四倍体刺槐的抗盐性

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以四倍体刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)为主要试验材料,以二倍体刺槐为对照材料,在两种盐胁迫下,对苗木的形态、生理生化、光合特性和解剖结构等指标的变化规律进行了研究。利用NaCl和Na₂SO₄盐溶液对两种刺槐进行盐处理,在30 d后每7 d处理1次,共处理4次,并在处理前和处理后每7 d进行各项指标的测定。结果发现:1)在盐胁迫下二倍体刺槐的植株生长受到强烈抑制,叶片含水量和叶绿素含量显著低于对照,有明显的盐害症状;对四倍体刺槐植株的生长影响较小,叶片含水量和叶绿素含量也与对照差异不显著,无盐害症状。2)四倍体刺槐经过盐处理后相对电导率和脯氨酸(Proline, Pro)含量虽然也稍有上升,但与对照相比未达到显著水平,而二倍体刺槐显著高于对照;同时作为保护酶系统的过氧化物酶(Peroxidase, POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase, CAT)在四倍体刺槐经盐胁迫后期也保持了较高的活性,从而提高了其抗盐性,而对盐敏感的二倍体刺槐3个保护酶活性均较低。3)经盐胁迫后对四倍体刺槐光合特性影响不大,净光合速率(Net photosynthetic rate, P_n)和胞间CO₂浓度(Intercellular CO₂ concentration, C_i)均无显著变化,而二倍体刺槐P_n和C_i显著下降。4)经盐胁迫后四倍体刺槐在解剖结构上做出了积极的反应:叶肉栅栏组织拉长、排列更为紧密、海绵组织变小、排列紧密。而二倍体刺槐出现了相反的现象。综合以上分析认为:四倍体刺槐具有较强的抗盐性。

关键词: 四倍体刺槐, 二倍体刺槐, 盐胁迫, 抗盐性

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to compare tetraploid vs. diploid Robinia pseudoacacia for salt stress effects on their morphology, physiology, physiobiology, photosynthesis and anatomy.

Methods We grew tetraploid and diploid R. pseudoacacia treated four times with two salts, NaCl and Na₂SO₄, and untreated diploid R. pseudoacacia as a control. After 30 days, we examined them every 7 days.

Important findings The growth of diploid R. pseudoacacia was restrained, its water content and chlorophyll content had obvious differences to the control, and salt injury was eventually observed. The water content and chlorophyll content of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia had no obvious differences to the control, and salt injury was not observed. Relative REC (Relative conductivity) and Pro (Proline) activity of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia increased slightly, but were not different from the control. Relative REC and Pro activity in treated diploid R. pseudoacacia were higher than the control. The protective systems of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) retained higher activity at late periods in tetraploid R. pseudoacacia under salt stress, which contributed to salt tolerance, but they retained lower activity in treated diploid R. pseudoacacia. Photosynthesis in tetraploid R. pseudoacacia was not affected by salt stress, as net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) were unchanged, but changes did occur in diploid R. pseudoacacia. The leaf anatomy of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia changed, e.g., palisade cells were longer and more densely packed and spongy mesophyll cells were more densely packed. Based on these findings, tetraploid R. pseudoacacia had stronger salt tolerance.

Key words: tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia, diploid R. pseudoacacia, salt stress, salt resistance

孟凡娟, 王秋玉, 王建中, 李淑艳, 王疆江. 四倍体刺槐的抗盐性. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(3): 654-663. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.03.015

MENG Fan-Juan, WANG Qiu-Yu, WANG Jian-Zhong, LI Shu-Yan, WANG Jiang-Jiang. SALT RESISTANCE OF TETRAPLOID ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(3): 654-663. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.03.015

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.03.015

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I3/654

图/表 6

图1 盐胁迫对植株形态指标增长幅度的影响 CK1: 二倍体刺槐对照 Diploid Robinia pseudoacacia without treatment CK2: 四倍体刺槐对照 Tetraploid R. pseudoacacia without treatment EL: NaCl处理的二倍体刺槐 Diploid R. pseudoacacia treated by NaCl SL: NaCl处理的四倍体刺槐 Tetraploid R. pseudoacacia treated by NaCl ES: NaSO4处理的二倍体刺槐 Diploid R. pseudoacacia treated by NaSO4 SS: NaSO4处理的四倍体刺槐 Tetraploid R. pseudoacacia treated by NaSO4

Fig.1 Effects of salt stress on plant increase breadth

表1 盐胁迫下叶片总叶绿素含量、鲜重、干重和含水量比较(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Comparison of total chlorophyll content, fresh weight, dry weight and water content of leaf under salt stress (Mean±SD)

不同处理 Different treatments	总叶绿素含量 Total chlorophyll content (mg·g^-1 FW)	叶片鲜重 Leaf fresh weight (mg)	叶片干重 Leaf dry weight (mg)	叶片含水量 Leaf water content (%)
CK1	0.78±0.08^a	0.26±0.01^a	0.03±0.001^a	88.46±0.02^a
CK2	0.80±0.03^a	0.22±0.01^a	0.03±0.005^a	86.36±0.06^a
SS	0.72±0.05^a	0.14±0.03^b	0.02±0.002^a	85.71±0.03^a
SL	0.83±0.06^a	0.18±0.02^ab	0.03±0.001^a	83.33±0.01^a
EL	0.58±0.02^b	0.25±0.04^a	0.05±0.001^a	80.00±0.04^c
ES	0.35±0.02^c	0.13±0.02^b	0.03±0.002^a	76.92±0.05^b

图2 盐胁迫对相对电导率(REC)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量的影响 CK1、CK2、SS、SL、EL、ES: 同图1

Fig.2 Effects of salt stress on relative relative conductivity (REC) and proline (Pro) content of leaves CK1、CK2、SS、SL、EL、ES: See Fig. 1

图3 盐胁迫对叶片POD、SOD和CAT活性的影响 CK1、CK2、SS、SL、EL、ES: 同图1 See Fig. 1 CAT: 过氧化氢酶 Catalase POD: 过氧化物酶 Peroxidase SOD: 超氧化物歧化酶 Superoxide dismutase

Fig.3 Effects of salt stress on POD, SOD and CAT activities of leaves

图4 盐胁迫对净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和气孔限制值(Ls)的影响 CK1、CK2、EL、ES、SL、SS: 同图1 See Fig. 1 Pn: Net photosynthetic rate Ci: Intercellular CO2 concentration Gs: Stomotal conductance Ls: Pore limitation value

Fig.4 Effects of salt stress on Pn, Gs, Ci and Ls

图5 盐胁迫下CK1 (A)、CK2 (B)、EL (D)、ES (C)、SL (E)、SS (F)的叶片解剖结构图片 (×20) CK1、CK2、EL、ES、SL、SS: 同图1

Fig.5 The anatomical characteristics of leaves under different treatments (CK1 (A), CK2 (B), EL (D), ES (C), SL (E), SS (F)) (×20) CK1、CK2、EL、ES、SL、SS: See Fig. 1

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