细叶云南松种实性状变异与地理气象因子的关联

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0269

植物生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1224-1235.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0269

所属专题：植物功能性状

细叶云南松种实性状变异与地理气象因子的关联

白天道, 余春兰, 甘泽朝, 赖海荣, 杨隐超, 黄厚宸, 蒋维昕^*()

广西大学林学院, 国家林业与草原局中南速生材繁育重点实验室, 南宁 530004

收稿日期:2020-08-06 接受日期:2020-10-26 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-04-01
通讯作者: 蒋维昕
作者简介:*(jwx_1985@163.com)
基金资助:
广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFBA281110);国家自然科学基金(31400575)

Association of cone and seed traits of Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia with geo-meteorological factors

BAI Tian-Dao, YU Chun-Lan, GAN Ze-Chao, LAI Hai-Rong, YANG Yin-Chao, HUANG Hou-Chen, JIANG Wei-Xin^*()

College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Fast-growing Wood Breeding and Cultivation in Central and South China, Nanning 530004, China

Received:2020-08-06 Accepted:2020-10-26 Online:2020-12-20 Published:2021-04-01
Contact: JIANG Wei-Xin
About author:*(jwx_1985@163.com)
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2018GXNSFBA281110);National Natural Science Foundation of China (31400575).(31400575)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细叶云南松(Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia)是分布于滇、黔、桂交界处的一个云南松变种, 其自然生境独特, 属典型的干热河谷气候, 具有重要的生态、经济价值。该研究以分布于南盘江-红水河流域沿线的8个细叶云南松天然种群为材料, 采用描述性统计及巢式方差分析比较种群间及种群内种实性状差异, 运用Pearson相关及典型相关分析探究种实性状与地理气象因子间的相关性, 最后对种群进行主成分聚类和Mantel检验, 揭示其种实性状地理变异模式。结果显示: 细叶云南松11个种实性状在种群间和种群内都存在极显著差异(p < 0.001), 变异丰富。种实性状以种群内变异为主(平均表型分化系数V_ST = 18.65%), 球果性状种群间分化(24.22%-39.88%)高于种子及种翅性状(4.14%-13.80%), 表明球果性状受到更强的环境选择。尽管部分相关系数未达显著水平, 但整体上种实性状与经纬度、年平均气温呈正相关关系, 与相对湿度、年降水量呈负相关关系, 表明细叶云南松种实性状受到地理隔离、湿度和温度的协同选择作用, 使其能较好适应干热环境。主成分聚类将参试种群划分为3类, 位于东部的罗甸伍家坟(WJ)、罗甸大亭(DT)种群聚为一类, 其种实形态较大, 位于西南部的兴义坝汪(BW)种群单独一类, 其种实形态较小, 其他种群聚为一类, 种实形态介于前两类之间。总体上, 种实性状值有自西向东递增的趋势。Mantel检验表明, 参试种群存在明显的空间结构, 主要体现为渐变群模式。

关键词: 细叶云南松, 球果性状, 种子性状, 地理变异, 生态适应性, 遗传资源

Abstract:

Aims Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia is an ecologically and economically important timber tree located at the junction of Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi, China. The natural distribution area represents a typical habitat of hot-dry valley. This paper aimed to describe the association between variation patterns of cone and seed traits (CST) and the geo-meteorological factors, explore its ecological adaptability, and provide a reference for the genetic resources conservation, evaluation and utilization.
Methods We sampled eight wild populations of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia distributed along the Nanpan-Hongshui River basin. The CST among and within populations were analyzed via discriptive statistics and nested ANOVA. Correlations between CST and geo-meteorological were evaluated based on Pearson and canonical correlation coefficients. Principal component analysis and Mantel test were applied to reveal the geographic variation pattern.
Important findings Abundant variations of eleven CST among and within populations were indicated by the extremely significant difference of nested ANOVA results (p < 0.001). The variation within population was the main source (the average coefficient of phenotypic differentiation V_ST = 18.65%), and generally, the V_ST of cone traits (24.22%-39.88%) were larger than those of seed and wing traits (4.14%-13.80%), indicating more environment selection pressure on the cone traits. Majority of CST was positively correlated (though part of variable-pairs statistically insignificant) with latitude and longitude, annual average temperature, and negatively correlated with relative humidity and annual rainfall. This result suggests that the CST of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia is subjected to strong environmental selection, especially to temperature and relative humidity, prompting the species to adapt the hot-dry environment. Eight natural populations of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia were divided into three groups via principal component and cluster analysis. The two Luodian populations (WJ and DT) in the east were grouped into one group, and their cones and seeds were large. A population (BW) of Xingyi in the southwest belonged to a separate group, and its cones and seeds were small. The other populations were grouped together, and their CST fell between the first two groups. On the whole, the CST in P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia increased from west to east. Mantel test exhibited a significant spatial structure among populations, and the variation pattern of populations was consistent with that of the cline.

