Relationships of radial growth with climate change in larch plantations of different stand ages and species

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0155

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims This study examined how climatic conditions, tree species and stand factors (i.e. stand age, stem density, and wood volume, etc.) affected the tree growth-climate relationships in larch plantations.
Methods The dendroecological method was used to determine the relative effects of climatic condition, tree species, site quality and stand factors on tree growth in larch plantations in response to climate change in Caohekou and Wandianzi of Liaoning Province, China.
Important findings The effects of potential evapotranspiration (PET) were strongest among all the variables in explaining the tree growth-climate relationships. Stand age, tree density and wood volume were also important factors influencing growth-climate relationships. Climate warming had differential effects on radial growth in plantations of different stand ages: while the growth of mid-age stands were positively correlated with temperature, the growth of mature stands had a negative response to warming, possibly due to increased susceptibility to warming-induced water stress with stand age. Tree species and site quality were weak modulators of growth- climate relationships in this study. Our finding of the negative impact of climate warming on mature larch plantations highlights the need to explore management methods in larch plantations for better adaptation to future climate change.

Key words: Larix olgensis, Larix kaempferi, plantations, climate change, growth-climate relationship, stand factors

WEN Xiao-Shi, CHEN Bin-Hang, ZHANG Shu-Bin, XU Kai, YE Xin-Yu, NI Wei-Jie, WANG Xiang-Ping. Relationships of radial growth with climate change in larch plantations of different stand ages and species[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(1): 27-36.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2019/V43/I1/27

Figures/Tables 9

References 35

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样地编号 Plot ID	年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃)	年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm)	树种 Tree species	林龄 Stand age	立地条件 Site quality	林分密度 Stem density (tree·hm^-2)	蓄积量 Wood volume (m3·hm^-2)	平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm)
CHK01	5.71	874.84	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	77	好 Well	570	294.56	22.72
CHK02	5.57	880.13	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	78	差 Poor	990	324.91	19.72
CHK03	5.90	867.84	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	24	中 Good	680	105.02	15.56
CHK04	5.97	865.17	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	25	差 Poor	880	122.57	15.23
CHK05	5.78	869.58	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	69	中 Good	540	442.54	26.93
CHK06	5.82	868.24	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	71	中 Good	300	373.81	33.89
CHK07	6.15	858.84	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	21	好 Well	580	108.62	17.14
CHK08	6.08	861.56	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	24	好 Well	520	107.55	18.05
CHK09	5.89	868.66	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	21	好 Well	620	157.50	18.95
CHK10	5.86	869.79	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	21	好 Well	620	111.31	17.36
WDZ01	4.19	832.08	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	49	中 Good	520	353.52	25.97
WDZ02	3.97	839.94	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	50	差 Poor	540	322.13	26.26
WDZ03	3.74	848.05	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	73	好 Well	1490	761.10	23.66
WDZ04	3.73	848.42	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	72	中 Good	1090	608.39	24.09
WDZ05	3.74	844.35	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	23	好 Well	1030	272.70	17.58
WDZ06	3.52	852.33	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	23	好 Well	960	263.49	18.67
WDZ07	3.91	838.52	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	20	差 Poor	1290	169.18	15.04

样地编号 Plot ID	年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃)	年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm)	树种 Tree species	林龄 Stand age	立地条件 Site quality	林分密度 Stem density (tree·hm^-2)	蓄积量 Wood volume (m3·hm^-2)	平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm)
CHK01	5.71	874.84	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	77	好 Well	570	294.56	22.72
CHK02	5.57	880.13	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	78	差 Poor	990	324.91	19.72
CHK03	5.90	867.84	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	24	中 Good	680	105.02	15.56
CHK04	5.97	865.17	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	25	差 Poor	880	122.57	15.23
CHK05	5.78	869.58	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	69	中 Good	540	442.54	26.93
CHK06	5.82	868.24	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	71	中 Good	300	373.81	33.89
CHK07	6.15	858.84	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	21	好 Well	580	108.62	17.14
CHK08	6.08	861.56	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	24	好 Well	520	107.55	18.05
CHK09	5.89	868.66	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	21	好 Well	620	157.50	18.95
CHK10	5.86	869.79	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	21	好 Well	620	111.31	17.36
WDZ01	4.19	832.08	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	49	中 Good	520	353.52	25.97
WDZ02	3.97	839.94	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	50	差 Poor	540	322.13	26.26
WDZ03	3.74	848.05	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	73	好 Well	1490	761.10	23.66
WDZ04	3.73	848.42	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	72	中 Good	1090	608.39	24.09
WDZ05	3.74	844.35	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	23	好 Well	1030	272.70	17.58
WDZ06	3.52	852.33	日本落叶松 L. kaempferi	23	好 Well	960	263.49	18.67
WDZ07	3.91	838.52	黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	20	差 Poor	1290	169.18	15.04

