三江平原湿地小叶章生产力模拟模型

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0107

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用气象台站的常规观测资料,依据植物生长模拟理论,以d为步长,建立了湿地小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)植被生产力动态模拟模型。该模型包括3个子模块:1)光合作用与呼吸作用;2)干物质积累;3)同化物分配,主要考虑了温度和积水因子对植物生长的影响。并利用实测资料对该模型进行了检验,结果表明:小叶章地上活体、枯落物、茎、叶各器官枯落物的模拟值与实测值之间均呈极显著的线性相关(R²分别为0.98、0.99、0.99和0.92)。在相邻区域的检验结果也表明,季节性积水沼泽化草甸小叶章的地上生物量明显高于常年积水沼泽。两类湿地小叶章地上生物量的模拟值与实测值之间均呈极显著线性相关(R²分别为0.66和0.79)。相近区域长期定位观测点连续2年的模拟结果与实测值之间也具有极显著的线性相关(R²分别为0.97和0.76)。

关键词: 湿地生态系统, 三江平原, 生物量, 模拟模型

Abstract:

Background and Aims Carbon sequestration in ecosystems is determined largely by primary production of ecosystems. The application of long-term observation of vegetation biomass limits ecological and global change research. Therefore, it is necessary to apply simulation models to estimate an ecosystem's input of organic carbon and forecast the impact of climate change.

Methods Based on the principles of plant physiology, a simulation model was developed to simulate primary production of Deyeuxia angustifolia in wetland ecosystems. It is driven by conventional parameters observed from meteorological stations. This model consists of three main function modules: photosynthesis-respiration, accumulation of assimilated matter and distribution of assimilated matter. The effects of temperature, waterlogging and increased concentration of atmosphere CO₂ on the growth of D. angustifolia were taken into account in this model. The model was validated by comparing observed and simulated data of aboveground living and litter biomass of D. angustifolia.

Key Results The dynamics of aboveground living biomass, total litter, stem litter and leaf litter of D. angustifolia were simulated correctly. The liner correlation between simulated and observed values was highly significant.

Conclusions Validation results from an adjacent area and a field experiment station also showed that the simulated values were significantly correlated with observed values in seasonally and permanently waterlogged D. angustifolia ecosystems. Daily changes of primary production, biomass and liter of D. angustifolia in wetland ecosystems could be effectively simulated by this model.

Key words: Wetland ecosystem, Sanjiang Plain, Biomass, Simulating model

张文菊, 童成立, 刘守龙, 宋长春, 吴金水. 三江平原湿地小叶章生产力模拟模型. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(5): 844-851. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0107

ZHANG Wen-Ju, TONG Cheng-Li, LIU Shou-Long, SONG Chang-Chun, WU Jin-Shui. A MODEL TO SIMULATE NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF DEYEUXIA ANGUSTIFOLIA IN WETLANDS IN SANJIANG PLAIN, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(5): 844-851. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0107

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0107

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I5/844

图/表 8

表1 模型检验实测数据来源

Table 1 Observed data resource for the model validation

地点 Site	时间 Time	经纬度 Geographic position	数据类型 Data type	数据来源 Data resource
黑龙江宝清原种场 Original breed farm in Baoqing, Heilongjiang Province	1988~1989	46°19' N, 132°11' E	气象数据 Meteorological data	国家气象站(宝清站) National meteorological station (Baoqing)
			生物量 Biomass	马克平, 1993; 马克平等, 1993
黑龙江宝清七星河乡 Qixinghe, Baoqing, Heilongjiang Province	1992~1993	46°45' N, 132°05' E	气象数据 Meteorological data	国家气象站(宝清站) National meteorological station (Baoqing)
			生物量 Biomass	倪红伟等, 1999
三江平原沼泽湿地生态试验站 Swamp ecological experiment station in Sanjiang Plain	2003~2004	47°35' N, 133°17' E	气象数据 Meteorological data	三江平原沼泽湿地生态试验站 Swamp ecological experiment station in Sanjiang Plain
			生物量 Biomass	三江平原沼泽湿地生态试验站 Swamp ecological experiment station in Sanjiang Plain

