闽楠和木荷非结构性碳水化合物对不同模式热浪的差异性响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0167

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 249-261.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0167

闽楠和木荷非结构性碳水化合物对不同模式热浪的差异性响应

余海霞¹, 曲鲁平¹^,^*(), 汤行昊², 刘南¹, 张子雷¹, 王浩¹, 王艺璇³, 邵长亮³, 董刚⁴, 胡亚林¹

¹福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
²福建省林业科学研究院, 福州 350012
³中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
⁴山西大学生命科学学院, 太原 030006

收稿日期:2022-04-26 接受日期:2022-09-05 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-02-28
通讯作者: *(fatqlp@163.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32171749);国家自然科学基金(31800512);国家自然科学基金(31870466);福建省种业创新与产业化工程(ZYCX-LY-202102);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600603-2)

Divergent responses of non-structural carbohydrates in Phoebe bournei and Schima superba to different heat wave patterns

YU Hai-Xia¹, QU Lu-Ping¹^,^*(), TANG Xing-Hao², LIU Nan¹, ZHANG Zi-Lei¹, WANG Hao¹, WANG Yi-Xuan³, SHAO Chang-Liang³, DONG Gang⁴, HU Ya-Lin¹

¹Forestry College, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
²Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China
³Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
⁴School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Received:2022-04-26 Accepted:2022-09-05 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-02-28
Contact: *(fatqlp@163.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171749);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800512);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870466);Fujian Provincial Seed Industry Innovation and Industrialization Project(ZYCX-LY-202102);National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0600603-2)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物体内非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)存储和调节机制反映了植物生长和代谢过程对环境变化的响应程度。全球气候变暖背景下, 极端气候事件热浪的发生频率增加, 势必会影响植物的碳收支和分配过程。然而目前热浪频率及间隔时间差异形成的复杂模式对植物不同器官之间的NSC分配及调节机制的影响尚不清楚。为了更好地阐明极端气候事件下植物器官水平的碳收支平衡机制, 该研究以亚热带主要阔叶树种闽楠(Phoebe bournei)和木荷(Schima superba)苗木为研究对象, 设置对照和不同频率及不同间隔时间的5个热浪处理, 分别为无热浪(CK)、单次热浪(HW)、短间隔反复热浪(两次热浪间隔7天, 2HW₇)、中间隔反复热浪(两次热浪间隔30天, 2HW₃₀)、长间隔反复热浪(两次热浪间隔45天, 2HW₄₅)。测定分析不同树种各器官(茎、叶、根) NSC含量和生物量变化及其分配对不同热浪模式的响应, 揭示复杂极端气候事件对植物生长的影响及不同植物的响应差异。结果表明反复热浪2HW₇显著增加了闽楠茎可溶性糖含量, 但对其根、叶可溶性糖及NSC含量无显著影响; 然而2HW₇显著增加了木荷茎、根淀粉含量, 对可溶性糖和NSC含量无显著影响, 表明了热浪胁迫下不同阔叶树种NSC分配和调节存在物种和器官差异性。2HW₃₀和2HW₄₅处理下闽楠茎NSC含量显著低于2HW₇, 2HW₃₀和2HW₄₅处理下木荷茎、根淀粉含量也显著低于2HW₇, 与CK无显著差异, 表明了反复热浪存在累加效应, 且累加效应与反复热浪间隔时间相关。闽楠各器官生物量在2HW₇处理组显著增加, 但木荷茎、根生物量在不同热浪模式处理下无显著差异, 表明闽楠增加NSC存储供给植物各器官生长发育以抵御热浪胁迫, 而木荷可能将光合产物以淀粉的形式储存在叶中缓解热浪对叶片光合系统的影响。研究结果表明不同间隔时间及频率的热浪对植物产生累加效应, 而植物NSC对热浪胁迫的调节能力与累加效应有关。

关键词: 热浪, 累加效应, 极端气候, 非结构性碳水化合物, 碳平衡

Abstract:

Aims The storage and regulation mechanisms of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plants reflect the response of plant growth and metabolism to environmental changes. In the scenario of global warming, the increasing frequency of extreme climate events such as heat wave, which is bound to affect the carbon budget and carbon distribution of plants. However, the effects of complex heat wave patterns (different frequency and interval time) on the distribution and regulation mechanism of NSC among different plant organs are still unclear. The objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of carbon budget at the level of plant organs under heat waves.

