Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 843-852.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0127
• Research Articles • Next Articles
Received:
2019-05-28
Accepted:
2019-10-06
Online:
2019-10-20
Published:
2020-02-24
Contact:
MAN Xiu-Ling
Supported by:
WEI Hong, MAN Xiu-Ling. Carbon storage and its allocation in Betula platyphylla forests of different ages in cold temperate zone of China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(10): 843-852.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2019.0127
林龄 Stand age (a) | 坡度 Slope (°) | 密度 Stand density (No.·hm-2) | 郁闭度 Canopy density | 平均树高 Mean tree height (m) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 林下主要植物 Main understory plants |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 ± 6 | 3 ± 1 | 1 825 ± 225 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 8.6 ± 1.6 | 7.1 ± 1.8 | 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 |
40 ± 4 | 2 ± 1 | 2 075 ± 300 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 11.1 ± 3.0 | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 |
61 ± 7 | 6 ± 2 | 1 820 ± 250 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 15.2 ± 3.5 | 12.4 ± 2.2 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 |
Table 1 General information of the studied Betula platyphylla forests in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China (mean ± SD)
林龄 Stand age (a) | 坡度 Slope (°) | 密度 Stand density (No.·hm-2) | 郁闭度 Canopy density | 平均树高 Mean tree height (m) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 林下主要植物 Main understory plants |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 ± 6 | 3 ± 1 | 1 825 ± 225 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 8.6 ± 1.6 | 7.1 ± 1.8 | 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 |
40 ± 4 | 2 ± 1 | 2 075 ± 300 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 11.1 ± 3.0 | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 |
61 ± 7 | 6 ± 2 | 1 820 ± 250 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 15.2 ± 3.5 | 12.4 ± 2.2 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 |
器官 Organ | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 |
---|---|---|
树干 Stem | W = 0.046D1.55H1.163 | 0.969 |
树枝 Branch | W = 5.921D1.925H-1.54 | 0.793 |
树叶 Leaf | W = 0.012D1.662H0.49 | 0.711 |
树根 Root | W = 0.016D2.171H0.281 | 0.933 |
Table 2 General regression models used to estimate biomass of different organs of the Betula platyphylla forests
器官 Organ | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 |
---|---|---|
树干 Stem | W = 0.046D1.55H1.163 | 0.969 |
树枝 Branch | W = 5.921D1.925H-1.54 | 0.793 |
树叶 Leaf | W = 0.012D1.662H0.49 | 0.711 |
树根 Root | W = 0.016D2.171H0.281 | 0.933 |
组分 Component | 25 a | 40 a | 61 a | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon Content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon Storage (t·hm-2) | 生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon storage (t·hm-2) | 生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon storage (t·hm-2) | ||
乔木层 Arbor layer | 树干 Stem | 11.7 ± 0.6Ac | 490.3 ± 8.8 Ba | 5.8 ± 0.5Ac | 24.8 ± 1.2Ab | 453.3 ± 8.7Bb | 11.2 ± 0.6Ab | 54.0 ± 2.7Aa | 440.7 ± 4.7Db | 23.8 ± 0.7Aa |
树枝 Branch | 9.4 ± 0.5Bb | 485.9 ± 8.4Ca | 4.6 ± 0.4Bb | 11.1 ± 0.5Ba | 473.7 ± 3.6Aa | 5.3 ± 0.3Ba | 11.4 ± 0.1Ba | 453.6 ± 6.8Cb | 5.2 ± 0.2Ba | |
树叶 Leaf | 0.9 ± 0.1Fc | 506.7 ± 7.3Ba | 0.5 ± 0.0Gc | 1.7 ± 0.1Db | 484.2 ± 16.0Ab | 0.8 ± 0.0Eb | 3.0 ± 0.2Da | 467.9 ± 9.7Cb | 1.4 ± 0.0Ea | |
树根 Root | 2.1 ± 0.1Cc | 505.9 ± 11.0Ba | 1.0 ± 0.1Cc | 3.9 ± 0.2Cb | 471.6 ± 12.5Ab | 1.8 ± 0.1Cb | 8.1 ± 0.5Ca | 465.6 ± 12.6Cb | 3.8 ± 0.1Ca | |
总计 Sum | 24.1 ± 1.1c | 11.9 ± 1.0c | 41.5 ± 2.0b | 19.1 ± 1.0b | 76.5 ± 3.5a | 34.2 ± 1.0a | ||||