表2 湿地植被生产力模拟模型主要参数来源

Table 2 Parameters for simulating model of vegetation primary productivity in wetlands

模型参数 Parameters of model	数值 Value	来源与说明 References and note
消光系数 Extinction coefficient (k)	0.5	刘以连和丑自明,1994
叶片透射率 Leaf transmissivity (m)	0.12	刘以连和丑自明,1994
光合作用响应曲线初始斜率 Initial slope of photosynthesis response curve (α)	12×10^-6	France & Thornley, 1991
CO₂传导系数 CO₂ Conductivity coefficient (τ)	0.002	France & Thornley, 1991
地上部分维持呼吸系 Aboveground maintenance respiration coefficient (k₁)	0.015	de Penning Vries & van Laar, 1986
地下部分维持呼吸系数 Underground maintenance respiration coefficient (k₂)	0.022	de Penning Vries & van Laar, 1986
生长呼吸系数 Growth Respiration coefficient (Cg)	0.30	de Penning Vries & van Laar, 1986
呼吸作用的温度系数 Temperature coefficient (Q₁₀)	2.0	黄耀等,2005
总辐射对光合有效辐射的转换系数 Coefficient of total radiation to PAR (C_Q)	0.5	周允华,1988

图1 三江平原草甸生态系统植被小叶章地上生物量动态模拟 a:地上活体生物量 Aboveground living biomass b:地上枯落物 Aboveground litter biomass c:地上茎、叶枯落物(实线为模拟值,符点为实测值) Aboveground litter biomass from stem and leaf (Real line for the simulated data, symbol for the observed data) -○-: 茎枯落物 Stem litter -●-: 叶枯落物 Leaf litter 实测值引自马克平(1993)和马克平等(1993) Observed data from Ma (1993), Ma et al.(1993)

Fig.1 Simulating aboveground biomass of typical wetland vegetation (Deyeuxia angustifolia) in the meadow of Sanjiang Plain

图2 三江平原草甸生态系统植被小叶章模拟值与实测值的拟合关系 a:地上活体生物量 Aboveground living biomass b:地上枯落物 Aboveground litter biomass c:地上茎、叶枯落物 Aboveground litter biomass from stem and leaf -○-: 茎枯落物 Stem litter -●-: 叶枯落物 Leaf litter 实测值引自马克平(1993)和马克平等(1993) Observed data from Ma (1993), Ma et al.(1993)

Fig.2 Correlation between simulated and observed of Deyeuxia angustifolia in the meadow of Sanjiang Plain

图3 三江平原典型湿地小叶章群落地上活体生物量动态模拟 a:季节性积水沼泽 Seasonally waterlogged b:常年积水沼泽 Permanently waterlogged 实线为模拟值,符点为实测值 Real line for the simulated data, symbol for the observed data 实测值引自倪红伟等(1999) Observed data from Ni et al.(1999)

Fig.3 Simulating abovegroundliving biomass of Deyeuxia angustifolia in two typical wetlands in Sanjiang Plain

图4 湿地生态系统植被小叶章地上生物量模拟值与实测值的拟合关系 a:季节性积水沼泽 Seasonally waterlogged b:常年积水沼泽 Permanently waterlogged 实测值引自倪红伟等(1999) Observed data from Ni et al.(1999)

Fig.4 Correlation between simulated and observed data of Deyeuxia angustifolia in two typical wetlands in Sanjiang Plain

图5 三江平原沼泽化草甸小叶章群落地上活体生物量动态模拟实线为模拟值,符点为实测值

Fig.5 Simulating aboveground living biomass of Deyeuxia angustifolia in the marshy meadow in Sanjiang Plain

图6 三江平原沼泽化草甸小叶章地上生物量模拟值与实测值的拟合关系

Fig.6 Correlation between simulated and observed data of Deyeuxia angustifolia in the marshy meadow in Sanjiang Plain

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