Key words: Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia, cone trait, seed trait, geographic variation, ecological adaptivity, genetic resources

白天道, 余春兰, 甘泽朝, 赖海荣, 杨隐超, 黄厚宸, 蒋维昕. 细叶云南松种实性状变异与地理气象因子的关联. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(12): 1224-1235. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0269

BAI Tian-Dao, YU Chun-Lan, GAN Ze-Chao, LAI Hai-Rong, YANG Yin-Chao, HUANG Hou-Chen, JIANG Wei-Xin. Association of cone and seed traits of Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia with geo-meteorological factors. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2020, 44(12): 1224-1235. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0269

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0269

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2020/V44/I12/1224

图/表 10

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种群 Population	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔高度 Altitude (m)	年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (℃)	年平均相对湿度 Mean relative humidity (%)	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	地貌 Landform type	坡度 Slope degree (°)	土壤类型 Soil type	林分类型 Stand type	林分平均胸径 DBH ± SD (cm)
兴义坝汪 Bawang, Xingyi (BW)	104.83°	24.70°	872.1	17.1	79.6	1 301.7	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	26.03 ± 7.94
册亨弼佑 Biyou, Ceheng (BY)	106.00°	24.78°	701.0	18.7	78.8	1 244.7	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	25-30	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	23.61 ± 8.44
兴义岔江 Chajiang, Xingyi (CJ)	104.68°	25.07°	1 250.8	16.0	79.8	1 413.0	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	15-20	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	24.94 ± 9.79
望谟大观 Daguan, Wangmo (DG)	106.27°	25.08°	870.0	18.7	78.1	1 211.6	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	32.64 ± 11.28
罗甸大亭 Dating, Luodian (DT)	106.93°	25.30°	1 087.1	17.8	78.6	1 157.0	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	15-20	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	24.56 ± 5.73
安龙钱相 Qianxiang, Anlong (QX)	105.48°	25.20°	1 378.9	15.4	79.4	1 278.9	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	5-10	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	20.65 ± 8.23
安龙新桥 Xinqiao, Anlong (XQ)	105.28°	25.15°	1 315.0	16.1	79.6	1 266.9	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	26.29 ± 13.19
罗甸伍家坟 Wujiafen, Luodian (WJ)	106.93°	25.48°	776.2	17.5	78.7	1 157.3	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	25-30	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	35.74 ± 8.38

种群 Population	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔高度 Altitude (m)	年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (℃)	年平均相对湿度 Mean relative humidity (%)	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	地貌 Landform type	坡度 Slope degree (°)	土壤类型 Soil type	林分类型 Stand type	林分平均胸径 DBH ± SD (cm)
兴义坝汪 Bawang, Xingyi (BW)	104.83°	24.70°	872.1	17.1	79.6	1 301.7	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	26.03 ± 7.94
册亨弼佑 Biyou, Ceheng (BY)	106.00°	24.78°	701.0	18.7	78.8	1 244.7	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	25-30	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	23.61 ± 8.44
兴义岔江 Chajiang, Xingyi (CJ)	104.68°	25.07°	1 250.8	16.0	79.8	1 413.0	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	15-20	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	24.94 ± 9.79
望谟大观 Daguan, Wangmo (DG)	106.27°	25.08°	870.0	18.7	78.1	1 211.6	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	32.64 ± 11.28
罗甸大亭 Dating, Luodian (DT)	106.93°	25.30°	1 087.1	17.8	78.6	1 157.0	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	15-20	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	24.56 ± 5.73
安龙钱相 Qianxiang, Anlong (QX)	105.48°	25.20°	1 378.9	15.4	79.4	1 278.9	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	5-10	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	20.65 ± 8.23
安龙新桥 Xinqiao, Anlong (XQ)	105.28°	25.15°	1 315.0	16.1	79.6	1 266.9	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	10-15	砖红壤 Latosol	松栎混交林 Pine-oak forest	26.29 ± 13.19
罗甸伍家坟 Wujiafen, Luodian (WJ)	106.93°	25.48°	776.2	17.5	78.7	1 157.3	山地峡谷 Mountain gulch	25-30	砖红壤 Latosol	纯林 Pure stand	35.74 ± 8.38

