温带不同材性树种树干非结构性碳水化合物的径向分配差异

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 722-734.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

温带不同材性树种树干非结构性碳水化合物的径向分配差异

董涵君¹, 王兴昌¹, 苑丹阳¹, 柳荻¹, 刘玉龙², 桑英³, 王晓春¹^,^*()

¹东北林业大学生态研究中心, 森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040
²黑龙江省生态研究所, 哈尔滨 150040
³东北林业大学林学院, 哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2021-12-10 接受日期:2022-02-18 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 王晓春
作者简介:*(wangx@nefu.edu.cn) ORCID:王晓春: 0000-0002-8897-5077
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(SQ2021YFD220008501);国家自然科学基金(41877426);国家自然科学基金(42177421)

Radial distribution differences of non-structural carbohydrates in stems of tree species of different wood in a temperate forest

DONG Han-Jun¹, WANG Xing-Chang¹, YUAN Dan-Yang¹, LIU Di¹, LIU Yu-Long², SANG Ying³, WANG Xiao-Chun¹^,^*()

¹Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forestry Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
²Heilongjiang Ecological Institute, Harbin 150040, China
³School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2021-12-10 Accepted:2022-02-18 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-04-25
Contact: WANG Xiao-Chun
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(SQ2021YFD220008501);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41877426);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177421)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温带森林不同树种具有不同的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)存储和利用策略, 树干是成年树木NSC主体储存库。但树干NSC径向变异和种间差异仍不清楚, 无孔材(裸子植物)、散孔材和环孔材(被子植物)所代表的木材孔性功能群对树干NSC浓度的影响尚缺乏定论。为探索温带森林主要树种树干NSC浓度随树木木材孔性和组织的变化特征, 该研究在黑龙江省穆棱市的东北典型阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林中选择32个树种, 采集胸高位置树皮、边材和心材3种组织, 分析NSC浓度随木材孔性和组织的变化特征。结果表明: (1)树种、组织和木材孔性均显著影响树干的NSC浓度。3种组织可溶性糖、淀粉、总NSC浓度和糖/淀粉的种间变异较大, 变异系数最低为37% (树皮总NSC浓度), 最高达到101% (心材淀粉浓度), 树干组织、树种及其交互作用均显著影响NSC浓度。(2)总体上可溶性糖、淀粉和总NSC浓度均随径向深度增加而降低。无孔材树皮的可溶性糖浓度和糖/淀粉显著高于散孔材和环孔材, 而边材中的淀粉和总NSC浓度为环孔材>散孔材>无孔材。(3)无孔材可溶性糖、淀粉和总NSC浓度边材和心材比均在1左右, 显著低于散孔材和环孔材, 而且无孔材边材和心材之间淀粉浓度相关较紧密, 表明被子植物的边材、心材功能分化较裸子植物更为明显。研究结果表明木材孔性影响了温带树种树干NSC存储策略, 研究整树NSC以及树木生理生态学功能需要区分树干组织。

关键词: 非结构性碳水化合物, 温带森林, 树干, 可溶性糖, 淀粉

Abstract:

Aims Temperate forest tree species adopt different strategies in storing and utilizing non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). Trunk is the main storage pool of NSC. However, the radial variation and interspecific difference of trunk NSC are still unclear, and how wood porous group—non-porous wood (gymnosperms), diffuse-porous wood and ring-porous wood (both are angiosperms)—influences NSC concentrations of trunks is still uncertain. The objective of this study was to explore the variation of trunk NSC concentrations of major tree species in temperate forests with wood porosity and trunk tissues.

Methods We selected 32 tree species in a broadleaved and Pinus koraiensis mixed forest in Muling City, Heilongjiang Province. Bark, sapwood, and heartwood of stem at the breast height were collected to analyze the variation of NSC concentrations with wood porosity and tissue.

Important findings (1) Tree species, tissue and wood porosity significantly affected the NSC concentration of trunk. The interspecific variation of concentrations of soluble sugars, starch, total NSC and sugar/starch in the three tissues was large, with the lowest coefficient of variation of 37% (total NSC concentration in bark) and the highest of 101% (starch concentration in heartwood). Tissue, species and their interactions significantly affected trunk NSC concentration. (2) The concentrations of soluble sugar, starch and total NSC decreased with the increasing radial depth. The concentration of soluble sugars and sugar/starch in bark of non-porous species was significantly higher than those of diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. The concentration of starch and total NSC in sapwood was in the order of ring-porous > diffuse-porous > non diffuse-porous wood species. (3) The ratio of soluble sugars, starch and total NSC concentrations in sapwood to in heartwood was about 1 for non-porous wood species, which was significantly lower than those for diffuse-porous and ring-porous wood species, and the correlation of the starch concentration between sapwood and heartwood of non-porous wood was more significant than that of the other two wood-porous types, indicating that the functional differentiation between sapwood and heartwood was clearer for angiosperms than for gymnosperms. These results revealed that wood porosity influenced storage strategy of NSC in trunks of temperate tree species, and it was necessary to distinguish trunk tissues in the study of the whole-tree NSC storage and the ecophysiological function of trees.

