宏观生态学中的植物功能性状研究: 历史与发展趋势

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0111

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 21-40.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0111

宏观生态学中的植物功能性状研究: 历史与发展趋势

刘聪聪¹^,²^,³, 何念鹏³^,⁶^,^*(), 李颖⁴, 张佳慧³, 闫镤³, 王若梦³, 王瑞丽⁵

¹民族地区生态环境国家民委重点实验室(中央民族大学), 北京 100081
²中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081
³中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
⁴北京林业大学草业与草原学院, 北京 100083
⁵西北农林科技大学林学院, 陕西杨凌 712100
⁶中国科学院兴安岭地球关键带与地表通量观测研究站, 黑龙江塔河 165200

收稿日期:2023-04-24 接受日期:2023-08-09 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2023-08-09
通讯作者: *(henp@igsnrr.ac.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32201311);国家自然科学基金(31988102);中国科学院青年基础研究项目(YSBR-037);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY101300)

Current and future trends of plant functional traits in macro-ecology

LIU Cong-Cong¹^,²^,³, HE Nian-Peng³^,⁶^,^*(), LI Ying⁴, ZHANG Jia-Hui³, YAN Pu³, WANG Ruo-Meng³, WANG Rui-Li⁵

¹Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100081, China
²College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
³Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
⁴College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
⁵College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
⁶Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing’an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Science, Tahe, Heilongjiang 165200, China

Received:2023-04-24 Accepted:2023-08-09 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2023-08-09
Contact: *(henp@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201311);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31988102);CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-037);National Science and Technology Basic Resources Survey Program of China(2019FY101300)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物功能性状通常是指能直接或间接影响植物生长、存活和繁殖的形态学、生理学和物候学等相对稳定和可测量的特征参数。经过多年发展, 植物功能性状的定义、内涵以及测量手段已经科学化和规范化, 人们利用在不同地点、不同时间测定的数据, 深入阐述了植物功能性状的种内与种间变异、区域乃至全球植物功能性状的空间变异规律及其调控机制、多种功能性状间的协同与权衡以及植物功能性状的演化等。随着20世纪90年代开始的大尺度和全球整合型植物功能性状数据库的逐步建成, 植物功能性状的研究已经不再局限于个体、特定群落和局域尺度: 一方面, 区域和全球的植物功能性状生物地理学研究蓬勃发展; 另一方面, 植物功能性状研究也逐步被拓展到群落物种共存机制、生态系统功能形成与变异等的机理解释。随着植物功能性状研究逐步深入到复杂的自然群落或生态系统, 科研人员发现传统“零星数据收集性数据库”难以很好地满足相关数据要求, 迫切需要考虑与群落复杂性和植物不同器官功能性状相匹配的新型数据库, 该数据库的基本要求和特色是基于原位群落调查和多种功能性状协同测量。随着科学概念和新型数据库的发展, 相关研究呈现出如下发展趋势: 1)进一步强调了植物不同器官间功能性状的协同机制与权衡关系, 并力争从植物整体观探讨植物对资源环境变化的响应与适应机制; 2)强调多种功能性状对资源环境变化的多维度响应与适应机制, 发展了植物功能性状网络理论体系和技术手段; 3)强调了植物群落结构复杂性, 利用群落内部植物功能性状的分布和功能多样性指数探究群落构建机制; 4)完善了植物功能性状从器官-物种-群落-生态系统拓展理论体系, 进一步搭建了以植物群落功能性为核心的宏观生态学与宏观地学等多学科的桥梁。这些新发展趋势, 让传统功能性状研究逐步深入地走进自然生态系统、社会系统和经济系统, 进而推动以功能性状为基础的整合生态学快速发展, 服务于区域生态环境问题的解决。

关键词: 性状, 功能性状, 植物群落性状, 功能性状网络, 生物地理格局, 适应, 响应

Abstract:

Plant functional traits are generally defined as relatively stable and measurable morphological, physiological, and phenological characteristics of plants that can indirectly affect plant growth, reproduction, and survival. Years of development have enabled the standardization of the definition, connotation, and measurement methods of plant functional traits. Now, the intraspecific and interspecific variation, biogeographic patterns, coordination, and the evolution of plant functional traits have been well explored. The gradual development of global plant functional trait databases since the 1990s has led to the expansion of plant functional traits beyond individual and local scales. Regional and global biogeographical studies on plant functional traits are gradually exploring community species coexistence mechanisms and maintenance of ecosystem functions. Researchers have found that traditional plant trait databases, which were created from published studies, have insufficient data to provide answers to questions about natural ecosystems. Therefore, constructing a plant trait database that considers compatibility and orderliness is crucial. As new databases and scientific concepts have emerged, the following areas have become the focus of studies on plant functional traits: 1) coordination between functional traits of different plant organs, and holistic examination of plant response to environmental changes; 2) multi-dimensional response and adaptation of various plant functional traits, and proposal of the concept of a plant trait network; 3) consideration of the complexity of plant community structure, and exploration of community assembly using plant functional diversity and trait moments; and 4) refinement of the scaling method for different levels of ecological organization, and recognition of plant community and ecosystem traits as critical bridges between plant traits and macroecology. These directions have pushed for the application of traditional functional trait research to natural, social, and economic systems, thus promoting the rapid development of trait-based studies to further solve regional eco-environmental problems.

Key words: trait, functional trait, plant community trait, functional trait network, biogeographical pattern, adaptation, response

刘聪聪, 何念鹏, 李颖, 张佳慧, 闫镤, 王若梦, 王瑞丽. 宏观生态学中的植物功能性状研究: 历史与发展趋势. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(1): 21-40. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0111

LIU Cong-Cong, HE Nian-Peng, LI Ying, ZHANG Jia-Hui, YAN Pu, WANG Ruo-Meng, WANG Rui-Li. Current and future trends of plant functional traits in macro-ecology. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(1): 21-40. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0111

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0111

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I1/21

图/表 8

图1 性状定义的发展历程。

Fig. 1 Development of trait definitions.

表1 与植物功能性状规范化测量和名称统一化相关的论著

Table 1 Papers related to standardized measurement and name unification of functional traits

题目 Title	期刊 Journal	文献 Reference
A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide	Australian Journal of Botany	Cornelissen et al., 2003
New handbook for standardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide	Australian Journal of Botany	Pérez-Harguindeguy et al., 2013
A handbook for the standardised sampling of plant functional traits in disturbance-prone ecosystems, with a focus on open ecosystems	Australian Journal of Botany	Wigley et al., 2020
A starting guide to root ecology: strengthening ecological concepts and standardising root classification, sampling, processing and trait measurements	New Phytologist	Freschet et al., 2021
Towards a thesaurus of plant characteristics: an ecological contribution	Journal of Ecology	Garnier et al., 2017
A unique web resource for physiology, ecology and the environmental sciences: PrometheusWiki.	Functional Plant Biology	Sack et al., 2010

图2 植物功能性状相关文章发文量动态变化。

Fig. 2 Changes in annual scientific publications related to plant functional trait.

图3 植物功能性状对生态系统过程和功能的影响。

Fig. 3 Influence of plant functional traits on ecosystem processes and functioning.

图4 植物功能性状研究的多维度拓展趋势。

Fig. 4 Multi-dimensional expansion of plant functional traits in future.

图5 基于植物群落功能性状的生态系统生产力时空变异预测新模式。

Fig. 5 Using plant community functional traits to predict the spatio-temporal variability of ecosystem productivity.

图6 以群落功能性状为基础建立生态系统尺度植物-动物-微生物关系的研究框架。

Fig. 6 A framework to explore plants-animals-microorganisms interactions on basis of plant community functional traits.

图7 以群落功能性状为核心构建整合生态学研究的理论框架。虚线代表“结构—过程—功能—服务”间的连接, 实线表示通过生态系统功能性状连接“结构—过程—功能—服务”。

Fig. 7 New framework of integrative ecology based on plant community functional traits. The dotted line represents the connection between “structure--process--function--service” and the solid line represents the connection between “structure--process--function--service” and ecosystem functional traits.

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宏观生态学中的植物功能性状研究: 历史与发展趋势

Current and future trends of plant functional traits in macro-ecology

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