性状Trait	均方 Mean square			F
性状Trait	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations	随机误差 Random error	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations
CL	4 460.408	831.114	42.857	104.075^***	19.393^***
CW	596.236	173.065	5.813	102.560^***	29.770^***
CR	0.995	0.240	0.017	58.159^***	14.041^***
FM	11 240.191	2 093.936	81.514	137.893^***	25.688^***
SL	27.586	11.767	0.122	226.300^***	96.532^***
SW	5.184	2.726	0.065	79.562^***	41.835^***
SR	16.907	7.154	0.102	166.553^***	70.471^***
TSM	97.442	48.754	0.418	233.050^***	116.603^***
WL	647.766	335.707	2.428	266.774^***	138.257^***
WW	25.997	19.652	0.375	69.362^***	52.433^***
WR	1.045	0.658	0.020	52.216^***	32.874^***

性状Trait	均方 Mean square			F
性状Trait	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations	随机误差 Random error	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations
CL	4 460.408	831.114	42.857	104.075^***	19.393^***
CW	596.236	173.065	5.813	102.560^***	29.770^***
CR	0.995	0.240	0.017	58.159^***	14.041^***
FM	11 240.191	2 093.936	81.514	137.893^***	25.688^***
SL	27.586	11.767	0.122	226.300^***	96.532^***
SW	5.184	2.726	0.065	79.562^***	41.835^***
SR	16.907	7.154	0.102	166.553^***	70.471^***
TSM	97.442	48.754	0.418	233.050^***	116.603^***
WL	647.766	335.707	2.428	266.774^***	138.257^***
WW	25.997	19.652	0.375	69.362^***	52.433^***
WR	1.045	0.658	0.020	52.216^***	32.874^***

种群 Population	CL (mm) (SD)	CW (mm) (SD)	CR (SD)	FM (g) (SD)	SL (mm) (SD)	SW (mm) (SD)	SR (SD)	TSM (g) (SD)	WL (mm) (SD)	WW (mm) (SD)	WR (SD)
兴义坝汪 Bawang, Xingyi	53.72^g (9.64)	31.52^d (4.07)	1.70^e (0.18)	26.07^f (11.94)	5.54^c (0.75)	3.18^d (0.38)	1.76^b (0.28)	11.88^e (2.73)	17.70^e (3.18)	5.78^e (1.01)	3.11^d (0.58)
册亨弼佑 Biyou, Ceheng	63.10^de (9.76)	34.18^c (3.90)	1.85^b (0.20)	40.37^d (14.13)	5.79^b (0.57)	3.41^b (0.36)	1.70^c (0.15)	14.81^bcd (2.93)	19.66^c (2.93)	6.00^d (0.94)	3.32^b (0.51)
兴义岔江 Chajiang, Xingyi	60.81^e (11.73)	34.78^c (5.32)	1.75^de (0.21)	39.62^d (17.98)	5.48^c (0.50)	3.40^b (0.35)	1.63^d (0.18)	14.91^bc (4.24)	19.70^c (2.93)	6.32^c (0.99)	3.16^d (0.46)
望谟大观 Daguan, Wangmo	63.61^cd (9.23)	36.51^b (4.55)	1.75^de (0.20)	44.69^c (14.86)	5.77^b (0.65)	3.41^b (0.32)	1.70^c (0.18)	14.42^cd (3.18)	19.49^c (3.38)	6.49^a (0.93)	3.03^e (0.49)
罗甸大亭 Dating, Luodian	67.83^b (7.01)	38.18^a (4.12)	1.78^cd (0.15)	50.32^b (14.76)	6.09^a (0.59)	3.49^a (0.26)	1.75^b (0.18)	16.78^a (2.82)	20.38^b (2.72)	6.37^abc (0.57)	3.23^c (0.57)
安龙钱相 Qianxiang, Anlong	57.51^f (12.42)	35.06^c (5.12)	1.63^f (0.16)	33.86^e (13.36)	5.36^d (0.58)	3.19^d (0.35)	1.69^c (0.13)	13.23^cde (4.46)	18.09^de (1.90)	6.45^ab (0.77)	2.83^f (0.35)
罗甸伍家坟 Wujiafen, Luodian	72.34^a (11.08)	37.22^ab (4.02)	1.94^a (0.16)	54.62^a (18.56)	6.04^a (0.49)	3.39^b (0.28)	1.79^a (0.16)	16.48^ab (2.71)	21.31^a (2.97)	6.28^c (0.69)	3.41^a (0.49)
安龙新桥 Xinqiao, Anlong	66.16^bc (9.92)	36.35^b (3.66)	1.82^bc (0.18)	47.80^bc (14.78)	5.54^c (0.54)	3.28^c (0.36)	1.70^c (0.15)	13.07^de (3.69)	18.27^d (2.79)	6.34^bc (0.83)	2.90^f (0.33)