灌木层 Shrub layer | 地上部分 Aboveground | 1.5 ± 0.1Da | 505.3 ± 1.7Bb | 0.8 ± 0.1Db | 1.0 ± 0.1Eb | 494.3 ± 14.9Ab | 0.5 ± 0.1Fc | 1.5 ± 0.1Ea | 575.3 ± 26.6Aa | 0.9 ± 0.2Fa |
地下部分 Underground | 1.2 ± 0.1Ea | 483.7 ± 1.9Cb | 0.6 ± 0.1Fb | 0.9 ± 0.0Fb | 465.7 ± 1.3Bc | 0.4 ± 0.1Gc | 1.3 ± 0.1Fa | 551.7 ± 7.5Aa | 0.7 ± 0.1Ga | |
总计 Sum | 2.8 ± 0.2a | 1.4 ± 0.2b | 1.8 ± 0.1b | 0.9 ± 0.2c | 2.8 ± 0.2a | 1.6 ± 0.3a | ||||
草本层 Herb layer | 地上部分 Aboveground | 0.2 ± 0.0Gb | 426.1 ± 2.9Db | 0.1 ± 0.0Ib | 0.7 ± 0.1Ga | 412.8 ± 2.7Cc | 0.3 ± 0.1Ja | 0.7 ± 0.0Ga | 462.4 ± 7.1ABc | 0.1 ± 0.0Ib |
地下部分 Underground | 0.1 ± 0.0Hb | 424.8 ± 1.5Db | 0.0 ± 0.0Jc | 0.5 ± 0.0Ha | 399.8 ± 9.1Cc | 0.2 ± 0.0Ja | 0.5 ± 0.0Ha | 471.5 ± 8.3Ba | 0.0 ± 0.0Jb | |
总计 Sum | 0.2 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | 1.1 ± 0.1a | 0.5 ± 0.1a | 0.2 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | ||||
凋落 物层 Litter layer | 未分解层 Undecomposed layer | 544.0 ± 63.0Aa | 0.1 ± 0.0Hc | 478.1 ± 21.8Ab | 0.3 ± 0.1Hb | 433.0 ± 17.8Dc | 0.6 ± 0.1Ha | |||
半分解层 partially- decomposed layer | 486.3 ± 11.7Ca | 0.7 ± 0.1Eb | 488.1 ± 13.3Aa | 1.5 ± 0.2Da | 419.9 ± 2.4Eb | 1.8 ± 0.2Da | ||||
总计 Sum | 515.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1c | 483.1 | 1.8 ± 0.3b | 426.4 | 2.3 ± 0.3a |
Table 3 Biomass, carbon content and carbon storage of the components (organs) of the studied Betula platyphylla forests in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China (mean ± SD)
组分 Component | 25 a | 40 a | 61 a | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon Content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon Storage (t·hm-2) | 生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon storage (t·hm-2) | 生物量 Biomass (t·hm-2) | 碳含量 Carbon content (g·kg-1) | 碳储量 Carbon storage (t·hm-2) | ||
乔木层 Arbor layer | 树干 Stem | 11.7 ± 0.6Ac | 490.3 ± 8.8 Ba | 5.8 ± 0.5Ac | 24.8 ± 1.2Ab | 453.3 ± 8.7Bb | 11.2 ± 0.6Ab | 54.0 ± 2.7Aa | 440.7 ± 4.7Db | 23.8 ± 0.7Aa |
树枝 Branch | 9.4 ± 0.5Bb | 485.9 ± 8.4Ca | 4.6 ± 0.4Bb | 11.1 ± 0.5Ba | 473.7 ± 3.6Aa | 5.3 ± 0.3Ba | 11.4 ± 0.1Ba | 453.6 ± 6.8Cb | 5.2 ± 0.2Ba | |
树叶 Leaf | 0.9 ± 0.1Fc | 506.7 ± 7.3Ba | 0.5 ± 0.0Gc | 1.7 ± 0.1Db | 484.2 ± 16.0Ab | 0.8 ± 0.0Eb | 3.0 ± 0.2Da | 467.9 ± 9.7Cb | 1.4 ± 0.0Ea | |
树根 Root | 2.1 ± 0.1Cc | 505.9 ± 11.0Ba | 1.0 ± 0.1Cc | 3.9 ± 0.2Cb | 471.6 ± 12.5Ab | 1.8 ± 0.1Cb | 8.1 ± 0.5Ca | 465.6 ± 12.6Cb | 3.8 ± 0.1Ca | |
总计 Sum | 24.1 ± 1.1c | 11.9 ± 1.0c | 41.5 ± 2.0b | 19.1 ± 1.0b | 76.5 ± 3.5a | 34.2 ± 1.0a | ||||
灌木层 Shrub layer | 地上部分 Aboveground | 1.5 ± 0.1Da | 505.3 ± 1.7Bb | 0.8 ± 0.1Db | 1.0 ± 0.1Eb | 494.3 ± 14.9Ab | 0.5 ± 0.1Fc | 1.5 ± 0.1Ea | 575.3 ± 26.6Aa | 0.9 ± 0.2Fa |
地下部分 Underground | 1.2 ± 0.1Ea | 483.7 ± 1.9Cb | 0.6 ± 0.1Fb | 0.9 ± 0.0Fb | 465.7 ± 1.3Bc | 0.4 ± 0.1Gc | 1.3 ± 0.1Fa | 551.7 ± 7.5Aa | 0.7 ± 0.1Ga | |
总计 Sum | 2.8 ± 0.2a | 1.4 ± 0.2b | 1.8 ± 0.1b | 0.9 ± 0.2c | 2.8 ± 0.2a | 1.6 ± 0.3a | ||||
草本层 Herb layer | 地上部分 Aboveground | 0.2 ± 0.0Gb | 426.1 ± 2.9Db | 0.1 ± 0.0Ib | 0.7 ± 0.1Ga | 412.8 ± 2.7Cc | 0.3 ± 0.1Ja | 0.7 ± 0.0Ga | 462.4 ± 7.1ABc | 0.1 ± 0.0Ib |
地下部分 Underground | 0.1 ± 0.0Hb | 424.8 ± 1.5Db | 0.0 ± 0.0Jc | 0.5 ± 0.0Ha | 399.8 ± 9.1Cc | 0.2 ± 0.0Ja | 0.5 ± 0.0Ha | 471.5 ± 8.3Ba | 0.0 ± 0.0Jb | |
总计 Sum | 0.2 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | 1.1 ± 0.1a | 0.5 ± 0.1a | 0.2 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | ||||
凋落 物层 Litter layer | 未分解层 Undecomposed layer | 544.0 ± 63.0Aa | 0.1 ± 0.0Hc | 478.1 ± 21.8Ab | 0.3 ± 0.1Hb | 433.0 ± 17.8Dc | 0.6 ± 0.1Ha | |||
半分解层 partially- decomposed layer | 486.3 ± 11.7Ca | 0.7 ± 0.1Eb | 488.1 ± 13.3Aa | 1.5 ± 0.2Da | 419.9 ± 2.4Eb | 1.8 ± 0.2Da | ||||
