珠芽蓼种群克隆多样性及克隆结构的初步研究

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0072

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)是青藏高原东缘广泛分布的克隆植物,具有有性和无性(根状茎和珠芽)两种生殖方式。该研究采用RAPD技术对分布于不同海拔的珠芽蓼7个自然种群进行了克隆结构和克隆多样性(是单克隆种群还是多克隆种群)以及克隆多样性与海拔因子之间的相关性研究,为了解高山克隆植物对环境的适应性策略及揭示克隆植物的繁殖和分布特点提供科学依据。研究结果表明:1)采用13条RAPD引物对珠芽蓼7个种群共140个样本进行扩增分析,共扩增到117个位点,其中多态性位点84个,多态位点百分率PPL达到71.79%,检测到43个基因型,且全部为局限型基因型;2)与Ellstrand和Roose(1987)总结的克隆植物的克隆多样性平均值相比(PD=0.17,D=0.62),珠芽蓼种群克隆多样性水平稍高,Simpson指数平均为0.639,基因型比率PD平均为0.307;3)克隆结构分析表明,珠芽蓼种群内克隆之间的镶嵌明显,这可能与珠芽蓼过渡型的克隆构型有关。研究中珠芽蓼种群的构型有游击型、密集型以及这两者之间的过渡类型;4)采用SPSS软件对珠芽蓼种群的克隆多样性与海拔高度进行相关性分析,结果显示它们之间并无明显的相关性。

关键词: 珠芽蓼, 克隆植物, 克隆多样性, 克隆结构, RAPD

Abstract:

Aims Polygonum viviparum, which is widely distributed in eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, is a clonal plant species with two modes of reproduction, clonal propagation by below-ground rhizomes and bulbils and sexual by seeds. This study investigated clonal structure and diversity (monoclonal or multiclonal population) and the relationship between clonal diversity and the altitude. Our objective was to examine the adaptive strategy of alpine plants to varied environments and establish a foundation for understanding reproduction and distribution of clonal plants.
Methods We selected seven populations in eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau along an altitudinal gradient and sampled 20 individuals in each population with at least 1 m between individuals to avoid individuals from the same clone. We employed random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology for studying clonal structure and diversity and analyzed the relationship between clonal diversity and altitude by SPSS software.
Important findings We selected 13 random primers for amplification and found 117 repetitive loci with 84 polymorphic loci (total average percentage of polymorphic loci was 71.79%). We differentiated 43 RAPD genotypes among the 140 plants sampled. Mean Simpson's index was 0.639, and mean PD was 0.307, slightly higher than the mean of Ellstrand (PD=0.17, D=0.62). There was a clear mosaic among P. viviparum clones, probably because of diverse clonal structure. The formations of P. viviparum populations included guerilla, phalanx and a transitional type. Clonal diversity was independent of altitude.

Key words: Polygonum viviparum, clonal plant, clonal diversity, clonal structure, RAPD

陆建英, 马瑞君, 孙坤. 珠芽蓼种群克隆多样性及克隆结构的初步研究. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(4): 561-567. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0072

LU Jian-Ying, MA Rui-Jun, SUN Kun. CLONAL DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE IN POLYGONUM VIVIPARUM. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(4): 561-567. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0072

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I4/561

图/表 8

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种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	采样个数 No. of sample	生境 Habitats
P1	2 500	25	山上 On the Mountain
P2	3 900	25	路边草地 Roodside meadow
P3	3 400	25	草地 Meadow
P4	3 150	20	草地 Meadow
P5	3 000	27	湿地 March
P6	2 900	24	湿地 March
P7	2 000	25	河滩 Beach

种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	采样个数 No. of sample	生境 Habitats
P1	2 500	25	山上 On the Mountain
P2	3 900	25	路边草地 Roodside meadow
P3	3 400	25	草地 Meadow
P4	3 150	20	草地 Meadow
P5	3 000	27	湿地 March
P6	2 900	24	湿地 March
P7	2 000	25	河滩 Beach

引物 Primer	序列(5'-3') Sequence (5'-3')	DNA总位点数 Total number of loci	多态位点数 No. of polymorphic loci
S5	TGCGCCCTTC	10	7
S8	GTCCACACGG	13	7
S12	CCTTGACGCA	7	6
S13	TTCCCCCGCT	8	6
S223	CTCCCTGCAA	7	4
S393	ACCGCCTGCT	8	5
S494	GGACGCTTCA	10	6
S500	TCGCCCAGTC	11	7
S1102	ACTTGACGGG	10	8
S1107	AACCGCGGCA	7	6
S1156	CACAACGGGA	10	9
S1420	CTTCTCGGAC	8	7
S2113	CCGCCGGTAA	8	6

引物 Primer	序列(5'-3') Sequence (5'-3')	DNA总位点数 Total number of loci	多态位点数 No. of polymorphic loci
S5	TGCGCCCTTC	10	7
S8	GTCCACACGG	13	7
S12	CCTTGACGCA	7	6
S13	TTCCCCCGCT	8	6
S223	CTCCCTGCAA	7	4
S393	ACCGCCTGCT	8	5
S494	GGACGCTTCA	10	6
S500	TCGCCCAGTC	11	7
S1102	ACTTGACGGG	10	8
S1107	AACCGCGGCA	7	6
S1156	CACAACGGGA	10	9
S1420	CTTCTCGGAC	8	7
S2113	CCGCCGGTAA	8	6

种群 Population	样本大小(N) Sample size	种群基株(G) Number of genets	平均克隆大(N/G) Average size of genotype	基因型比率(PD) Proportion of distinct genotypes	Simpson多样性指数(D) Simpson diversity index	均匀度(E) Fager's evenness
P1	20	10	2.000	0.500	0.879	0.712
P2	20	8	2.500	0.400	0.816	0.684
P3	20	4	5.000	0.200	0.500	0.427
P4	20	5	4.000	0.250	0.800	0.911
P5	20	7	2.857	0.350	0.689	0.441
P6	20	4	5.000	0.200	0.284	0.000
P7	20	5	4.000	0.250	0.505	0.288
平均Mean	20	6	3.622	0.307	0.639	0.495