Key words: non-structural carbohydrate, temperate forest, trunk, soluble sugar, starch

董涵君, 王兴昌, 苑丹阳, 柳荻, 刘玉龙, 桑英, 王晓春. 温带不同材性树种树干非结构性碳水化合物的径向分配差异. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(6): 722-734. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

DONG Han-Jun, WANG Xing-Chang, YUAN Dan-Yang, LIU Di, LIU Yu-Long, SANG Ying, WANG Xiao-Chun. Radial distribution differences of non-structural carbohydrates in stems of tree species of different wood in a temperate forest. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(6): 722-734. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0467

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图/表 10

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序号 Code	树种 Tree species	木材孔性 Wood porosity	胸径 DBH (cm)	树皮厚度 Bark width (cm)	边材宽度 Sapwood width (cm)
1	鱼鳞云杉 Picea jezoensis var. microsperma	N	44.40 ± 5.95	>1.20 ± 0.33	>11.15 ± 1.45
2	东北红豆杉 Taxus cuspidata	N	53.70 ± 10.12	>0.43 ± 0.23	>2.27 ± 1.34
3	杜松 Juniperus rigida	N	13.14 ± 2.45	>0.50 ± 0.15	>3.62 ± 0.73
4	赤松 Pinus densiflora	N	43.23 ± 7.15	>1.98 ± 0.91	>11.25 ± 5.38
5	杉松 Abies holophylla	N	43.87 ± 12.16	>1.30 ± 0.63	>7.04 ± 2.16
6	红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	N	50.42 ± 5.44	>1.20 ± 0.21	>22.38 ± 4.47
7	臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis	N	38.40 ± 4.59	>0.92 ± 0.13	>22.03 ± 3.37
8	红松 Pinus koraiensis	N	41.88 ± 3.25	>1.03 ± 0.18	>11.81 ± 3.00
9	黄花落叶松 Larix olgensis	N	42.57 ± 2.01	>1.73 ± 0.23	>7.12 ± 1.34
10	白桦 Betula platyphylla	D	39.35 ± 5.93	>1.22 ± 0.37	>22.24 ± 3.65
11	山杨 Populus davidiana	D	54.60 ± 7.71	>2.58 ± 0.55	>23.66 ± 5.40
12	紫椴 Tilia amurensis	D	51.93 ± 9.87	>2.06 ± 0.39	>24.11 ± 3.13
13	青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	D	23.58 ± 2.26	>0.68 ± 0.10	>9.36 ± 3.16
14	硕桦 Betula costata	D	47.83 ± 6.44	>1.05 ± 0.48	>17.71 ± 2.49
15	黑桦 Betula dahurica	D	51.10 ± 8.50	>3.02 ± 1.01	>24.64 ± 3.27
16	五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	D	41.60 ± 8.81	>1.43 ± 0.31	>19.78 ± 4.39
17	大青杨 Populus ussuriensis	D	52.62 ± 4.42	>1.60 ± 0.45	>15.11 ± 3.67
18	白皮柳 Salix pierotii	D	40.93 ± 7.57	>1.58 ± 0.43	>9.52 ± 1.47
19	辽东桤木 Alnus hirsuta	D	31.31 ± 5.19	>0.67 ± 0.18	>21.82 ± 1.66
20	黑樱桃 Prunus maximowiczii	D	24.05 ± 2.60	>0.60 ± 0.09	>3.41 ± 0.54
21	斑叶稠李 Padus maackii	D	32.45 ± 1.51	>0.62 ± 0.12	>4.08 ± 0.74
22	东北槭 Acer mandshuricum	D	36.17 ± 2.28	>0.90 ± 0.06	>25.32 ± 3.62
23	裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata	R	42.50 ± 7.34	>1.27 ± 0.31	>8.10 ± 1.62
24	大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa	R	26.30 ± 3.11	>1.30 ± 0.30	>3.82 ± 1.29
25	春榆 Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	R	38.76 ± 7.03	>1.20 ± 0.37	>4.02 ± 1.73
26	黄檗 Phellodendron amurense	R	36.28 ± 8.99	>2.60 ± 0.97	>1.66 ± 0.70
27	朝鲜槐 Maackia amurensis	R	21.23 ± 1.92	>0.75 ± 0.08	>0.88 ± 0.09
28	胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	S	38.53 ± 8.04	>1.85 ± 0.88	>7.00 ± 1.41
29	软枣猕猴桃 Actinidia arguta	R	8.47 ± 0.81	>0.75 ± 0.42	>2.27 ± 0.88
30	楤木 Aralia elata	R	12.69 ± 6.63	>0.99 ± 0.33	>0.44 ± 0.16
31	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	R	46.81 ± 3.64	>2.04 ± 0.39	>6.20 ± 1.80
32	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	R	49.02 ± 9.15	>2.23 ± 0.45	>7.95 ± 1.62