总计 Sum | 515.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1c | 483.1 | 1.8 ± 0.3b | 426.4 | 2.3 ± 0.3a |
Fig. 1 Carbon content of soil layer in the Betula platyphylla forests of different ages in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China (mean ± SD). Different capital letters indicate significant differences among different levels of the components of the forest of same age, and different lowercase letters showed significant differences among the same type of component, but different forest ages (p < 0.05).
Fig. 2 Absolute (mean ± SD)(A) and relative distribution (B) of soil carbon density by soil depth in the Betula platyphylla forests of different ages in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China.
林龄 Age (a) | 乔木层 Arbor layer | 灌木层 Shrub layer | 草本层 Herb layer | 总计 Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
树干 Trunk | 树枝 Bark | 树叶 Leaf | 树根 Root | 总计 Total | |||||
25 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | |
40 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.3 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | |
61 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 4.4 ± 0.2 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.1 |
Table 4 Net productivity and carbon storage of each component in the Betula platyphylla forests in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China (t·hm-2·a-1)(mean ± SD)
林龄 Age (a) | 乔木层 Arbor layer | 灌木层 Shrub layer | 草本层 Herb layer | 总计 Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
树干 Trunk | 树枝 Bark | 树叶 Leaf | 树根 Root | 总计 Total | |||||
25 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | |
40 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.3 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | |
61 | 年净生产力 Annual net productivity | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 4.4 ± 0.2 |
年固碳量 Annual carbon storage | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.1 |
项目 Item | 林龄 Age (a) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 | 40 | 61 | ||||
碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | 碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | 碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | |
乔木层 Arbor layer | 11.9 ± 1.0 | 15.4% ± 1.4% | 19.1 ± 1.0 | 10.5% ± 0.6% | 34.2 ± 1.0 | 12.6% ± 0.4% |
林下地被物层 Understory ground cover layer | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 3.0% ± 0.4% | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 1.8% ± 0.3% | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 1.5% ± 0.2% |
土壤层 Soil layer | 63.2 ± 4.1 | 81.6% ± 5.3% | 158.6 ± 3.0 | 87.7% ± 1.7% | 233.2 ± 7.6 | 85.9% ± 2.8% |
生态系统 Ecosystem | 77.4 ± 5.4 | 180.9 ± 4.5 | 271.4 ± 9.2 |
Table 5 Carbon storage (t·hm-2) and allocation percentage of the Betula platyphylla forests in the north section of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains, NE China (t·hm-2·a-1)(mean ± SD)
项目 Item | 林龄 Age (a) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 | 40 | 61 | ||||
碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | 碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | 碳储量 Carbon storage | 分配比例 Allocation pattern | |
乔木层 Arbor layer | 11.9 ± 1.0 | 15.4% ± 1.4% | 19.1 ± 1.0 | 10.5% ± 0.6% | 34.2 ± 1.0 | 12.6% ± 0.4% |
林下地被物层 Understory ground cover layer | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 3.0% ± 0.4% | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 1.8% ± 0.3% | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 1.5% ± 0.2% |
土壤层 Soil layer | 63.2 ± 4.1 | 81.6% ± 5.3% | 158.6 ± 3.0 | 87.7% ± 1.7% | 233.2 ± 7.6 | 85.9% ± 2.8% |
生态系统 Ecosystem | 77.4 ± 5.4 | 180.9 ± 4.5 | 271.4 ± 9.2 |
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