Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 935-947.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00935 cstr: 32100.14.SP.J.1258.2012.00935
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SHENG Da-Yong1,3, ZHUANG Xue-Ying1,*(
), XU Han2, LI Yi-De2, HU Yue-Hua2, SHI Lei-Lei2, LUO Tu-Shou2, CHEN De-Xiang2, LIN Ming-Xian2
Received:2012-02-14
Accepted:2012-04-25
Online:2012-02-14
Published:2012-09-06
Contact:
ZHUANG Xue-Ying
SHENG Da-Yong, ZHUANG Xue-Ying, XU Han, LI Yi-De, HU Yue-Hua, SHI Lei-Lei, LUO Tu-Shou, CHEN De-Xiang, LIN Ming-Xian. Community structure of endemic woody plants in tropical montane rainforest of Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(9): 935-947.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00935
| 序号 No. | 科名 Family | 属数 No. of genera | 拥有特有种的属数 No. of genera with endemic species | 种数 No. of species | 特有种数 No. of endemic species | 株数 No. of individuals | 特有种株数 Individual no. of endemic species | IV | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 樟科 Lauraceae | 9 | 3 | 30 | 4 | 5 855 | 901 | 15.58 | ||
| 2 | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | 15 | 3 | 26 | 4 | 5 777 | 134 | 9.30 | ||
| 3 | 壳斗科 Fagaceae | 4 | 2 | 20 | 5 | 2 034 | 383 | 9.20 | ||
| 4 | 棕榈科 Palmae | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 590 | 0 | 5.02 | ||
| 5 | 山矾科 Symplocaceae | 1 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 074 | 26 | 4.70 | ||
| 6 | 桃金娘科 Myrtaceae | 2 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 510 | 38 | 3.98 | ||
| 7 | 野牡丹科 Melastomataceae | 4 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 827 | 0 | 3.36 | ||
| 8 | 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 6 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 1 437 | 0 | 3.23 | ||
| 9 | 山茶科 Theaceae | 7 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 1 026 | 0 | 3.18 | ||
| 10 | 金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 310 | 0 | 2.66 | ||
Table 1 Number of genera, species and individuals of the top ten families with highest importance value (IV) in the plot
| 序号 No. | 科名 Family | 属数 No. of genera | 拥有特有种的属数 No. of genera with endemic species | 种数 No. of species | 特有种数 No. of endemic species | 株数 No. of individuals | 特有种株数 Individual no. of endemic species | IV | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 樟科 Lauraceae | 9 | 3 | 30 | 4 | 5 855 | 901 | 15.58 | ||
| 2 | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | 15 | 3 | 26 | 4 | 5 777 | 134 | 9.30 | ||
| 3 | 壳斗科 Fagaceae | 4 | 2 | 20 | 5 | 2 034 | 383 | 9.20 | ||
| 4 | 棕榈科 Palmae | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 590 | 0 | 5.02 | ||
| 5 | 山矾科 Symplocaceae | 1 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 074 | 26 | 4.70 | ||
| 6 | 桃金娘科 Myrtaceae | 2 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 510 | 38 | 3.98 | ||
| 7 | 野牡丹科 Melastomataceae | 4 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 827 | 0 | 3.36 | ||
| 8 | 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 6 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 1 437 | 0 | 3.23 | ||
| 9 | 山茶科 Theaceae | 7 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 1 026 | 0 | 3.18 | ||
| 10 | 金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 310 | 0 | 2.66 | ||
| 序号 No. | 种名 Species name | 生长习性 Growth habit | 相对优势度 Relative dominance | 相对密度 Relative density | 相对频度 Relative frequency | 重要值 Importance value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 大叶蒲葵 Livistona saribus | 乔木状 Tree like | 8.67 | 0.53 | 0.91 | 3.37 |
| 2 | 三角瓣花 Prismatomeris tetrandra | 灌木 Shrub | 0.35 | 7.83 | 1.27 | 3.15 |
| 3 | 海南蕈树 Altingia obovata | 乔木 Tree | 6.23 | 0.85 | 0.91 | 2.66 |
| 4 | 柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 0.19 | 6.51 | 0.73 | 2.48 |
| 5 | 厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis | 乔木 Tree | 1.97 | 2.87 | 1.24 | 2.03 |
| 6 | 海南韶子 Nephelium topengii | 乔木 Tree | 2.30 | 2.13 | 1.23 | 1.89 |
| 7 | 油丹 Alseodaphne hainanensis | 乔木 Tree | 3.77 | 0.71 | 1.08 | 1.85 |
| 8 | 九节 Psychotria asaitica | 灌木 Shrub | 0.64 | 3.23 | 1.25 | 1.71 |
| 9 | 红鳞蒲桃 Syzygium hancei | 乔木 Tree | 1.08 | 2.82 | 1.17 | 1.69 |
| 10 | 粗毛野桐 Mallotus hookerianus | 乔木 Tree | 1.37 | 2.65 | 1.03 | 1.68 |
Table 2 Population characteristic values of the top ten dominant species in the plot
| 序号 No. | 种名 Species name | 生长习性 Growth habit | 相对优势度 Relative dominance | 相对密度 Relative density | 相对频度 Relative frequency | 重要值 Importance value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 大叶蒲葵 Livistona saribus | 乔木状 Tree like | 8.67 | 0.53 | 0.91 | 3.37 |
