鼎湖山主要森林土壤N2O排放及其对模拟N沉降的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0114

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了鼎湖山生物圈保护区马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林、混交林和季风常绿阔叶林(季风林)土壤N₂O排放特征及其对氮沉降增加的响应。在1999~2002年期间,3种森林土壤N₂O排放速率均表现明显的季节性变化特点,但这种季节性变化因年份和森林类型不同而异,总的来说,3种森林土壤N₂O排放速率呈现夏秋季较高而冬春季较低的变化。土壤N₂O排放速率在3年观测期间的平均值分别为(g·hm^-2·d^-1):14.2±3.1(季风林),5.8±0.9(混交林)和5.1±0.9(马尾松林)。土壤N₂O排放速率与土壤温度之间在季风林呈现显著的指数正相关关系,但在混交林和马尾松林中它们之间的关系则均不明显。经3个月的模拟氮沉降试验后,氮沉降增加对季风林和马尾松林土壤N₂O的排放均具有明显的促进作用,且这种促进作用随氮沉降水平的升高而增强,但对混交林土壤N₂O排放的影响则不明显。

关键词: N₂O排放, N沉降, 响应, 南亚热带森林

Abstract:

Background and Aims Most studies of the consequences of enhanced nitrogen deposition on sources and sinks of greenhouse gases have been performed in temperate ecosystems. Little information is available about greenhouse gases and responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition in subtropical and tropical forests, especially in the forests of China. The objective of this study was to determine soil N₂O emission and its response to simulated N deposition in pine forest (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed forest (MF), and monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest (MEBF) of Dinghushan in subtropical China.

Methods Four N addition treatments (in three replicates) were established in MEBF: Control, Low N (50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), Medium N (100 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1) and High N (150 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), and three treatments were established in MF and PF (Control, Low N and Medium N).

Key Results The effects of nitrogen addition on soil N₂O emission differed by forest type. In MF, no significant differences were found among the three treatments after 3 months. In PF, however, soil N₂O emission rate was significantly higher in Medium plots than that in Low or Control plots, which exhibited no significant difference. In MEBF, soil N₂O emission rate was highest in High N plots and significantly higher in Medium plots than in Low or Control plots, which exhibited no significant difference.

Conclusions This study suggests that nitrogen addition significantly stimulated soil N₂O emission rates in both MEBF and PF, and its effect generally increased with the levels of nitrogen addition, but there was no such significant effect in MF.

Key words: N deposition, N₂O emission response, Subtropical forest, China

莫江明, 方运霆, 林而达, 李玉娥. 鼎湖山主要森林土壤N₂O排放及其对模拟N沉降的响应. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(6): 901-910. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0114

MO Jiang-Ming, FANG Yun-Ting, LIN Er-Da, LI Yu-E. SOIL N₂O EMISSION AND ITS RESPONSE TO SIMULATED N DEPOSITION IN THE MAIN FORESTS OF DINGHUSHAN IN SUBTROPICAL CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(6): 901-910. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0114

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0114

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I6/901

图/表 6

表1 鼎湖山马尾松林、混交林和季风常绿阔叶林土壤理化性质(平均值,标准误)*

Table 1 Soil properties in pine, mixed and monsoon evergreen broadleaf forests of Dinghushan in subtropical China (mean, SE in parenthesis)*

森林类型 Forest type	土层深 Soil depth (cm)	有机质 Organic matter (%)	全氮 Total N (%)	碳氮比 C/N	pH	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	含水量 Moisture content (%)
马尾松林 PF	0~20	2.73 (0.17)	0.09 (0.01)	16.79 (0.94)	4.03 (0.02)	1.41 (0.04)	24.90 (1.10)
混交林 MF	0~20	3.45 (0.35)	0.10 (0.01)	18.90 (0.97)	3.86 (0.02)	1.30 (0.04)	25.97 (0.91)
季风林 MEBF	0~20	5.35 (0.58)	0.19 (0.01)	15.91 (0.86)	3.79 (0.06)	1.21 (0.03)	38.57 (1.19)

图1 鼎湖山马尾松林(PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(MEBF)土壤不同处理样地pH值、铵态氮和硝态氮浓度的比较(n=12) 不同字母表示同一森林不同处理间和同一处理不同森林间在p=0.05水平差异显著

Fig.1 Comparisons of soil pH values, ammonium and nitrate conce-ntrations in different nitrogen treatments of pine (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf (MEBF) forests in subtropical China (n=12) Different letter means significantly different among treatments with the same forest and among forests within the same treatment at p=0.05 level

图2 2003年10月鼎湖山马尾松林(PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(MEBF)对照样地土壤N2O排放动态

Fig.2 Changes of soil N2O emission of control plots with time in pine (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf (MEBF) forests in Dinghushan of subtropical China measured in October 2003

图3 1999~2002年鼎湖山马尾松林(PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(MEBF)土壤N2O排放动态

Fig.3 Dynamic of soil N2O emission of pine (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf (MEBF) forests in Dinghushan of subtropical China during the period of 1999 to 2002

图4 2000~2001年期间鼎湖山马尾松林(PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(MEBF)土壤N2O排放与土壤温度的关系

Fig.4 Relationship of soil N2O emssion and soil temperature in pine (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf (MEBF) forests of subtropical China during the period of 2000 to 2001

图5 鼎湖山马尾松林(PF)、马尾松针阔叶混交林(MF)和季风常绿阔叶林(MEBF)土壤不同处理样地N2O排放比较(n=18) 不同字母表示同一森林不同处理间在p=0.05水平差异显著

Fig.5 Comparison of soil N2O emission in different nitrogen treatments of pine (PF), pine-broadleaf mixed (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf (MEBF) forests in subtropical China (n=18) Different letter means significantly different among treatments with the same forest at p=0.05 level

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鼎湖山主要森林土壤N₂O排放及其对模拟N沉降的响应

SOIL N₂O EMISSION AND ITS RESPONSE TO SIMULATED N DEPOSITION IN THE MAIN FORESTS OF DINGHUSHAN IN SUBTROPICAL CHINA

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