序号 Code	树种 Tree species	木材孔性 Wood porosity	胸径 DBH (cm)	树皮厚度 Bark width (cm)	边材宽度 Sapwood width (cm)
1	鱼鳞云杉 Picea jezoensis var. microsperma	N	44.40 ± 5.95	>1.20 ± 0.33	>11.15 ± 1.45
2	东北红豆杉 Taxus cuspidata	N	53.70 ± 10.12	>0.43 ± 0.23	>2.27 ± 1.34
3	杜松 Juniperus rigida	N	13.14 ± 2.45	>0.50 ± 0.15	>3.62 ± 0.73
4	赤松 Pinus densiflora	N	43.23 ± 7.15	>1.98 ± 0.91	>11.25 ± 5.38
5	杉松 Abies holophylla	N	43.87 ± 12.16	>1.30 ± 0.63	>7.04 ± 2.16
6	红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	N	50.42 ± 5.44	>1.20 ± 0.21	>22.38 ± 4.47
7	臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis	N	38.40 ± 4.59	>0.92 ± 0.13	>22.03 ± 3.37
8	红松 Pinus koraiensis	N	41.88 ± 3.25	>1.03 ± 0.18	>11.81 ± 3.00
9	黄花落叶松 Larix olgensis	N	42.57 ± 2.01	>1.73 ± 0.23	>7.12 ± 1.34
10	白桦 Betula platyphylla	D	39.35 ± 5.93	>1.22 ± 0.37	>22.24 ± 3.65
11	山杨 Populus davidiana	D	54.60 ± 7.71	>2.58 ± 0.55	>23.66 ± 5.40
12	紫椴 Tilia amurensis	D	51.93 ± 9.87	>2.06 ± 0.39	>24.11 ± 3.13
13	青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	D	23.58 ± 2.26	>0.68 ± 0.10	>9.36 ± 3.16
14	硕桦 Betula costata	D	47.83 ± 6.44	>1.05 ± 0.48	>17.71 ± 2.49
15	黑桦 Betula dahurica	D	51.10 ± 8.50	>3.02 ± 1.01	>24.64 ± 3.27
16	五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono	D	41.60 ± 8.81	>1.43 ± 0.31	>19.78 ± 4.39
17	大青杨 Populus ussuriensis	D	52.62 ± 4.42	>1.60 ± 0.45	>15.11 ± 3.67
18	白皮柳 Salix pierotii	D	40.93 ± 7.57	>1.58 ± 0.43	>9.52 ± 1.47
19	辽东桤木 Alnus hirsuta	D	31.31 ± 5.19	>0.67 ± 0.18	>21.82 ± 1.66
20	黑樱桃 Prunus maximowiczii	D	24.05 ± 2.60	>0.60 ± 0.09	>3.41 ± 0.54
21	斑叶稠李 Padus maackii	D	32.45 ± 1.51	>0.62 ± 0.12	>4.08 ± 0.74
22	东北槭 Acer mandshuricum	D	36.17 ± 2.28	>0.90 ± 0.06	>25.32 ± 3.62
23	裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata	R	42.50 ± 7.34	>1.27 ± 0.31	>8.10 ± 1.62
24	大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa	R	26.30 ± 3.11	>1.30 ± 0.30	>3.82 ± 1.29
25	春榆 Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	R	38.76 ± 7.03	>1.20 ± 0.37	>4.02 ± 1.73
26	黄檗 Phellodendron amurense	R	36.28 ± 8.99	>2.60 ± 0.97	>1.66 ± 0.70
27	朝鲜槐 Maackia amurensis	R	21.23 ± 1.92	>0.75 ± 0.08	>0.88 ± 0.09
28	胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	S	38.53 ± 8.04	>1.85 ± 0.88	>7.00 ± 1.41
29	软枣猕猴桃 Actinidia arguta	R	8.47 ± 0.81	>0.75 ± 0.42	>2.27 ± 0.88
30	楤木 Aralia elata	R	12.69 ± 6.63	>0.99 ± 0.33	>0.44 ± 0.16
31	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	R	46.81 ± 3.64	>2.04 ± 0.39	>6.20 ± 1.80
32	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	R	49.02 ± 9.15	>2.23 ± 0.45	>7.95 ± 1.62

