EFFECTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION MODE AND NaCl CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE OF APPLE SEEDLINGS

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.021

Abstract

Abstract:

AimsHydraulic conductance, which is characterized by root water uptake and xylem water transport efficiency, is a physiological response of plants to different environmental factors, such as salt-stress and water deficit. However, there is little research on relationships between different drip irrigation modes and hydraulic conductance. Our objectives were to determine 1) the impact on growth and hydraulic conductance of different drip irrigation modes and salinity treatments and 2) the relationship between apple (Malus pumila) seedling growth and hydraulic conductance.
Methods The experiment used a NaCl concentration gradient of 0 (CK), 0.2% (S₁), 0.3% (S₂) and 0.4% (S₃) and three drip irrigation modes: alternate partial root zone drip irrigation (ADI, alternate watering on both sides of the root zone), fixed partial root zone drip irrigation (FDI, fixed watering on one side of the root zone) and conventional drip irrigation (CDI, simultaneous watering on both sides of the root-zone).
Important findings Drip irrigation modes and NaCl concentration significantly affect apple seedling growth and hydraulic conductance. Dry matter, leaf area, net growth and hydraulic conductance of apple seedlings were significantly inversely related to NaCl concentration under the same drip irrigation treatment. Root hydraulic conductance (K_r) was significantly linearly correlated with total root dry weight, shoot hydraulic conductance (K_sh) and shoot dry weight. Under the same NaCl concentration treatment and compared with CDI, ADI had a water savings of up to 50%, but average root dry weight, shoot dry weight, total dry weight, leaf area, plant net growth and root hydraulic conductance of ADI only decreased by 8.7%, 19.24%, 13.47%, 11.87%, 32.96% and 10.72%, respectively, showing that ADI has an obvious promoting effect on apple seedling growth and hydraulic conductance. Compared with CDI, high NaCl concentrations S₂ and S₃ led to decreases in K_l+p of ADI of 33.56% and 44.26%, respectively, while the K_r of ADI treatment increased by 1.13% and 10.91%, respectively, indicating that the root hydraulic signal transmission efficiency of ADI treated seedlings, the ability of seedlings to regulate water balance and resistance stability to salt-stress could be enhanced. The growth and hydraulic conductance of ADI were all higher than FDI. Use of ADI not only improved water-saving regulation ability, but also strengthened resistance stability to salt-stress.

Key words: drip irrigation mode, NaCl, apple seedling growth, hydraulic conductance

YANG Qi-Liang, ZHANG Fu-Cang, LIU Xiao-Gang, YANG Zhen-Yu. EFFECTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION MODE AND NaCl CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE OF APPLE SEEDLINGS[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2009, 33(4): 824-832.

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Figures/Tables 6

References 29

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滴灌方式 Dripirrigation modes	灌水情况 Irrigation details
滴灌方式 Dripirrigation modes	灌水定额 Watering levels (mL)	灌水次数 Irrigation times	灌水日期 Irrigation date (month-day)
ADI, FDI	800	10	6-14, 6-19, 6-24, 6-29, 7-04, 7-09, 7-14, 7-19, 7-24, 7-29
CDI	1 600	10	6-14, 6-19, 6-24, 6-29, 7-04, 7-09, 7-14, 7-19, 7-24, 7-29

滴灌方式 Dripirrigation modes	灌水情况 Irrigation details
滴灌方式 Dripirrigation modes	灌水定额 Watering levels (mL)	灌水次数 Irrigation times	灌水日期 Irrigation date (month-day)
ADI, FDI	800	10	6-14, 6-19, 6-24, 6-29, 7-04, 7-09, 7-14, 7-19, 7-24, 7-29
CDI	1 600	10	6-14, 6-19, 6-24, 6-29, 7-04, 7-09, 7-14, 7-19, 7-24, 7-29