| 2 | 三角瓣花 Prismatomeris tetrandra | 灌木 Shrub | 0.35 | 7.83 | 1.27 | 3.15 |
| 3 | 海南蕈树 Altingia obovata | 乔木 Tree | 6.23 | 0.85 | 0.91 | 2.66 |
| 4 | 柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 0.19 | 6.51 | 0.73 | 2.48 |
| 5 | 厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis | 乔木 Tree | 1.97 | 2.87 | 1.24 | 2.03 |
| 6 | 海南韶子 Nephelium topengii | 乔木 Tree | 2.30 | 2.13 | 1.23 | 1.89 |
| 7 | 油丹 Alseodaphne hainanensis | 乔木 Tree | 3.77 | 0.71 | 1.08 | 1.85 |
| 8 | 九节 Psychotria asaitica | 灌木 Shrub | 0.64 | 3.23 | 1.25 | 1.71 |
| 9 | 红鳞蒲桃 Syzygium hancei | 乔木 Tree | 1.08 | 2.82 | 1.17 | 1.69 |
| 10 | 粗毛野桐 Mallotus hookerianus | 乔木 Tree | 1.37 | 2.65 | 1.03 | 1.68 |
Fig. 1 Distribution of importance value of endemic and non-endemic species.
Fig. 2 Abundance distribution of the endemic populations in the plot. 1, Nephelium topengii; 2, Beilschmiedia tungfangensis; 3, Platea parvifolia; 4, Lithocarpus fenzelianus; 5, Lindera robusta; 6, Machilus monticola; 7, Castanopsis ledongensis; 8, Lithocarpus handelianus; 9, Lasianthus verrucosus; 10, Hedyotis cathayana; 11, Castanopsis jianfenglingensis; 12, Heliciopsis lobata; 13, Symplocos ovatilobata; 14, Ardisia densilepidotula; 15, Syzygium jienfunicum; 16, Madhuca hainanensis; 17, Lithocarpus elmerrillii; 18, Melicope chunii; 19, Syzygium tephrodes; 20, Saprosma merrillii; 21, Ilex nuculicava; 22, Diospyros strigosa; 23, Beilschmiedia longipetiolata; 24, Lasianthus calycinus.
|
|
| 指数 Index | 保留特有种的指数值 Index values including endemic species | 剔除特有种后的指数值 Index values after excluding endemic species | 剔除特有种前后的指数差值 Difference of index values before and after excluding endemic species |
|---|---|---|---|
| Margalef index (D′) | 22.89 ± 0.57 | 20.79 ± 0.39 | 2.10 ± 0.18* |
| Shannon-Wiener index (H′) | 4.36 ± 0.01 | 4.29 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01* |
| Simpson index (S′) | 0.98 ± 0.00 | 0.97 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 |
| Pielou index (E′) | 0.83 ± 0.00 | 0.83 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
Table 4 Comparison of indices of community species richness, diversity and evenness before and after removing endemic species to Hainan Island (mean ± SD)
| 指数 Index | 保留特有种的指数值 Index values including endemic species | 剔除特有种后的指数值 Index values after excluding endemic species | 剔除特有种前后的指数差值 Difference of index values before and after excluding endemic species |
|---|---|---|---|
| Margalef index (D′) | 22.89 ± 0.57 | 20.79 ± 0.39 | 2.10 ± 0.18* |
| Shannon-Wiener index (H′) | 4.36 ± 0.01 | 4.29 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01* |
| Simpson index (S′) | 0.98 ± 0.00 | 0.97 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 |
| Pielou index (E′) | 0.83 ± 0.00 | 0.83 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| 海南特有种 Endemic species to Hainan | 多度 Abundance | 相对优势度 Relative dominance | 相对密度 Relative density | 相对频度 Relative frequency | 重要值 Importance value | 密度级 Density class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 密鳞紫金牛 Ardisia densilepidotula | 23 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.12 | D |
| 长柄琼楠 Beilschmiedia longipetiolata | 1 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | D |
| 东方琼楠 Beilschmiedia tungfangensis | 679 | 1.51 | 1.86 | 1.05 | 1.47 | A |
| 尖峰岭锥 Castanopsis jianfenglingensis | 37 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.12 | D |
| 乐东锥 Castanopsis ledongensis | 93 | 0.62 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.37 | C |
| 毛柿 Diospyros strigosa | 2 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | D |
| 中华耳草 Hedyotis cathayana | 38 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.08 | D |
| 调羹树 Heliciopsis lobata | 27 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.10 | D |
| 洼皮冬青 Ilex nuculicava | 4 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.03 | D |
| 黄果粗叶木 Lasianthus calycinus | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | D |
| 瘤果粗叶木 Lasianthus verrucosus | 84 | 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.44 | 0.23 | C |
| 海南山胡椒 Lindera robusta | 120 | 0.24 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 0.35 | C |
| 万宁柯 Lithocarpus elmerrillii | 16 | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.10 | D |
| 红柯 Lithocarpus fenzelianus | 144 | 3.31 | 0.39 | 0.65 | 1.45 | C |
| 瘤果柯 Lithocarpus handelianus | 93 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.40 | 0.26 | C |
