Radial distribution differences of non-structural carbohydrates in stems of tree species of different wood in a temperate forest

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Temperate forest tree species adopt different strategies in storing and utilizing non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). Trunk is the main storage pool of NSC. However, the radial variation and interspecific difference of trunk NSC are still unclear, and how wood porous group—non-porous wood (gymnosperms), diffuse-porous wood and ring-porous wood (both are angiosperms)—influences NSC concentrations of trunks is still uncertain. The objective of this study was to explore the variation of trunk NSC concentrations of major tree species in temperate forests with wood porosity and trunk tissues.

Methods We selected 32 tree species in a broadleaved and Pinus koraiensis mixed forest in Muling City, Heilongjiang Province. Bark, sapwood, and heartwood of stem at the breast height were collected to analyze the variation of NSC concentrations with wood porosity and tissue.

Important findings (1) Tree species, tissue and wood porosity significantly affected the NSC concentration of trunk. The interspecific variation of concentrations of soluble sugars, starch, total NSC and sugar/starch in the three tissues was large, with the lowest coefficient of variation of 37% (total NSC concentration in bark) and the highest of 101% (starch concentration in heartwood). Tissue, species and their interactions significantly affected trunk NSC concentration. (2) The concentrations of soluble sugar, starch and total NSC decreased with the increasing radial depth. The concentration of soluble sugars and sugar/starch in bark of non-porous species was significantly higher than those of diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. The concentration of starch and total NSC in sapwood was in the order of ring-porous > diffuse-porous > non diffuse-porous wood species. (3) The ratio of soluble sugars, starch and total NSC concentrations in sapwood to in heartwood was about 1 for non-porous wood species, which was significantly lower than those for diffuse-porous and ring-porous wood species, and the correlation of the starch concentration between sapwood and heartwood of non-porous wood was more significant than that of the other two wood-porous types, indicating that the functional differentiation between sapwood and heartwood was clearer for angiosperms than for gymnosperms. These results revealed that wood porosity influenced storage strategy of NSC in trunks of temperate tree species, and it was necessary to distinguish trunk tissues in the study of the whole-tree NSC storage and the ecophysiological function of trees.

Key words: non-structural carbohydrate, temperate forest, trunk, soluble sugar, starch

DONG Han-Jun, WANG Xing-Chang, YUAN Dan-Yang, LIU Di, LIU Yu-Long, SANG Ying, WANG Xiao-Chun. Radial distribution differences of non-structural carbohydrates in stems of tree species of different wood in a temperate forest[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(6): 722-734.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