Methods We conducted the simulated heat wave events through the combined action of open top chamber (OTC) and electric heater to examine the changes and distributions of NSC content and biomass among organs (stems, leaves and roots) of Phoebe bournei and Schima superba.Five different heat wave frequency and interval treatments were set, including no heat wave (CK), one heat wave (HW), two heat wave interval of 7 days (2HW₇), two heat wave interval of 30 days (2HW₃₀) and two heat wave interval of 45 days (2HW₄₅).

Important findings (1) The repeated heat wave (2HW₇)significantly increased soluble sugar content in stems of P. bournei, but had no significant effect on soluble sugar and NSC contents in roots and leaves. 2HW₇ significantly increased starch content in the stem and root of S. superba, but had no significant effect on soluble sugar and NSC contents. These results indicated that the NSC allocation and regulation in different broad-leaved tree species and organs response to heat waves were divergent. (2) NSC content in P. bournei stem under 2HW₃₀ and 2HW₄₅ were significantly lower than 2HW₇, and starch content in S. superba stem and root were also significantly lower than 2HW₇, which was no significant difference with CK. These results suggested that multiple heat waves exist a cumulative effect. The magnitude of the cumulative effect was closely related to the heat wave interval time. (3) The biomass of all P. bournei organs in 2HW₇ treatment group was significantly increased, while the biomass of stem and root of S. superba showed no significant differences under different heat wave patterns, suggesting that P. bournei increased the storage of NSC and distributed to all organs to resist the heat wave stress, while S. superba stored photosynthetic products as starch only in leaf to resist the heat wave stress. Our results revealed that heat waves with different frequencies and intervals had an accumulative effect on plants, and the ability of plant to cope with heat wave stress via regulating NSC content in different organs was related to the accumulative effect.

Key words: heat wave, cumulative effect, extreme climate, non-structural carbohydrate, carbon balance

余海霞, 曲鲁平, 汤行昊, 刘南, 张子雷, 王浩, 王艺璇, 邵长亮, 董刚, 胡亚林. 闽楠和木荷非结构性碳水化合物对不同模式热浪的差异性响应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(2): 249-261. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0167

YU Hai-Xia, QU Lu-Ping, TANG Xing-Hao, LIU Nan, ZHANG Zi-Lei, WANG Hao, WANG Yi-Xuan, SHAO Chang-Liang, DONG Gang, HU Ya-Lin. Divergent responses of non-structural carbohydrates in Phoebe bournei and Schima superba to different heat wave patterns. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(2): 249-261. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0167

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0167

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I2/249

图/表 7

图1 实验阶段不同模式热浪处理日平均气温变化及增温幅度(A、B)及单次热浪模拟阶段空气温度日间变化及增温幅度(C、D)。2HW7, 两次热浪间隔7天; 2HW30, 两次热浪间隔30天; 2HW45, 两次热浪间隔45天; CK, 无热浪; HW, 单次热浪。A3, 热浪后1日; B1, 热浪前1日; H1, 热浪第1日, H2, 热浪第2日; H3, 热浪第3日。

Fig. 1 Daily mean air temperature variation and increasing range in different heat wave treatment during the experiment (A, B) and the illustration of air temperature diurnal variation and increasing range during a heat wave simulation period (C, D). 2HW7, two heat wave interval of 7 days; 2HW30, two heat wave interval of 30 days; 2HW45, two heat wave interval of 45 days; CK, no heat wave; HW, one heat wave. A3, the day after heat wave; B1, the day before heat wave; H1, the first day of heat wave; H2, the second day of heat wave; H3, the third day of heat wave.

