桑苗非结构性碳水化合物和生长激素对水淹胁迫的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0453

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

桑(Morus alba)具有较强的耐水淹特性, 为了探究水淹胁迫对其非结构性碳水化合物和生长激素的影响, 揭示变化规律, 该研究采取室内模拟水淹实验, 以三年生盆栽桑苗作为研究对象, 设置对照组(CK)、根淹组(GY)、浅淹组(QY)、深淹组(SY)等4个不同水淹胁迫的处理, 定期观测并记录桑苗叶片非结构性碳水化合物(可溶性糖和淀粉)含量、内源生长激素(乙烯、脱落酸、赤霉素)含量变化情况。研究结果表明: (1)水淹胁迫会促进桑苗叶片内的生化反应, 造成叶片可溶性糖含量增加。水淹75天, GY、QY、SY桑苗叶片可溶性糖含量较水淹前分别增加182.18%、170.21%和94.16%, 差异显著, 且显著高于CK。水淹胁迫下桑苗叶片淀粉含量在水淹0-50天无显著变化, 水淹75天, GY、QY、SY桑苗叶片淀粉含量较水淹50天分别增加290.84%、244.65%和130.04%, 差异显著, 且显著高于CK。(2)水淹胁迫下桑苗叶片乙烯和赤霉素含量均显著增加, 水淹75天, GY和SY桑苗乙烯含量较水淹前分别增加62.80%和26.78%, 差异显著; GY、QY和SY桑苗赤霉素含量分别增加27.48%、18.02%和25.04%, 差异显著。随着水淹时间增加, GY和SY桑苗乙烯和赤霉素含量总体均呈增加趋势, QY桑苗乙烯和赤霉素含量先增后减, 但仍高于水淹前。水淹胁迫下水淹各组桑苗叶片脱落酸含量随着水淹深度的增加而增加, 水淹75天, QY和SY桑苗叶片脱落酸含量较水淹前分别增加19.20%和36.16%, 差异显著; GY桑苗脱落酸含量无显著变化。上述研究结果表明桑苗可通过调整体内非结构性碳水化合物(可溶性糖和淀粉)的含量和分配, 同时通过积累乙烯、赤霉素、脱落酸等内源激素以适应水淹环境, 具有较强耐淹能力。

关键词: 桑, 幼苗, 水淹胁迫, 非结构性碳水化合物, 生长激素

Abstract:

Aims Mulberry (Morus alba) trees are known to be strongly water-tolerant. This study aims to understand flooding stress affects on mulberry’ non-structural carbohydrates and growth hormone.
Methods This study conducted an indoor simulated water flooding experiment using triennial potted mulberry saplings which were divided into four groups by different water conditions: the control group (CK), root submerged group (GY), shallowly submerged group (QY) and deep submerged group (SY). The content of non-structural carbohydrate (soluble sugar and starch) and endogenous growth hormone (ethylene, abscisic acid and gibberellin) in mulberry’ leaves were recorded regularly.
Important findings The research result suggested: (1) Flooding stress promoted endogenous chemical reactions within leaves of mulberry, resulting in increased content of soluble sugar in leaves. After 75 days of submergence, the content of soluble sugar in leaves of all groups (GY, QY and SY) increased by 182.18%, 170.21% and 94.16%, respectively compared with no-submergence conditions flooding; the difference was significant and the content was significantly higher than that of the CK. Under flooding stress, the leaf starch content did not change significantly from 0-50 days. After 75 days of submergence, the starch content of all groups (GY, QY and SY) increased by 290.84%, 244.65% and 130.04% compared with that at the 50 days; the difference was significant and the content was significantly higher than that of the CK group in the same period. (2) Flooding stress resulted in a significant increase in the content of ethylene and gibberellin in mulberry’ leaves. After 75 days of submergence, the content of ethylene in GY and SY increased by 62.80% and 26.78%, respectively compared with that no-flooding; the content of gibberellin in GY, QY and SY increased by 27.48%, 18.02% and 25.04%, respectively, suggesting significant difference. With the increased duration of submergence, the content of ethylene and gibberellin in GY and SY also increased, while the content of ethylene and gibberellin in QY first increased and then decreased but was still higher than the content non-flooding at the beginning of the experiment. Under flooding stress, the content of abscisic acid in leaves of all groups increased with the depth of submergence. After 75 days of submergence, the content of abscisic acid in QY and SY increased by 19.20% and 36.16%, respectively compared with that on day zero; the content of abscisic acid in GY did not change significantly, demonstrating the strongest resistance to submergence. Our research results suggest that mulberry are a species with strong resistance to submergence and can adapt to flooding stress by regulating the content and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates (soluble sugar and starch) and accumulating endogenous hormones such as ethylene, gibberellin and abscisic acid.

Key words: Morus alba, seedling, flooding stress, non-structural carbohydrate, growth hormone

李思源, 张照鑫, 饶良懿. 桑苗非结构性碳水化合物和生长激素对水淹胁迫的响应. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(3): 311-320. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0453

LI Si-Yuan, ZHANG Zhao-Xin, RAO Liang-Yi. Responses of non-structural carbohydrates and growth hormone in Morus alba seedlings to flooding stress. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(3): 311-320. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0453

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0453

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I3/311

图/表 3

图1 水淹胁迫对桑苗叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同小写字母表示在相同水淹时间不同水淹深度下有显著差异(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示在相同水淹深度不同水淹时间下有显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of flooding stress on the non-structured carbohydrate content of Morus alba seedling leaves (mean ± SD). CK, GY, QY, SY mean control check group, root submerged group, shallowly submerged group and deep submerged group, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences under the same flooding time and different flooding depths (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences under the same flooding depth and different flooding times (p < 0.05).

图2 水淹胁迫对桑苗叶片非结构性碳水化合物含量百分比的影响。CK、GY、QY、SY分别为对照组、根淹组、浅淹组和深淹组。

Fig. 2 Effect of flooding stress on the percentage of the non-structured carbohydrates content in mulberry seedling leaves. CK, GY, QY, SY mean control group, root submerged group, shallowly submerged group and deep submerged group, respectively.

图3 水淹胁迫对桑苗叶片内源激素含量的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同小写字母表示在相同水淹时间不同水淹深度下有显著差异(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示在相同水淹深度不同水淹时间下有显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of flooding stress on endogenous hormone content of Morus alba seedling leaves (mean ± SD). CK, GY, QY, SY mean control group, root submerged group, shallowly submerged group and deep submerged group, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences under the same flooding time and different flooding depths (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences under the same flooding depth and different flooding times (p < 0.05).

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