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Figures/Tables 10

References 38

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序号 Code	树种 Tree species	木材孔性 Wood porosity	胸径 DBH (cm)	树皮厚度 Bark width (cm)	边材宽度 Sapwood width (cm)
1	鱼鳞云杉 Picea jezoensis var. microsperma	N	44.40 ± 5.95	>1.20 ± 0.33	>11.15 ± 1.45
2	东北红豆杉 Taxus cuspidata	N	53.70 ± 10.12	>0.43 ± 0.23	>2.27 ± 1.34
3	杜松 Juniperus rigida	N	13.14 ± 2.45	>0.50 ± 0.15	>3.62 ± 0.73
4	赤松 Pinus densiflora	N	43.23 ± 7.15	>1.98 ± 0.91	>11.25 ± 5.38
5	杉松 Abies holophylla	N	43.87 ± 12.16	>1.30 ± 0.63	>7.04 ± 2.16
6	红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	N	50.42 ± 5.44	>1.20 ± 0.21	>22.38 ± 4.47
7	臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis	N	38.40 ± 4.59	>0.92 ± 0.13	>22.03 ± 3.37
8	红松 Pinus koraiensis	N	41.88 ± 3.25	>1.03 ± 0.18	>11.81 ± 3.00
9	黄花落叶松 Larix olgensis	N	42.57 ± 2.01	>1.73 ± 0.23	>7.12 ± 1.34
10	白桦 Betula platyphylla	D	39.35 ± 5.93	>1.22 ± 0.37	>22.24 ± 3.65
11	山杨 Populus davidiana	D	54.60 ± 7.71	>2.58 ± 0.55	>23.66 ± 5.40
12	紫椴 Tilia amurensis	D	51.93 ± 9.87	>2.06 ± 0.39	>24.11 ± 3.13
13	青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	D	23.58 ± 2.26	>0.68 ± 0.10	>9.36 ± 3.16
14	硕桦 Betula costata	D	47.83 ± 6.44	>1.05 ± 0.48	>17.71 ± 2.49
15	黑桦 Betula dahurica	D	51.10 ± 8.50	>3.02 ± 1.01	>24.64 ± 3.27
16	五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	D	41.60 ± 8.81	>1.43 ± 0.31	>19.78 ± 4.39
17	大青杨 Populus ussuriensis	D	52.62 ± 4.42	>1.60 ± 0.45	>15.11 ± 3.67
18	白皮柳 Salix pierotii	D	40.93 ± 7.57	>1.58 ± 0.43	>9.52 ± 1.47
19	辽东桤木 Alnus hirsuta	D	31.31 ± 5.19	>0.67 ± 0.18	>21.82 ± 1.66
20	黑樱桃 Prunus maximowiczii	D	24.05 ± 2.60	>0.60 ± 0.09	>3.41 ± 0.54
21	斑叶稠李 Padus maackii	D	32.45 ± 1.51	>0.62 ± 0.12	>4.08 ± 0.74
22	东北槭 Acer mandshuricum	D	36.17 ± 2.28	>0.90 ± 0.06	>25.32 ± 3.62
23	裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata	R	42.50 ± 7.34	>1.27 ± 0.31	>8.10 ± 1.62
24	大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa	R	26.30 ± 3.11	>1.30 ± 0.30	>3.82 ± 1.29
25	春榆 Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	R	38.76 ± 7.03	>1.20 ± 0.37	>4.02 ± 1.73
26	黄檗 Phellodendron amurense	R	36.28 ± 8.99	>2.60 ± 0.97	>1.66 ± 0.70
27	朝鲜槐 Maackia amurensis	R	21.23 ± 1.92	>0.75 ± 0.08	>0.88 ± 0.09
28	胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	S	38.53 ± 8.04	>1.85 ± 0.88	>7.00 ± 1.41
29	软枣猕猴桃 Actinidia arguta	R	8.47 ± 0.81	>0.75 ± 0.42	>2.27 ± 0.88
30	楤木 Aralia elata	R	12.69 ± 6.63	>0.99 ± 0.33	>0.44 ± 0.16
31	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	R	46.81 ± 3.64	>2.04 ± 0.39	>6.20 ± 1.80
32	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	R	49.02 ± 9.15	>2.23 ± 0.45	>7.95 ± 1.62