细叶云南松种实性状变异与地理气象因子的关联

Association of cone and seed traits of Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia with geo-meteorological factors

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种群 Population	表型变异系数 CV (%)
种群 Population	CL	CW	CR	FM	SL	SW	SR	TSM	WL	WW	WR	Mean
兴义坝汪 Bawang, Xingyi	17.94	12.91	10.59	45.80	13.54	11.95	15.91	22.98	17.97	17.47	18.65	18.70
册亨弼佑 Biyou, Ceheng	15.47	11.41	10.81	35.00	9.84	10.56	8.82	19.78	14.90	15.67	15.36	15.24
兴义岔江 Chajiang, Xingyi	19.29	15.30	12.00	45.38	9.12	10.29	11.04	28.44	14.87	15.66	14.56	17.81
望谟大观 Daguan, Wangmo	14.51	12.46	11.43	33.25	11.27	9.38	10.59	22.05	17.34	14.33	16.17	15.71
罗甸大亭 Dating, Luodian	10.33	10.79	8.43	29.33	9.69	7.45	10.29	16.81	13.35	8.95	17.65	13.01
安龙钱相 Qianxiang, Anlong	21.60	14.60	9.82	39.46	10.82	10.97	7.69	33.71	10.50	11.94	12.37	16.68
罗甸伍家坟 Wujiafen, Luodian	15.32	10.80	8.25	33.98	8.11	8.26	8.94	16.44	13.94	10.99	14.37	13.58
安龙新桥 Xinqiao, Anlong	14.99	10.07	9.89	30.92	9.75	10.98	8.82	28.23	15.27	13.09	11.38	14.85
平均值 Mean	16.18	12.29	10.15	36.64	10.27	9.98	10.27	23.56	14.77	13.51	15.07	15.70
种群间变异系数 CV_A	9.31	5.85	5.33	21.91	4.67	3.39	2.91	11.67	6.37	3.87	6.38	7.42

性状 Trait	方差分量 Variance component			方差分量百分比 Percentage of variance component (%)			表型分化系数 Coefficient of phenotypic differentiation (%)
性状 Trait	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations	随机误差 Random error	种群间 Among populations	种群内 Within populations	随机误差 Random error	表型分化系数 Coefficient of phenotypic differentiation (%)
CL	45.405 5	68.437 6	42.767 7	28.99	43.70	27.31	39.88
CW	4.573 8	14.312 0	5.805 9	18.52	57.96	23.51	24.22
CR	0.011 0	0.017 6	0.017 0	24.04	38.65	37.31	38.35
FM	85.877 4	161.015 3	81.274 8	26.17	49.06	24.77	34.79
SL	0.037 4	0.233 9	0.121 9	9.52	59.48	31.00	13.80
SW	0.005 6	0.053 4	0.065 2	4.54	43.00	52.46	9.55
SR	0.000 9	0.012 8	0.020 0	2.53	38.06	59.41	6.23
TSM	1.427 1	12.075 3	0.418 1	10.25	86.74	3.00	10.57
WL	0.729 8	6.661 7	2.428 1	7.43	67.84	24.73	9.87
WW	0.016 6	0.383 8	0.374 8	2.14	49.51	48.35	4.14
WR	0.022 6	0.141 1	0.101 5	8.52	53.21	38.27	13.80
平均值Mean				12.97	53.38	33.65	18.65

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