Variations and correlations of lamina and petiole traits of three broadleaved species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0045

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The lamina and petiole of a leaf are closely related in structure and function, of which the variation and correlation are important for understanding the strategies of biomass allocation at the leaf level.

Methods In this study, we sampled Betula platyphylla, Tilia amurensisand Acer pictum subsp. mono in a broadleaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest in Northeast China and explored effects of species, tree size and canopy position on variations in and correlations between lamina and petiole traits. For each species, we selected 10 trees for small (diameter at breast height (DBH): 1-6 cm), intermediate (DBH: 15-20 cm), and large sizes (DBH: 35-45 cm), respectively. For the large-sized trees, we took canopy position into account. We measured lamina area (LA), lamina dry mass (LDM), petiole length (PL), and petiole dry mass (PDM).

Important findings (1) The four traits significantly varied with species and tree size. PL and PDM of the small trees were significantly lower than those of large trees for the three species. LDM of the small trees was significantly less than that of the large trees for T. amurensis and A. pictum subsp. mono, while LA of the small trees was significantly greater than that of the large trees for B. platyphyllaand T. amurensis. For the large trees, the effect of canopy position on the variations in the four traits was species-depended. (2) There was a significant allometric scaling relationship between the lamina and petiole traits for all the three species. The regression slopes ranked as T. amurensis > B. platyphylla> A. pictum subsp. mono; the slopes for B. platyphyllaranked as small size > large size > intermediate size, while the slopes for the large-sized trees were the greatest among different tree sizes for T. amurensisand A. pictum subsp. mono. Canopy position had no significant effect on the regression slope for the large-sized trees. These results showed that species and tree size significantly influenced the variations in and correlations between the lamina and petiole traits for the three temperate tree species, while canopy position had little effect for the large-sized trees.

Key words: lamina trait, petiole trait, tree size, canopy position, allometric scaling

LI Lu, JIN Guang-Ze, LIU Zhi-Li. Variations and correlations of lamina and petiole traits of three broadleaved species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(6): 687-699.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0045

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2022/V46/I6/687

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1 Information on sample trees and soil factors for the three species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest (mean ± SE)

树种 Species	植株大小 Tree size	胸径 DBH (cm)	树高 Tree height (m)	第一活枝高 FLBH (m)	土壤氮含量 Soil N content (mg·g^-1)	土壤磷含量 Soil P content (mg·g^-1)	土壤pH Soil pH	土壤含水量 Soil water content (g·g^-1)
>白桦 Betula platyphylla	小树 Small tree	5.13 ± 0.08^c	6.30 ± 0.25^c	-	5.47 ± 0.44^b	1.06 ± 0.07^a	4.31 ± 0.04^a	0.91 ± 0.14^a
>白桦 Betula platyphylla	中等树 Middle tree	18.83 ± 0.43^b	14.42 ± 0.34^b	-	9.28 ± 0.67^a	1.24 ± 0.08^a	4.33 ± 0.10^a	1.23 ± 0.14^a
	大树 Large tree	41.00 ± 0.69^a	18.89 ± 0.44^a	6.44 ± 0.45	9.49 ± 1.16^a	1.15 ± 0.07^a	4.29 ± 0.12^a	1.32 ±0.22^a
紫椴 Tilia amurensis	小树 Small tree	4.35 ± 0.23^c	4.40 ± 0.29^c	-	7.12 ± 0.62^b	1.34 ± 0.09^a	4.49 ± 0.16^a	1.10 ± 0.18^a
紫椴 Tilia amurensis	中等树 Middle tree	17.70 ± 0.47^b	12.60 ± 0.76^b	-	6.88 ± 0.45^b	1.25 ± 0.07^a	4.34 ± 0.16^a	0.83 ± 0.05^a
	大树 Large tree	43.04 ± 0.88^a	18.92 ± 0.82^a	6.84 ± 0.70	9.30 ± 0.66^a	1.24 ± 0.09^a	5.56 ± 0.12^a	1.09 ± 0.08^a
五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	小树 Small tree	3.22 ± 0.18^c	4.94 ± 0.31^c	-	5.89 ± 0.37^b	1.05 ± 0.09^b	5.11 ± 0.11^b	0.62 ± 0.04^b
	中等树 Middle tree	17.19 ± 0.58^b	11.18 ± 0.38^b	-	7.14 ± 0.57^b	1.23 ± 0.08^b	4.69 ± 0.18^c	1.07 ± 0.15^a
	大树 Large tree	41.32 ± 0.70^a	14.00 ± 0.95^a	4.79 ± 0.48	10.09 ± 0.59^a	1.67 ± 0.09^a	5.74 ± 0.11^a	1.13 ± 0.06^a

Fig. 1 Variations in lamina and petiole traits among tree sizes (A-D) or canopy positions (large tree)(E-H) of the three species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest. S1, Betula platyphylla; S2, Tilia amurensis; S3, Acer pictum subsp. mono. LA, lamina area; LDM, lamina dry mass; PDM, petiole dry mass; PL, petiole length. Different uppercase letters below the boxes indicated that lamina or petiole traits significantly varied with tree species (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters above the boxes indicated that lamina or petiole traits significantly varied with different tree sizes or different canopy positions (large tree) for a given species (p < 0.05).

Table 2 Coefficient of variation among tree sizes and canopy positions (large tree) of four traits in the three species of a broadleaved Korean pine forest

树种 Species	性状 Trait	植株大小 Tree size (%)	冠层位置Canopy position (%)
白桦 Betula platyphylla	叶片面积 LA (cm²)	35.36	27.40
	叶片干质量 LDM (g)	38.54	30.36
	叶柄长 PL (cm)	28.43	27.73
	叶柄干质量 PDM (g)	48.01	42.00
紫椴 Tilia amurensis	叶片面积 LA (cm²)	31.88	31.78
	叶片干质量 LDM (g)	39.19	34.43
	叶柄长 PL (cm)	18.29	14.40
	叶柄干质量 PDM (g)	40.47	35.87
五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	叶片面积 LA (cm²)	38.61	36.41
	叶片干质量 LDM (g)	44.38	42.34
	叶柄长 PL (cm)	39.40	33.06
	叶柄干质量 PDM (g)	66.36	56.17

Fig. 2 Differences in correlations between lamina-petiole traits in different tree species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest. S1, Betula platyphylla; S2, Tilia amurensis; S3, Acer pictum subsp. mono. LA, lamina area; LDM, lamina dry mass; PDM, petiole dry mass; PL, petiole length. p value represents the significance of difference in slopes; p < 0.05, the difference is significant and there is no common slope. The colored solid lines in the figure indicate that the correlations between traits were significant; ***, p < 0.001.

Fig. 3 Differences in correlations between lamina-petiole traits in different tree sizes of the three tree species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest. H1, small tree; H2, middle tree; H3, large tree. LA, lamina area; LDM, lamina dry mass; PDM, petiole dry mass; PL, petiole length. p value represents the significance of difference in slopes; p < 0.05, the difference is significant and there is no common slope; p > 0.05, the difference is not significant and there is a common slope. The colored solid lines in the figure indicate that the correlations between traits were significant; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

Fig. 4 Differences in correlations between lamina-petiole traits in different canopy positions of the large tree of the three species in a broadleaved Korean pine forest. LA, lamina area; LDM, lamina dry mas; PDM, petiole dry mass; PL, petiole lengths. p value represents the significance of difference in slopes; p < 0.05, the difference is significant and there is no common slope; p > 0.05, the difference is not significant and there is a common slope. The colored solid lines in the figure indicate that the correlations between traits were significant; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

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