leaves during transition from long-term shading to 5 days of sunlight exposures (mean ± SE, n = 5). PAR, photosynthetic active radiation.

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两种杜鹃花属植物对长期遮阴后全光照环境的生理响应及其光保护机制

Physiological responses and photo-protective mechanisms of two Rhododendron plants to natural sunlight after long term shading

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