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	侧根干重 Lateral root dry weight (g·plant^-1)		根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant^-1)	冠层干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant^-1)	叶干重 Leaf dry weight (g·plant^-1)	总干重 Total dry matter (g·plant^-1)
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	南侧 South	北侧 North	根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant^-1)	冠层干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant^-1)	叶干重 Leaf dry weight (g·plant^-1)	总干重 Total dry matter (g·plant^-1)
CK	ADI	2.00^b	1.86^bc	10.50^b	12.98^b	4.74^b	23.48^b
	FDI	2.65^a	1.60^c	8.07^d	9.52^de	4.1^d	17.58^d
	CDI	2.45^a	2.19^a	11.82^a	14.98^a	6.36^a	26.80^a
S₁	ADI	1.20^dc	1.14^d	9.12^c	12.48^b	3.81^e	21.60^c
	FDI	1.30^c	0.80^e	9.87^cb	11.03^c	3.33^f	20.90^c
	CDI	2.03^b	2.13^ba	10.28^b	14.57^a	4.50^c	24.85^b
S₂	ADI	0.85^de	0.86^de	6.25^ef	9.85^dc	2.64^h	16.10^d
	FDI	1.19^dc	0.70^e	5.04^gh	8.02^fg	2.94^g	13.07^e
	CDI	1.00^dce	1.13^d	7.17^ed	10.25^dc	3.20^f	17.42^d
S₃	ADI	0.80^de	0.84^de	6.21^ef	7.11^gh	2.07ⁱ	13.32^e
	FDI	0.87^dce	0.54^e	4.57^h	6.57^h	1.71^j	11.14^f
	CDI	0.72^e	0.66^e	5.87^gf	8.42^fe	1.99ⁱ	14.29^e
p值 p value
滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	A	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	B	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
交互作用 Their interaction	A×B	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	侧根干重 Lateral root dry weight (g·plant^-1)		根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant^-1)	冠层干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant^-1)	叶干重 Leaf dry weight (g·plant^-1)	总干重 Total dry matter (g·plant^-1)
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	南侧 South	北侧 North	根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant^-1)	冠层干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant^-1)	叶干重 Leaf dry weight (g·plant^-1)	总干重 Total dry matter (g·plant^-1)
CK	ADI	2.00^b	1.86^bc	10.50^b	12.98^b	4.74^b	23.48^b
	FDI	2.65^a	1.60^c	8.07^d	9.52^de	4.1^d	17.58^d
	CDI	2.45^a	2.19^a	11.82^a	14.98^a	6.36^a	26.80^a
S₁	ADI	1.20^dc	1.14^d	9.12^c	12.48^b	3.81^e	21.60^c
	FDI	1.30^c	0.80^e	9.87^cb	11.03^c	3.33^f	20.90^c
	CDI	2.03^b	2.13^ba	10.28^b	14.57^a	4.50^c	24.85^b
S₂	ADI	0.85^de	0.86^de	6.25^ef	9.85^dc	2.64^h	16.10^d
	FDI	1.19^dc	0.70^e	5.04^gh	8.02^fg	2.94^g	13.07^e
	CDI	1.00^dce	1.13^d	7.17^ed	10.25^dc	3.20^f	17.42^d
S₃	ADI	0.80^de	0.84^de	6.21^ef	7.11^gh	2.07ⁱ	13.32^e
	FDI	0.87^dce	0.54^e	4.57^h	6.57^h	1.71^j	11.14^f
	CDI	0.72^e	0.66^e	5.87^gf	8.42^fe	1.99ⁱ	14.29^e
p值 p value
滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	A	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	B	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
交互作用 Their interaction	A×B	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	各器官的水分传导 Hydraulic conductance (K) of different components (×10^-5kg·s^-1·MPa^-1)
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	滴灌方式 Drip irrigation modes	根系 Root K_r	冠层 Shoot K_sh	主干+侧枝 Master rod+lateral branch K_(mr+lb)		主干 Master rod K_mr		叶+柄 Leaf+petide K_(l+p)	侧枝Lateral branch K_lb
CK	ADI	1.03^c	0.80^c	1.39^cb		5.04^a		0.68^c	3.65^a
	FDI	0.82^e	0.68^d	1.45^cb		3.25^b		0.74^c	1.79^b
	CDI	1.26^a	1.05^a	2.30^a		5.31^a		1.35^a	3.01^a
S₁	ADI	0.95^d	0.66^d	1.22^cbd		2.60^c		0.63^c	1.38^cbd
	FDI	0.80^e	0.58^e	1.35^cb		1.99^dc		0.65^c	0.64^ed
	CDI	1.11^b	0.92^b	2.13^a		3.56^b		1.22^b	1.42^cb
S₂	ADI	0.555^f	0.52^fg	0.95^ed		1.78^de		0.45^d	0.83^ced
	FDI	0.551^f	0.49^g	1.17^cd		1.76^de		0.68^c	0.35^e
	CDI	0.548^f	0.66^d	1.52^b		2.60^c		0.68^c	1.08^cebd
S₃	ADI	0.33^g	0.38^h	0.74^e		1.54^de		0.34^d	0.80^ced
	FDI	0.29^h	0.34ⁱ	0.89^ed		1.12^e		0.43^d	0.43^e
	CDI	0.30^hg	0.54^fe	1.19^cbd		1.56^de		0.61^c	0.37^e
p值 p value
滴灌方式 Dripirrigation modes	A	﹤0.01	﹤0.01		﹤0.01		﹤0.01	﹤0.01	﹤0.01
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentrations	B	﹤0.01	﹤0.01		﹤0.01		﹤0.01	﹤0.01	﹤0.01
交互作用 Their interaction	A×B	﹤0.01	﹤0.01		0.09		﹤0.01	﹤0.01	0.04