序号 Code	树种 Tree species	木材孔性 Wood porosity	胸径 DBH (cm)	树皮厚度 Bark width (cm)	边材宽度 Sapwood width (cm)
1	鱼鳞云杉 Picea jezoensis var. microsperma	N	44.40 ± 5.95	>1.20 ± 0.33	>11.15 ± 1.45
2	东北红豆杉 Taxus cuspidata	N	53.70 ± 10.12	>0.43 ± 0.23	>2.27 ± 1.34
3	杜松 Juniperus rigida	N	13.14 ± 2.45	>0.50 ± 0.15	>3.62 ± 0.73
4	赤松 Pinus densiflora	N	43.23 ± 7.15	>1.98 ± 0.91	>11.25 ± 5.38
5	杉松 Abies holophylla	N	43.87 ± 12.16	>1.30 ± 0.63	>7.04 ± 2.16
6	红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	N	50.42 ± 5.44	>1.20 ± 0.21	>22.38 ± 4.47
7	臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis	N	38.40 ± 4.59	>0.92 ± 0.13	>22.03 ± 3.37
8	红松 Pinus koraiensis	N	41.88 ± 3.25	>1.03 ± 0.18	>11.81 ± 3.00
9	黄花落叶松 Larix olgensis	N	42.57 ± 2.01	>1.73 ± 0.23	>7.12 ± 1.34
10	白桦 Betula platyphylla	D	39.35 ± 5.93	>1.22 ± 0.37	>22.24 ± 3.65
11	山杨 Populus davidiana	D	54.60 ± 7.71	>2.58 ± 0.55	>23.66 ± 5.40
12	紫椴 Tilia amurensis	D	51.93 ± 9.87	>2.06 ± 0.39	>24.11 ± 3.13
13	青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	D	23.58 ± 2.26	>0.68 ± 0.10	>9.36 ± 3.16
14	硕桦 Betula costata	D	47.83 ± 6.44	>1.05 ± 0.48	>17.71 ± 2.49
15	黑桦 Betula dahurica	D	51.10 ± 8.50	>3.02 ± 1.01	>24.64 ± 3.27
16	五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	D	41.60 ± 8.81	>1.43 ± 0.31	>19.78 ± 4.39
17	大青杨 Populus ussuriensis	D	52.62 ± 4.42	>1.60 ± 0.45	>15.11 ± 3.67
18	白皮柳 Salix pierotii	D	40.93 ± 7.57	>1.58 ± 0.43	>9.52 ± 1.47
19	辽东桤木 Alnus hirsuta	D	31.31 ± 5.19	>0.67 ± 0.18	>21.82 ± 1.66
20	黑樱桃 Prunus maximowiczii	D	24.05 ± 2.60	>0.60 ± 0.09	>3.41 ± 0.54
21	斑叶稠李 Padus maackii	D	32.45 ± 1.51	>0.62 ± 0.12	>4.08 ± 0.74
22	东北槭 Acer mandshuricum	D	36.17 ± 2.28	>0.90 ± 0.06	>25.32 ± 3.62
23	裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata	R	42.50 ± 7.34	>1.27 ± 0.31	>8.10 ± 1.62
24	大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa	R	26.30 ± 3.11	>1.30 ± 0.30	>3.82 ± 1.29
25	春榆 Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	R	38.76 ± 7.03	>1.20 ± 0.37	>4.02 ± 1.73
26	黄檗 Phellodendron amurense	R	36.28 ± 8.99	>2.60 ± 0.97	>1.66 ± 0.70
27	朝鲜槐 Maackia amurensis	R	21.23 ± 1.92	>0.75 ± 0.08	>0.88 ± 0.09
28	胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	S	38.53 ± 8.04	>1.85 ± 0.88	>7.00 ± 1.41
29	软枣猕猴桃 Actinidia arguta	R	8.47 ± 0.81	>0.75 ± 0.42	>2.27 ± 0.88
30	楤木 Aralia elata	R	12.69 ± 6.63	>0.99 ± 0.33	>0.44 ± 0.16
31	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	R	46.81 ± 3.64	>2.04 ± 0.39	>6.20 ± 1.80
32	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	R	49.02 ± 9.15	>2.23 ± 0.45	>7.95 ± 1.62

非结构性碳水化合物 Non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	极差 Range
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	树皮 Bark	7.52^a	3.42	45.43	17.55
	边材 Sapwood	2.04^b	1.08	52.94	5.44
	心材 Heartwood	1.67^b	0.92	55.09	5.47
淀粉 Starch	树皮 Bark	4.78^a	2.98	62.40	18.56
	边材 Sapwood	2.54^b	1.30	51.18	7.71
	心材 Heartwood	1.85^b	1.86	100.54	14.94
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	树皮 Bark	12.33^a	4.52	36.66	25.77
	边材 Sapwood	4.58^b	1.90	41.48	9.95
	心材 Heartwood	3.52^b	2.22	63.07	16.44
可溶性糖与淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar and starch	树皮 Bark	2.13^a	1.65	77.46	9.05
	边材 Sapwood	0.91^b	0.59	64.84	3.31
	心材 Heartwood	1.11^b	0.71	63.96	4.00

非结构性碳水化合物 Non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	极差 Range
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	树皮 Bark	7.52^a	3.42	45.43	17.55
	边材 Sapwood	2.04^b	1.08	52.94	5.44
	心材 Heartwood	1.67^b	0.92	55.09	5.47
淀粉 Starch	树皮 Bark	4.78^a	2.98	62.40	18.56
	边材 Sapwood	2.54^b	1.30	51.18	7.71
	心材 Heartwood	1.85^b	1.86	100.54	14.94
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	树皮 Bark	12.33^a	4.52	36.66	25.77
	边材 Sapwood	4.58^b	1.90	41.48	9.95
	心材 Heartwood	3.52^b	2.22	63.07	16.44
可溶性糖与淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar and starch	树皮 Bark	2.13^a	1.65	77.46	9.05
	边材 Sapwood	0.91^b	0.59	64.84	3.31
	心材 Heartwood	1.11^b	0.71	63.96	4.00

参数 Parameter	变异来源 Source of variation	df	F	p
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	组织 Tissue	2	550.93	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	7.98	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	21.13	<0.01
淀粉 Starch	组织 Tissue	2	112.96	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	16.84	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	12.02	<0.01
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	2	513.81	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	3.41	0.034
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	11.00	<0.01
可溶性糖/淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar to starch	组织 Tissue	2	98.04	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	23.61	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	23.38	<0.01