样地 Plot	树芯/株数 Number of cores/trees	样芯长度 Length of series (a)	用于气候分析的年表长度 Chronology length for climate analysis (a)	平均敏感度 Mean sensitivity	标准偏差 Standard deviation	R1样本间平均相关系数 Mean correlations among all radii	一阶自相关系数 Autocorrelation order 1	信噪比 Signal-to- noise ratio	样本总体代表性 Express population signal	第一主成分所占方差量 PCA1 (%)
CHK01	39/23	1950-2016	1986-2016	0.170	0.217	0.340	0.610	18.064	0.948	0.411
CHK02	63/34	1950-2016	1986-2016	0.199	0.250	0.431	0.586	38.694	0.975	0.463
CHK03	43/23	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.160	0.142	0.324	-0.054	14.382	0.935	0.396
CHK04	46/23	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.165	0.151	0.395	0.244	20.857	0.954	0.432
CHK05	38/20	1956-2016	1986-2016	0.147	0.212	0.307	0.680	13.743	0.932	0.368
CHK06	49/27	1956-2016	1986-2016	0.154	0.167	0.242	0.449	13.431	0.931	0.283
CHK07	39/20	2002-2016	2002-2016	0.213	0.217	0.475	0.409	33.504	0.971	0.524
CHK08	38/20	2000-2016	2000-2016	0.151	0.145	0.285	0.142	15.149	0.938	0.354
CHK09	46/26	1989-2016	1989-2016	0.161	0.186	0.493	0.392	36.937	0.974	0.535
CHK10	40/22	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.181	0.239	0.603	0.491	51.739	0.981	0.639
WDZ01	40/22	1968-2016	1986-2016	0.200	0.199	0.414	0.267	24.718	0.961	0.464
WDZ02	41/21	1967-2016	1986-2016	0.225	0.220	0.501	0.246	36.094	0.973	0.533
WDZ03	62/36	1944-2016	1986-2016	0.204	0.211	0.313	0.349	26.460	0.964	0.347
WDZ04	44/24	1945-2016	1986-2016	0.166	0.178	0.284	0.247	11.489	0.920	0.329
WDZ05	64/34	1994-2016	1994-2016	0.143	0.150	0.278	0.273	20.824	0.954	0.332
WDZ06	42/28	1994-2016	1994-2016	0.154	0.155	0.430	0.100	26.446	0.964	0.470
WDZ07	81/43	1971-2016	1986-2016	0.253	0.278	0.247	0.448	20.714	0.954	0.308

样地 Plot	树芯/株数 Number of cores/trees	样芯长度 Length of series (a)	用于气候分析的年表长度 Chronology length for climate analysis (a)	平均敏感度 Mean sensitivity	标准偏差 Standard deviation	R1样本间平均相关系数 Mean correlations among all radii	一阶自相关系数 Autocorrelation order 1	信噪比 Signal-to- noise ratio	样本总体代表性 Express population signal	第一主成分所占方差量 PCA1 (%)
CHK01	39/23	1950-2016	1986-2016	0.170	0.217	0.340	0.610	18.064	0.948	0.411
CHK02	63/34	1950-2016	1986-2016	0.199	0.250	0.431	0.586	38.694	0.975	0.463
CHK03	43/23	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.160	0.142	0.324	-0.054	14.382	0.935	0.396
CHK04	46/23	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.165	0.151	0.395	0.244	20.857	0.954	0.432
CHK05	38/20	1956-2016	1986-2016	0.147	0.212	0.307	0.680	13.743	0.932	0.368
CHK06	49/27	1956-2016	1986-2016	0.154	0.167	0.242	0.449	13.431	0.931	0.283
CHK07	39/20	2002-2016	2002-2016	0.213	0.217	0.475	0.409	33.504	0.971	0.524
CHK08	38/20	2000-2016	2000-2016	0.151	0.145	0.285	0.142	15.149	0.938	0.354
CHK09	46/26	1989-2016	1989-2016	0.161	0.186	0.493	0.392	36.937	0.974	0.535
CHK10	40/22	1996-2016	1996-2016	0.181	0.239	0.603	0.491	51.739	0.981	0.639
WDZ01	40/22	1968-2016	1986-2016	0.200	0.199	0.414	0.267	24.718	0.961	0.464
WDZ02	41/21	1967-2016	1986-2016	0.225	0.220	0.501	0.246	36.094	0.973	0.533
WDZ03	62/36	1944-2016	1986-2016	0.204	0.211	0.313	0.349	26.460	0.964	0.347
WDZ04	44/24	1945-2016	1986-2016	0.166	0.178	0.284	0.247	11.489	0.920	0.329
WDZ05	64/34	1994-2016	1994-2016	0.143	0.150	0.278	0.273	20.824	0.954	0.332
WDZ06	42/28	1994-2016	1994-2016	0.154	0.155	0.430	0.100	26.446	0.964	0.470
WDZ07	81/43	1971-2016	1986-2016	0.253	0.278	0.247	0.448	20.714	0.954	0.308

变量 Variable	Comp. 1	Comp. 2	Comp. 3	Comp. 4
P_Sum_T	-0.253	0.361	-0.318	0.233
P_Aut_T	-0.115	0.507	-0.048	0.084
P_Win_T	-0.330	-0.035	0.426	0.005
C_Spr_T	-0.310	0.134	-0.427	0.167
C_Sum_T	-0.171	0.381	0.440	-0.555
C_Aut _T	0.146	0.427	-0.353	-0.445
P_Sum_PDSI	0.219	0.405	0.212	0.475
P_Aut_PDSI	0.291	0.261	0.363	0.356
P_Win_PDSI	0.365	0.105	-0.053	-0.133
C_Spr_PDSI	0.359	0.102	0.002	-0.183
C_Sum_PDSI	0.374	-0.066	-0.052	-0.022
C_Aut_PDSI	0.364	-0.092	-0.178	0.019