表1 不同热浪处理、树种和器官对植物非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量及分配的三因素方差分析

Table 1 Results of three-way ANOVA of plant non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) content and their allocation under different heatwave treatments, tree species and organs

指标 Index	df	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (mg·g^-1)	淀粉含量 Starch content (mg·g^-1)	NSC含量 NSC content (mg·g^-1)
热浪处理 Heat wave (a)	4	0.173	<0.001	0.015
树种 Species (b)	1	<0.001	0.534	<0.001
器官 Organs (c)	2	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
热浪处理×树种 a × b	4	0.682	0.009	0.350
热浪处理×器官 a × c	8	0.554	0.305	0.569
树种×器官 b × c	2	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
热浪处理×树种×器官 a × b × c	8	0.765	0.321	0.832

图2 不同模式热浪对闽楠和木荷各器官可溶性糖和淀粉含量的影响(平均值±标准误)。2HW7, 两次热浪间隔7天; 2HW30, 两次热浪间隔30天; 2HW45, 两次热浪间隔45天; CK, 无热浪; HW, 单次热浪。不同小写字母表示同一器官不同热浪频率处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一树种相同处理不同器官间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of different heat wave patterns on soluble sugar and starch contents in different organs of Phoebe bournei and Schima superba (mean ± SE). 2HW7, two heat wave interval of 7 days; 2HW30, two heat wave interval of 30 days; 2HW45, two heat wave interval of 45 days; CK, no heat wave; HW, one heat wave. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments in the same organs (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among different organs in the same species (p < 0.05).

图3 不同模式热浪对闽楠和木荷各器官非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量的影响(平均值±标准误)。2HW7, 两次热浪间隔7天; 2HW30, 两次热浪间隔30天; 2HW45, 两次热浪间隔45天; CK, 无热浪; HW, 单次热浪。不同小写字母表示不同处理间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of different heat wave patterns on non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) content in different organs of Phoebe bournei and Schima superba (mean ± SE). 2HW7, two heat wave interval of 7 days; 2HW30, two heat wave interval of 30 days; 2HW45, two heat wave interval of 45 days; CK, no heat wave; HW, one heat wave. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (p < 0.05).

表2 不同热浪处理及树种对植物生物量影响的双因素分析

Table 2 Results of two-way ANOVA of different plant biomass influenced by heat wave treatments and tree species

指标 Index	df	p
指标 Index	df	茎生物量 Stem biomass (g)	叶生物量 Leaf biomass (g)	根生物量 Root biomass (g)	总生物量 Total biomass (g)	根冠比 Root:shoot
热浪处理 Heat wave	4	0.034	0.107	0.004	0.015	0.172
树种 Species	1	<0.001	<0.001	0.005	<0.001	0.159
热浪处理×树种 Heat wave × species	4	0.144	0.298	0.687	0.244	0.975

图4 不同模式热浪对闽楠和木荷茎、叶、根、总生物量及根冠比的影响(平均值±标准误)。2HW7, 两次热浪间隔7天; 2HW30, 两次热浪间隔30天; 2HW45, 两次热浪间隔45天; CK, 无热浪; HW, 单次热浪。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间生物量存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Effects of different heat wave patterns on different organ biomass and root:shoot of Phoebe bournei and Schima superba (mean ± SE). 2HW7, two heat wave interval of 7 days; 2HW30, two heat wave interval of 30 days; 2HW45, two heat wave interval of 45 days; CK, no heat wave; HW, one heat wave. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (p < 0.05).

图5 不同模式热浪对闽楠和木荷各器官生物量和非结构性碳水化合物含量的影响百分比变化(平均值±标准误)。变化率由各热浪处理组与无热浪组的差值计算所得; ΔBiomass, 植物各器官生物量在不同模式热浪下的变化百分比; ΔNSC, 非结构性碳水化合物含量对不同频率热浪响应比。2HW7, 两次热浪间隔7天; 2HW30, 两次热浪间隔30天; 2HW45, 两次热浪间隔45天; HW, 单次热浪。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Effects of different heat wave patterns on the percentage changes of biomass and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) content in different organs of Phoebe bournei and Schima superba (mean ± SE). Percentage changes were calculated by the difference between treatment and control group; ΔBiomass, the biomass percentage changes response to different heat wave patterns; ΔNSC, the NSC content percentage changes response to different heat wave patterns. 2HW7, two heat wave interval of 7 days; 2HW30, two heat wave interval of 30 days; 2HW45, two heat wave interval of 45 days; HW, one heat wave. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (p < 0.05).

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闽楠和木荷非结构性碳水化合物对不同模式热浪的差异性响应

Divergent responses of non-structural carbohydrates in Phoebe bournei and Schima superba to different heat wave patterns

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