Community structure of endemic woody plants in tropical montane rainforest of Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00935

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to understand the endemic woody species and their distribution, population structure, and roles in maintaining the biodiversity of the montane rain forest of Hainan, China.
Methods We surveyed a 4.8 hm ² permanent plot in the primary montane rain forest of Jianfengling, Hainan and analyzed the species composition, importance value, abundance, and size-class distribution of the community. ANOVA was used to evaluate differences in three diversity indices before and after removing the endemic species.
Important findings A total of 36481 woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥1.0 cm were recorded. They belong to 65 families, 134 genera, and 247 species. Of these, 24 tree and shrub species are endemic to Hainan Island, comprising 9.7% of the total number of trees in the plot. Most of the endemic species have small abundance and sparse distribution, having minor status in the community composition. Most endemic species had preference to specific habitats, narrow distributions, and their seeds were dispersed mainly by animals. The Margalef and Shannon-Wiener indices declined significantly (p < 0.01) after removing the endemic species, but the Simpson and Pielou indices showed no significant differences. Despite their minor roles in the community, the endemic species are important in maintaining the floristic diversity of the tropical montane rainforest. They are of value for scientific research and conservation.

Key words: Hainan Island, population dynamics, seed plant species endemic to Hainan Island, species diversity, tropical montane rainforest

SHENG Da-Yong, ZHUANG Xue-Ying, XU Han, LI Yi-De, HU Yue-Hua, SHI Lei-Lei, LUO Tu-Shou, CHEN De-Xiang, LIN Ming-Xian. Community structure of endemic woody plants in tropical montane rainforest of Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(9): 935-947.

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序号 No.	科名 Family	属数 No. of genera	拥有特有种的属数 No. of genera with endemic species		特有种数 No. of endemic species		特有种株数 Individual no. of endemic species	IV
1	樟科 Lauraceae	9	3	30	4	5 855	901	15.58
2	茜草科 Rubiaceae	15	3	26	4	5 777	134	9.30
3	壳斗科 Fagaceae	4	2	20	5	2 034	383	9.20
4	棕榈科 Palmae	3	0	3	0	1 590	0	5.02
5	山矾科 Symplocaceae	1	1	12	1	2 074	26	4.70
6	桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	2	1	9	2	1 510	38	3.98
7	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	4	0	7	0	2 827	0	3.36
8	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	6	0	8	0	1 437	0	3.23
9	山茶科 Theaceae	7	0	9	0	1 026	0	3.18
10	金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae	1	0	1	0	310	0	2.66

序号 No.	科名 Family	属数 No. of genera	拥有特有种的属数 No. of genera with endemic species		特有种数 No. of endemic species		特有种株数 Individual no. of endemic species	IV
1	樟科 Lauraceae	9	3	30	4	5 855	901	15.58
2	茜草科 Rubiaceae	15	3	26	4	5 777	134	9.30
3	壳斗科 Fagaceae	4	2	20	5	2 034	383	9.20
4	棕榈科 Palmae	3	0	3	0	1 590	0	5.02
5	山矾科 Symplocaceae	1	1	12	1	2 074	26	4.70
6	桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	2	1	9	2	1 510	38	3.98
7	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	4	0	7	0	2 827	0	3.36
8	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	6	0	8	0	1 437	0	3.23
9	山茶科 Theaceae	7	0	9	0	1 026	0	3.18
10	金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae	1	0	1	0	310	0	2.66

序号 No.	种名 Species name	生长习性 Growth habit	相对优势度 Relative dominance	相对密度 Relative density	相对频度 Relative frequency	重要值 Importance value
1	大叶蒲葵 Livistona saribus	乔木状 Tree like	8.67	0.53	0.91	3.37
2	三角瓣花 Prismatomeris tetrandra	灌木 Shrub	0.35	7.83	1.27	3.15
3	海南蕈树 Altingia obovata	乔木 Tree	6.23	0.85	0.91	2.66
4	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	灌木 Shrub	0.19	6.51	0.73	2.48
5	厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	乔木 Tree	1.97	2.87	1.24	2.03
6	海南韶子 Nephelium topengii	乔木 Tree	2.30	2.13	1.23	1.89
7	油丹 Alseodaphne hainanensis	乔木 Tree	3.77	0.71	1.08	1.85
8	九节 Psychotria asaitica	灌木 Shrub	0.64	3.23	1.25	1.71
9	红鳞蒲桃 Syzygium hancei	乔木 Tree	1.08	2.82	1.17	1.69
10	粗毛野桐 Mallotus hookerianus	乔木 Tree	1.37	2.65	1.03	1.68

序号 No.	种名 Species name	生长习性 Growth habit	相对优势度 Relative dominance	相对密度 Relative density	相对频度 Relative frequency	重要值 Importance value
1	大叶蒲葵 Livistona saribus	乔木状 Tree like	8.67	0.53	0.91	3.37
2	三角瓣花 Prismatomeris tetrandra	灌木 Shrub	0.35	7.83	1.27	3.15
3	海南蕈树 Altingia obovata	乔木 Tree	6.23	0.85	0.91	2.66
4	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	灌木 Shrub	0.19	6.51	0.73	2.48
5	厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	乔木 Tree	1.97	2.87	1.24	2.03
6	海南韶子 Nephelium topengii	乔木 Tree	2.30	2.13	1.23	1.89
7	油丹 Alseodaphne hainanensis	乔木 Tree	3.77	0.71	1.08	1.85
8	九节 Psychotria asaitica	灌木 Shrub	0.64	3.23	1.25	1.71
9	红鳞蒲桃 Syzygium hancei	乔木 Tree	1.08	2.82	1.17	1.69
10	粗毛野桐 Mallotus hookerianus	乔木 Tree	1.37	2.65	1.03	1.68

指数 Index	保留特有种的指数值 Index values including endemic species	剔除特有种后的指数值 Index values after excluding endemic species	剔除特有种前后的指数差值 Difference of index values before and after excluding endemic species
Margalef index (D′)	22.89 ± 0.57	20.79 ± 0.39	2.10 ± 0.18^*
Shannon-Wiener index (H′)	4.36 ± 0.01	4.29 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01^*
Simpson index (S′)	0.98 ± 0.00	0.97 ± 0.00	0.01 ± 0.00
Pielou index (E′)	0.83 ± 0.00	0.83 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00