| 尖峰润楠 Machilus monticola | 101 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.26 | C |
| 海南紫荆木 Madhuca hainanensis | 20 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.11 | D |
| 海南蜜茱萸 Melicope chunii | 18 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.08 | D |
| 海南韶子 Nephelium topengii | 777 | 2.30 | 2.13 | 1.23 | 1.89 | A |
| 东方肖榄 Platea parvifolia | 408 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.13 | 1.09 | B |
| 琼岛染木树 Saprosma merrillii | 11 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.04 | D |
| 单花山矾 Symplocos ovatilobata | 26 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.10 | D |
| 尖峰蒲桃 Syzygium jienfunicum | 22 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.10 | D |
| 方枝蒲桃 Syzygium tephrodes | 16 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.06 | D |
Table 5 Endemic species with community characteristic values and density class
| 海南特有种 Endemic species to Hainan | 多度 Abundance | 相对优势度 Relative dominance | 相对密度 Relative density | 相对频度 Relative frequency | 重要值 Importance value | 密度级 Density class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 密鳞紫金牛 Ardisia densilepidotula | 23 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.12 | D |
| 长柄琼楠 Beilschmiedia longipetiolata | 1 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | D |
| 东方琼楠 Beilschmiedia tungfangensis | 679 | 1.51 | 1.86 | 1.05 | 1.47 | A |
| 尖峰岭锥 Castanopsis jianfenglingensis | 37 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.12 | D |
| 乐东锥 Castanopsis ledongensis | 93 | 0.62 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.37 | C |
| 毛柿 Diospyros strigosa | 2 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | D |
| 中华耳草 Hedyotis cathayana | 38 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.08 | D |
| 调羹树 Heliciopsis lobata | 27 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.10 | D |
| 洼皮冬青 Ilex nuculicava | 4 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.03 | D |
| 黄果粗叶木 Lasianthus calycinus | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | D |
| 瘤果粗叶木 Lasianthus verrucosus | 84 | 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.44 | 0.23 | C |
| 海南山胡椒 Lindera robusta | 120 | 0.24 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 0.35 | C |
| 万宁柯 Lithocarpus elmerrillii | 16 | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.10 | D |
| 红柯 Lithocarpus fenzelianus | 144 | 3.31 | 0.39 | 0.65 | 1.45 | C |
| 瘤果柯 Lithocarpus handelianus | 93 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.40 | 0.26 | C |
| 尖峰润楠 Machilus monticola | 101 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.26 | C |
| 海南紫荆木 Madhuca hainanensis | 20 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.11 | D |
| 海南蜜茱萸 Melicope chunii | 18 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.08 | D |
| 海南韶子 Nephelium topengii | 777 | 2.30 | 2.13 | 1.23 | 1.89 | A |
| 东方肖榄 Platea parvifolia | 408 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.13 | 1.09 | B |
| 琼岛染木树 Saprosma merrillii | 11 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.04 | D |
| 单花山矾 Symplocos ovatilobata | 26 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.10 | D |
| 尖峰蒲桃 Syzygium jienfunicum | 22 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.10 | D |
| 方枝蒲桃 Syzygium tephrodes | 16 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.06 | D |
Fig. 3 Population structure of endemic species with density of more than 1 tree·hm-2. I, seedling 1.0 cm ≤ DBH < 2.5 cm; II, sapling 2.5 cm ≤ DBH < 7.5 cm; III, young tree 7.5 cm ≤ DBH < 15 cm; IV, middle-aged tree 15 cm≤ DBH < 30 cm; V, adult tree DBH ≥ 30 cm. DBH, diameter at breast height.
Fig. 4 Pearson’s correlation semi matrix diagram of 24 endemic species in the study site. 1, Beilschmiedia long- ipetiolata; 2, Symplocos ovatilobata; 3, Heliciopsis lobata; 4, Beilschmiedia tungfangensis; 5, Platea parvifolia; 6, Syzygium tephrodes; 7, Melicope chunii; 8, Lindera robusta; 9, Nephelium topengii; 10, Madhuca hainanensi; 11, Lithocarpus fenzelianus; 12, Lasianthus calycinus; 13, Castanopsis jianfenglingensis; 14, Syzygium jienfunicum; 15, Machilus monticola; 16, Castanopsis ledongensis; 17, Lasianthus verrucosus; 18, Lithocarpus handelianus; 19, Diospyros strigosa; 20, Ardisia densilepidotula; 21, Saprosma merrillii; 22, Ilex nuculicava; 23, Lithocarpus elmerrillii; 24, Hedyotis cathayana.
Fig. 5 Clustering dendrogram of 24 endemic species based on Pearson’s correlation. Species serial number is the same as in Fig. 4.
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