非结构性碳水化合物 Non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	极差 Range
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	树皮 Bark	7.52^a	3.42	45.43	17.55
	边材 Sapwood	2.04^b	1.08	52.94	5.44
	心材 Heartwood	1.67^b	0.92	55.09	5.47
淀粉 Starch	树皮 Bark	4.78^a	2.98	62.40	18.56
	边材 Sapwood	2.54^b	1.30	51.18	7.71
	心材 Heartwood	1.85^b	1.86	100.54	14.94
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	树皮 Bark	12.33^a	4.52	36.66	25.77
	边材 Sapwood	4.58^b	1.90	41.48	9.95
	心材 Heartwood	3.52^b	2.22	63.07	16.44
可溶性糖与淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar and starch	树皮 Bark	2.13^a	1.65	77.46	9.05
	边材 Sapwood	0.91^b	0.59	64.84	3.31
	心材 Heartwood	1.11^b	0.71	63.96	4.00

非结构性碳水化合物 Non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	极差 Range
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	树皮 Bark	7.52^a	3.42	45.43	17.55
	边材 Sapwood	2.04^b	1.08	52.94	5.44
	心材 Heartwood	1.67^b	0.92	55.09	5.47
淀粉 Starch	树皮 Bark	4.78^a	2.98	62.40	18.56
	边材 Sapwood	2.54^b	1.30	51.18	7.71
	心材 Heartwood	1.85^b	1.86	100.54	14.94
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	树皮 Bark	12.33^a	4.52	36.66	25.77
	边材 Sapwood	4.58^b	1.90	41.48	9.95
	心材 Heartwood	3.52^b	2.22	63.07	16.44
可溶性糖与淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar and starch	树皮 Bark	2.13^a	1.65	77.46	9.05
	边材 Sapwood	0.91^b	0.59	64.84	3.31
	心材 Heartwood	1.11^b	0.71	63.96	4.00

参数 Parameter	变异来源 Source of variation	df	F	p
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	组织 Tissue	2	550.93	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	7.98	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	21.13	<0.01
淀粉 Starch	组织 Tissue	2	112.96	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	16.84	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	12.02	<0.01
总非结构性碳水化合物 Total non-structural carbohydrates	组织 Tissue	2	513.81	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	3.41	0.034
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	11.00	<0.01
可溶性糖/淀粉浓度比 The concentration ratio of soluble sugar to starch	组织 Tissue	2	98.04	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	23.61	<0.01
	组织×木材孔性 Tissue × wood porosity	4	23.38	<0.01

温带不同材性树种树干非结构性碳水化合物的径向分配差异

Radial distribution differences of non-structural carbohydrates in stems of tree species of different wood in a temperate forest

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树种材性 Wood porosity	组织 Tissue	样本数 Sample number	可溶性糖-淀粉间Pearson相关系数 Pearson correlation coefficient between soluble sugar and starch	p
无孔材 Non-porous wood	树皮 Bark	65	0.16	0.22
	边材 Sapwood	65	0.15	0.22
	心材 Heartwood	65	0.10	0.41
散孔材 Diffuse-porous wood	树皮 Bark	85	0.10	0.34
	边材 Sapwood	85	-0.01	0.92
	心材 Heartwood	67	0.47^**	<0.01
环孔材 Ring-porous wood	树皮 Bark	66	0.15	0.22
	边材 Sapwood	67	0.09	0.49
	心材 Heartwood	67	0.36^**	<0.01

木材孔性 Wood porosity	NSC组分 NSC component	样本数 Sample number	树皮-边材 Bark-sapwood	样本数 Sample number	边材-心材 Sapwood-heartwood
无孔材 Non-porous wood	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	65	-0.15	65	-0.12
	淀粉 Starch	65	-0.18	65	0.74^**
	NSC	65	-0.13	65	0.59^**
散孔材 Diffuse-porous wood	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	85	0.10	67	0.45^**
	淀粉 Starch	85	-0.04	67	-0.03
	NSC	85	-0.21	67	0.30^*
环孔材 Ring-porous wood	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	66	0.32^**	64	0.28^*
	淀粉 Starch	66	-0.05	64	0.29^*
	NSC	66	0.36^**	64	0.29^*

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