毛白杨茎干夜间液流时空动态及其环境影响因子

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0162

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 262-274.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0162

毛白杨茎干夜间液流时空动态及其环境影响因子

范云翔¹, 邸楠²^,^*(), 刘洋¹, 章毓文¹, 段劼¹, 李新³, 王海红⁴, 席本野¹

¹北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
²内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021
³北京时域通科技有限公司, 100085 北京
⁴梁水镇人民政府, 山东聊城 252037

收稿日期:2022-04-25 接受日期:2022-09-05 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2022-09-20
通讯作者: *(dinan1225@163.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32001304);国家自然科学基金(32171763);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2020BS03002)

Spatiotemporal dynamics of nocturnal sap flow of Populus tomentosa and environmental impact factors

FAN Yun-Xiang¹, DI Nan²^,^*(), LIU Yang¹, ZHANG Yu-Wen¹, DUAN Jie¹, LI Xin³, WANG Hai-Hong⁴, XI Ben-Ye¹

¹Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
²School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
³Beijing Sinton Technology, Beijing 100085, China
⁴Liangshui People’s Government, Liaocheng, Shandong 252037, China

Received:2022-04-25 Accepted:2022-09-05 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2022-09-20
Contact: *(dinan1225@163.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001304);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171763);Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol(2020BS03002)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了更深入地理解树木茎干夜间水分活动机制, 该研究针对华北平原典型杨树(Populus spp.)人工林夜间液流和茎干充水的时空动态及其环境影响因子进行探究。该研究以雨养条件下毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)为研究对象, 在不同生长时期, 利用热扩散法对茎干不同高度处液流速率进行连续监测, 对土壤含水率以及气象因子进行同步测定, 对比不同时期各高度夜间液流动态及其与环境因子的相关关系。结果显示: 雨季前, 茎干0.35和1.30 m处夜间液流占日总液流量的比例显著高于雨季后, 而雨季后茎干7.00 m处夜间液流占比提高了49%。雨季前, 茎干各高度处夜间液流速率同步性较高, 且随茎干高度增加逐渐递减。雨季后, 夜间用水主要来源由根系吸水转变为下部茎干储水, 基部夜间液流速率降低66%, 不同高度夜间液流的空间特征也发生变化。雨季前后, 4.00-7.00 m茎段为茎干充水的主要发生部位, 平均日充水量达4.16 L, 而1.30-4.00 m茎段充水量明显低于其他高度茎段, 可能主要发挥输水功能。水汽压亏缺、气温和3 m深土壤含水率对雨季前后各高度处夜间液流均有显著的正向驱动作用, 但这种驱动作用在雨季后明显减弱, 且在不同高度间存在一定差异。

关键词: 杨树人工林, 夜间液流, 茎干高度, 茎干充水

Abstract:

Aims In order to better understand the mechanisms of nocturnal water activity in tree stems, this paper explores the spatiotemporal dynamics of nocturnal sap flow and stem water filling in typical poplar plantations in the North China Plain and environmental influencing factors.

Methods Taking rainfed Populus tomentosa as the research object, the thermal diffusion method was used to continuously monitor the sap flow rate at different heights of stem in different growing periods. Soil water content and meteorological factors were measured simultaneously. Dynamics of nocturnal sap flow at different heights and its correlations with environmental factors were compared.

Important findings Before the rainy season, the ratio of nocturnal sap flow to daily sap flow at 0.35 and 1.30 m of the stem was significantly higher than that after the rainy season, while the ratio at 7.00 m increased by 49% after the rainy season. Nocturnal sap flow rate at different heights of the stem showed a high synchronization before the rainy season, and decreased with the increase of stem height. After the rainy season, the main water resource of nocturnal water use changed from root water uptake to stored water in stem base, which leading to 66% decrease of nocturnal sap flow at stem base. Meanwhile, the spatial characteristics of nocturnal sap flow at different heights also varied in different periods. After the rainy season, stem water refilling mainly occurred in 4.00-7.00 m stem segment with mean daily water refilling amount of 4.16 L, while the refilling amount in 1.30-4.00 m stem segment was much lower than others, possibly due to its primary function of water transport. Before the rainy season, vapor pressure deficit, air temperature and soil water content at 3 m depth were significantly correlated with nocturnal sap flow rate at different heights, but this relation was obviously weakened after the rainy season. And the correlations between the environmental impact factors and nocturnal sap flow were different at each height. This study finds the spatiotemporal variations of nocturnal sap flow and stem water refilling, which provide scientific support for optimizing diurnal water cycle and motion process simulation of poplar plantation in North China Plain.

