10年氮磷添加对海南尖峰岭热带雨林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0382

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 690-700.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0382 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2023.0382

10年氮磷添加对海南尖峰岭热带雨林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响

俞庆水, 倪晓凤, 吉成均, 朱江玲, 唐志尧, 方精云^*()

北京大学城市与环境学院, 生态研究中心, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

收稿日期:2023-12-18 接受日期:2024-02-26 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-02-26
通讯作者: *方精云(jyfang@urban.pku.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31988102);中国博士后科学基金(2023M740040)

Effects of 10-year nitrogen and phosphorus additions on leaf non-structural carbohydrates of dominant plants in tropical rainforests in Jianfengling, Hainan

YU Qing-Shui, NI Xiao-Feng, JI Cheng-Jun, ZHU Jiang-Ling, TANG Zhi-Yao, FANG Jing-Yun^*()

Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2023-12-18 Accepted:2024-02-26 Online:2024-06-20 Published:2024-02-26
Contact: *FANG Jing-Yun(jyfang@urban.pku.edu.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31988102);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M740040)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

非结构性碳水化合物(NSCs)包括淀粉和可溶性糖, 两者之间的相互转化可以增强植物对环境胁迫的抵抗力。热带雨林在陆地生态系统碳库和缓解气候变化中占有重要地位, 同时也是大气氮磷沉降的热点区域。目前, 热带雨林原始林和次生林优势植物叶片NSCs对长期氮磷输入的响应尚不清楚。该研究基于海南尖峰岭原始林和次生林10年的氮磷添加实验, 探究长期氮磷输入对两种森林各8个物种叶片NSCs的影响, 并分析叶片性状、光合作用参数和土壤养分含量与NSCs的关系。研究结果表明, 次生林优势植物叶片相对于原始林优势植物叶片有更高的可溶性糖和NSCs含量。低氮添加显著降低了原始林优势植物叶片淀粉的含量, 磷添加显著增加了原始林优势植物叶片可溶性糖的含量, 氮磷同时添加提高了原始林优势植物可溶性糖与淀粉的比值, 而氮磷添加对次生林优势植物叶片NSCs含量均无显著影响。两种森林8个物种的叶片NSCs含量均与叶片pH和比叶面积负相关, 而与叶片碳含量、光合速率和光合氮利用效率正相关。次生林土壤有效氮含量、总磷含量与叶片NSCs含量显著正相关。上述结果表明热带雨林优势植物叶片NSCs受到叶片性状和土壤养分的综合影响。该研究从叶片碳经济角度揭示了原始林优势植物相对于次生林优势植物对大气氮磷沉降的响应更敏感, 并呼吁加强对热带原始雨林的保护。

关键词: 热带雨林, 次生林, 氮沉降, 磷沉降

Abstract:

Aims Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) include starch and soluble sugars, the transformation of which enhances plant resistance to environmental stresses. Tropical rainforests play an important role in the carbon (C) pool of terrestrial ecosystems and in mitigating climate change, and they are also hotspots for atmospheric nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition. To date, the response of leaf NSCs of dominant plants in primary and secondary forests to long-term N and P inputs is unclear.

Methods We investigated the effects of long-term N and P inputs on leaf NSCs of eight species from each of the primary and secondary forests based on a 10-year N and P addition experiment in Jianfengling, Hainan, and analyzed the relationships of NSCs with each of the leaf traits, photosynthesis parameters, and soil nutrients.

Important findings Dominant plant leaves in the secondary forest had higher soluble sugar and NSCs contents than that in the primary forest. Low N addition significantly reduced the content of starch, P addition significantly increased the content of soluble sugar, and combined N and P additions enhanced the ratio of soluble sugar and starch in dominant plant leaves of primary forest; whereas N and P additions did not impact the NSCs content of dominant plant leaves of secondary forest. In the two forests, leaf NSCs content of eight species were negatively correlated with leaf pH and specific leaf area, while positively correlated with leaf C content, photosynthesis rate, and photosynthetic N use efficiency. There was significant positive relationship between leaf NSCs and each of soil available N, total P contents in secondary forest. These results suggest that leaf NSCs of dominant plants is jointly impacted by leaf traits and soil nutrients in tropical rainforests. From the perspective of the leaf C economy, our study demonstrates that dominant plants are more sensitive to atmospheric N and P deposition in primary than in secondary forests, thereby highlighting the importance of protecting tropical primary rainforests.

Key words: tropical rainforest, secondary forest, nitrogen deposition, phosphorus deposition

俞庆水, 倪晓凤, 吉成均, 朱江玲, 唐志尧, 方精云. 10年氮磷添加对海南尖峰岭热带雨林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(6): 690-700. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0382

YU Qing-Shui, NI Xiao-Feng, JI Cheng-Jun, ZHU Jiang-Ling, TANG Zhi-Yao, FANG Jing-Yun. Effects of 10-year nitrogen and phosphorus additions on leaf non-structural carbohydrates of dominant plants in tropical rainforests in Jianfengling, Hainan. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(6): 690-700. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0382

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0382

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I6/690

图/表 8

表1 海南尖峰岭原始林和次生林样地基本信息(平均值±标准差)

Table 1 Stand characteristics of primary and secondary forests in Jianfengling, Hainan (mean ± SD)

