植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 1573-1584.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0036

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

暖温带森林木本植物展叶始期对低温和热量累积变化的响应

于海英(), 杨莉琳, 付素静, 张志敏, 姚琦馥   

  1. 铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院, 铜仁学院贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室, 贵州铜仁 554300
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-21 接受日期:2022-02-23 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-01-13
  • 通讯作者: *于海英, E-mail: 676988605@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32160287);贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划项目(Qian Education NO. [2017]088);贵州省科技计划项目(Qian Science Basic-ZK[2022] General 560)

Response of leaf-unfolding dates of woody species to variation of chilling and heat accumulation in warm temperate forests

YU Hai-Ying(), YANG Li-Lin, FU Su-Jing, ZHANG Zhi-Min, YAO Qi-Fu   

  1. College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
  • Received:2022-01-21 Accepted:2022-02-23 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2023-01-13
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160287);Talent Support Program for Common Colleges and Universities in Guizhou Province(Qian Education NO. [2017]088);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guizhou Province(Qian Science Basic-ZK[2022] General 560)

摘要:

为了解气候急剧变暖造成的冬春季节的低温和热量积累变化对自然环境中植物春季物候产生的影响, 利用北京东灵山暖温带森林25种木本植物2003-2019年的展叶始期数据, 采用偏最小二乘回归、动力学模型和生长度小时模型等方法模拟了各物种展叶始期所需的低温和热量累积量, 并应用线性回归分析了展叶始期对低温和热量累积变化的响应, 利用单因素方差分析对比了灌木和乔木展叶始期及其对低温和热量累积变化响应的差异。结果显示: (1) 25种木本植物展叶始期的平均低温和热量累积期分别在10月6日至次年3月17日和1月21日至4月26日之间, 平均低温和热量累积量分别为66.16冷激份额(CP)和2 933.12生长度小时(GDH)。(2)展叶始期对低温和热量累积变化的响应敏感度均值分别为每10 CP延迟3.54 d和每1 000 GDH延迟7.09 d, 各有2个和23个物种显著, 说明暖温带木本植物展叶始期主要受热量累积的影响。(3)灌木的展叶始期比乔木早3.87 d, 热量累积比乔木少543.56 GDH, 且展叶始期越早的植物, 所需热量累积也越少, 可能与其采取机会主义生存策略有关。(4)灌木和乔木展叶始期对热量累积的响应敏感度分别为每1 000 GDH延迟8.10和延迟6.13 d, 两者的差异呈边缘显著。这意味着随着气候变暖, 灌木展叶始期提前的速度可能比乔木更快。

关键词: 植物物候, 展叶始期, 气候变暖, 低温累积, 热量累积, 暖温带森林, 木本植物

Abstract:

Aims In recent decades, the rapid climate warming had affected chilling and heat accumulation during winter and spring and made profound changes in plant spring phenology. To date, most related studies focused on either a range of species grown in various gardens or on experimental research, which may be not necessarily applicable to real-world conditions.

Methods By using leaf-unfolding data of 25 woody species during 2003-2019 in warm temperate forests of the Dongling Mountain, Beijing, we simulated the daily chilling and heat accumulation by applying partial least square regression, dynamic model and growing degree hour model. We then analyzed the response of leaf-unfolding dates to the variation of chilling and heat accumulation by linear regressions. Finally, the differences of leaf-unfolding dates and their responses to the variation of chilling and heat accumulation between shrubs and trees were compared by ANOVA.

Important findings The chilling periods of 25 woody species were from October 6 to March 17 of next year, with the forcing periods from January 21 to April 26. The corresponding chilling and heat accumulation were 66.16 chill portion (CP) and 2 933.12 growing degree hour (GDH) on average. The leaf-unfolding dates were delayed 3.54 d per 10 CP and 7.09 d per 1 000 GDH as the chilling and heat accumulation changed, with 2 and 23 species significant, respectively. This indicated that leaf-unfolding dates of woody species in warm temperate zone were mainly affected by heat accumulation. Moreover, the leaf-unfolding dates of shrubs were 3.87 d earlier and required 543.56 GDH less heat than trees. Species leafed earlier required less heat accumulation than those leafed out later, presumably due to the opportunistic strategy adopted by shrubs and early-leafing species. Sensitivity of leaf-unfolding dates of shrubs to heat accumulation (delayed 8.10 d per 1 000 GDH) existed marginally significant difference with trees (delayed 6.13 d per 1 000 GDH), which implied that leaf-unfolding dates of shrubs might advance faster than trees as global warming progresses.

Key words: plant phenology, leaf-unfolding date, climate warming, chilling accumulation, heat accumulation, warm temperate forests, woody species