Key words: poplar plantation, nocturnal sap flow, stem height, stem water refilling

范云翔, 邸楠, 刘洋, 章毓文, 段劼, 李新, 王海红, 席本野. 毛白杨茎干夜间液流时空动态及其环境影响因子. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0162

FAN Yun-Xiang, DI Nan, LIU Yang, ZHANG Yu-Wen, DUAN Jie, LI Xin, WANG Hai-Hong, XI Ben-Ye. Spatiotemporal dynamics of nocturnal sap flow of Populus tomentosa and environmental impact factors. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0162

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0162

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I2/262

图/表 10

表1 旧城林场毛白杨样树生长信息

Table 1 Growth information of sample trees of Populus tomentosa in Jiucheng Forest Farm

编号 Number	胸径 Diameter at breast height (cm)	树高 Height (m)	最低活枝高 Height of lowest living branch (m)
T1	14.21	17.10	9.79
T2	13.52	15.95	6.56
T3	13.60	16.96	9.81

图1 实验期间气象因子与土壤含水率的动态变化。左图为雨季前(7月), 右图为雨季后(9月)。

Fig. 1 Variations in meteorological factors and soil water content (SWC) during the study period. ARH, air relative humidity; P, precipitation; T, air temperature; VPD, vapor pressure deficit; Ws, wind speed. Left figures show the variation before the rainy season (July), and right figures show the variation after the rainy season (September).

表2 雨季前后日间和夜间气象因子的差异

Table 2 Differences of diurnal and nocturnal meteorological factors before and after the rainy season

	空气相对湿度 Air relative humidity (%)		空气温度 Air temperature (℃)		水汽压亏缺 Vapor pressure deficit (kPa)		风速 Wind speed (m·s^-1)
	日间 Diurnal	夜间 Nocturnal	日间 Diurnal	夜间 Nocturnal	日间 Diurnal	夜间 Nocturnal	日间 Diurnal	夜间 Nocturnal
雨季前-雨季后 Before rainy season-after rainy season	0.511	-1.215	6.055^**	7.043^**	1.043	2.982^**	-3.059^**	-0.894
p	0.615	0.239	0.000	0.000	0.309	0.007	0.006	0.382

图2 雨季前后0-6 m土壤含水率差异(平均值±标准误)。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 2 Differences of soil water content in 0-6 m depth before and after the rainy season (mean ± SE). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图3 茎干不同高度的夜间液流量占日总液流量的比值(平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示相同时期不同高度夜间液流占比的差异显著(p < 0.05), *表示同一茎干高度雨季前后夜间液流占比的差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Ratio of nocturnal sap flow to total daily sap flow at different stem heights (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters represent significant differences of the ratio between different heights in the same period (p < 0.05), * represent significant differences of the ratio before and after the rainy season at the same height (p < 0.05).

图4 不同茎干高度瞬时液流量日变化(T1样树多天测定结果的平均值±标准误)。A、B为雨季前的变化, C、D为雨季后的变化(B、D分别为A、C夜间部分的放大显示)。

Fig. 4 Daily variations in momentary sap flow at different stem heights (mean ± SE of multi-day measurements of T1 sample tree). A, B show the variations before the rainy season, and C, D show the variations after the rainy season. B and D are the enlarge figures of nocturnal variations of momentary sap flow.

图5 不同高度茎干充水量变化日动态。正值表明茎干充水, 负值表明茎干失水。B为放大的夜间不同高度茎干充水量变化。

Fig. 5 Daily variations in stem water refilling at different heights. Positive values indicate stem water refilling, negative values indicate stem water loss. B is the enlarged figure of nocturnal variations of stem water refilling.

表3 土壤含水率(SWC)与夜间液流速率的相关性

Table 3 Correlation coefficients between soil water content (SWC) and nocturnal sap flow rate

时期 Period	茎干高度 Stem height (m)	SWC_{0-1 m}	SWC_{1-2 m}	SWC_{2-3 m}	SWC_{3-4 m}	SWC_{4-5 m}	SWC_{5-6 m}
雨季前 Before rainy season	0.35	-0.757^**	-0.606^*	0.669^*	-0.827^**	-0.725^**	-0.610^*
	1.30	-0.437	-0.140	0.623^*	-0.510	-0.587^*	-0.590^*
	7.00	-0.769^**	-0.640^*	0.679^*	-0.833^**	-0.737^**	-0.630^*
雨季后 After rainy season	0.35	-0.084	-0.007	-0.030	-0.136	0.210	0.280
	1.30	-0.122	0.052	0.294	0.294	-0.154	-0.274
	7.00	-0.536^*	-0.306	0.267	-0.021	-0.162	-0.175

图6 不同茎干高度夜间液流速率对夜间水汽压亏缺和空气温度的短期响应。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 6 Short term responses of nocturnal sap flow rate to nocturnal vapor pressure deficit and air temperature at different stem heights. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图7 不同茎干高度夜间液流速率对风速和日间液流量的长期响应。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 7 Long term responses of nocturnal sap flow (rate) to wind speed and diurnal sap flow at different stem heights. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

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毛白杨茎干夜间液流时空动态及其环境影响因子

Spatiotemporal dynamics of nocturnal sap flow of Populus tomentosa and environmental impact factors

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