因子 Factor	原始林 Primary forest	次生林 Secondary forest
年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (℃)	19.7 ± 0.9	20.0 ± 0.7
年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	2 198	2 198
年平均相对湿度 Mean annual relative humidity (%)	89.4 ± 0.8	95.0 ± 0.7
平均胸径 Mean diameter at breast height (cm)	22.43	10.18
平均树高 Mean tree height (m)	18.19	9.31
物种丰富度 Species richness	290	199
生物量 Biomass (t·hm^-2)	476.2 ± 59.3	505.5 ± 55.2
密度(株·hm^-2) Stand density (ind·hm^-2)	4 092	7 717
基面积 Basal area (m²·hm^-2)	52.3	45.3
凋落物产量 Litterfall production (Mg·hm^-2·a^-1)	8.2 ± 0.4	8.0 ± 0.9
土壤pH Soil pH	4.5 ± 0.2	4.4 ± 0.1
土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (mg·g^-1)	21.5 ± 0.2	25.9 ± 1.5
土壤总氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)	1.7 ± 0.2	2.1 ± 0.1
土壤总磷含量 Soil total phosphorus content (mg·g^-1)	0.13 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.03

表2 海南尖峰岭植物物种、森林类型、养分添加及其相互作用对叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响

Table 2 Effects of plant species, forest types, nutrient additions and their interactions on leaf non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in Jianfengling, Hainan

固定效应 Fixed effect	淀粉含量 Starch content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	可溶性糖/淀粉 Soluble sugar/starch	非结构性碳水化合物含量NSCs content
物种 Species	***	***	***	***
森林类型 Forest type	ns	*	ns	**
氮添加 Nitrogen (N) addition	ns	ns	*	*
磷添加 Phosphorus (P) addition	ns	ns	ns	ns
氮添加×磷添加 N addition × P addition	ns	ns	ns	ns
物种×森林类型 Species × forest type	ns	**	ns	ns
森林类型×氮添加 Forest type × N addition	ns	ns	***	ns
森林类型×磷添加 Forest type × P addition	ns	**	ns	ns

图1 海南尖峰岭原始林和次生林优势植物叶片淀粉、可溶性糖和总非结构性碳水化合物含量以及可溶性糖与淀粉含量之比(平均值±标准差)。 *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ns, p > 0.05。

Fig. 1 Contents of leaf starch, soluble sugar and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), and ratio of soluble sugar content to starch content of dominant plants in primary and secondary forests in Jianfengling, Hainan (mean ± SD). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ns, p > 0.05.

图2 海南尖峰岭原始林(A-D)和次生林(E-H)各处理优势植物叶片可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳水化合物含量以及可溶性糖与淀粉含量之比。 *, p < 0.05。CK, 对照; N25, 氮添加(25 kg·hm-2·a-1); N50, 氮添加(50 kg·hm-2·a-1); N100, 氮添加(100 kg·hm-2·a-1) ; N50P50, 氮(50 kg·hm-2·a-1)、磷(50 kg·hm-2·a-1)同时添加; P50, 磷添加(50 kg·hm-2·a-1)。

Fig. 2 Contents of leaf soluble sugar, starch and total non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), and ratio of soluble sugar content to starch content of dominant plants across fertilization treatments in primary (A-D) and secondary (E-H) forests in Jianfengling, Hainan. *, p < 0.05. CK, control; N25, nitrogen addition (25 kg·hm-2·a-1); N50, nitrogen addition (50 kg·hm-2·a-1); N100, nitrogen addition (100 kg·hm-2·a-1) ; N50P50, nitrogen (50 kg·hm-2·a-1) and phosphorus (50 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition; P50, phosphorus addition (50 kg·hm-2·a-1)。

图3 海南尖峰岭原始林植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量与叶片pH、碳含量、比叶面积、光合速率以及光合氮利用效率间的线性关系。

Fig. 3 Linear relationships between leaf non-structural carbohydrates contents (NSCs) and the leaf pH, carbon content, specific leaf area (SLA), photosynthetic rates (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) across plant species of primary forest in Jianfengling, Hainan.

图4 海南尖峰岭次生林植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量与叶片pH、碳含量、比叶面积、光合速率以及光合氮利用效率间的线性关系。

Fig. 4 Linear relationships between leaf non-structural carbohydrates contents (NSCs) and the leaf pH, carbon content, specific leaf area (SLA), photosynthetic rates (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) for all species of secondary forest in Jianfengling, Hainan.

图5 海南尖峰岭原始林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量与土壤化学性质间的关系。

Fig. 5 Relationship between leaf non-structural carbohydrates contents (NSCs) of dominant plants and soil chemical properties in primary forest in Jianfengling, Hainan.

图6 海南尖峰岭次生林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量与土壤化学性质之间的关系。

Fig. 6 Linear relationships between leaf non-structural carbohydrates contents (NSCs) of dominant plants and soil chemical properties in secondary forest in Jianfengling, Hainan

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10年氮磷添加对海南尖峰岭热带雨林优势植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响

Effects of 10-year nitrogen and phosphorus additions on leaf non-structural carbohydrates of dominant plants in tropical rainforests in Jianfengling, Hainan

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