不同放牧强度下短花针茅荒漠草原植被的空间异质性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00114

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 1184-1193.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00114

不同放牧强度下短花针茅荒漠草原植被的空间异质性

黄琛¹,张宇¹,王静¹,李元恒²,五十六³,塔娜³,赵萌莉^1,^*(),韩国栋¹,朗巴达拉呼⁴,赵艳芳⁵

¹ 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院, 呼和浩特 010018
² 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 呼和浩特 010010
³ 内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
⁴ 鄂温克族自治旗草原工作站, 内蒙古鄂温克族自治旗 021100
⁵ 鄂温克族自治旗动物疫病预防控制中心, 内蒙古鄂温克族自治旗 021100

收稿日期:2013-08-12 接受日期:2014-08-29 出版日期:2014-08-12 发布日期:2014-11-17
通讯作者: 赵萌莉
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31070414);国家自然科学基金(3117-0446)

Spatial heterogeneity of vegetation under different grazing intensities in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe

HUANG Chen¹,ZHANG Yu¹,WANG Jing¹,LI Yuan-Heng²,WU Shi-Liu³,TA Na³,ZHAO Meng-Li^1,^*(),HAN Guo-Dong¹,LANG Bada-Lahu⁴,ZHAO Yan-Fang⁵

¹ College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
² Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China
³ College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
⁴ Ewenkizu Autonomous Banner Grassland Station, Ewenkizu Autonomous Banner, Nei Mongol 021100, China
⁵Ewenkizu Autonomous Banner Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Ewenkizu Autonomous Banner, Nei Mongol 021100, China

Received:2013-08-12 Accepted:2014-08-29 Online:2014-08-12 Published:2014-11-17
Contact: ZHAO Meng-Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分析不同放牧强度下植物群落中物种的空间分布特征, 有助于阐明群落在放牧胁迫下的演替规律。该研究基于幂函数法则, 探讨了不同放牧强度下短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原群落植物的频率和空间异质性。结果表明: 不同放牧强度下物种空间分布与幂函数法则能很好地吻合; 不同物种空间异质性具有特异性, 随着放牧强度的增加, 提高群落空间异质性的物种分别由无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)、冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)、短花针茅、银灰旋花(Convolvulus ammannii)等多个物种逐渐转变为以无芒隐子草、短花针茅为主的少数物种, 同时, 物种空间异质性大于群落空间异质性的物种数逐渐减少。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 放牧强度, 幂函数法则, 空间异质性

Abstract: Aims Our objectives were to determine whether exponential function law is suitable to fit different levels of plant spatial heterogeneity in Stipa breviflora desert steppe, and to elucidate the patterns of species and community spatial heterogeneity under different grazing intensities, for better understanding the influence of grazing on plant community diversity, productivity and stability.Methods An experiment with randomized complete block design was conducted at the study site with four treatments and three replications for each treatment. The treatments consisted of light grazing, moderate grazing, heavy grazing and no grazing, respectively. Samples were taken from 50 cm × 50 cm quadrates (L quadrate) at every 0.5 m along three 50 m line transects, and totally 100 quadrates were measured. Each L quadrate was equally separated into four 25 cm × 25 cm smaller quadrates (S quadrate). All species appeared in the S quadrates were recorded at the peak growth period. The exponential function law was used to fit the data in different grazing treatments. Important findings Results showed that the species studied had good concordance with exponential function law under different grazing intensities. With increases in grazing intensity, based on the species occurrence frequency, plant community gradually shifted from a mixture of Stipa breviflora, Cleistogenes songorica, Artemisia frigida, Salsola collina to mixed Stipa breviflora and Cleistogenes songorica. The spatial heterogeneity was species-specific in different grazing treatments. With increasing grazing intensity, the plant species with increased spatial heterogeneity gradually reduced from Cleistogenes songorica, Arternisia frigida, Stipa breviflora, Convolvulus ammannii, Salsola collina, Allium mongolicum, Leymus chinesis, Chenopodium aristatum, and Haplophyllum dauricum to only Cleistogenes songorica and Stipa breviflora. The number of species with greater spatial heterogeneity than community spatial heterogeneity deceased from the control to the heavy grazing treatment.

Key words: desert steppe, grazing intensity, power function law, spatial heterogeneity

黄琛,张宇,王静,李元恒,五十六,塔娜,赵萌莉,韩国栋,朗巴达拉呼,赵艳芳. 不同放牧强度下短花针茅荒漠草原植被的空间异质性. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(11): 1184-1193. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00114

HUANG Chen,ZHANG Yu,WANG Jing,LI Yuan-Heng,WU Shi-Liu,TA Na,ZHAO Meng-Li,HAN Guo-Dong,LANG Bada-Lahu,ZHAO Yan-Fang. Spatial heterogeneity of vegetation under different grazing intensities in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(11): 1184-1193. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00114

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00114

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I11/1184

图/表 5

图1 试验小区和区组位置示意图。 CK, 对照; HG, 重度放牧; LG, 轻度放牧; MG, 中度放牧。

Fig. 1 Diagrammatic illustration of the experimental design and block arrangement. CK, control; HG, heavy grazing; LG, light grazing; MG, moderate grazing.

Table 1 Frequency of occurrence(ρi)and spatial heterogeneity index (δi) for main species under different grazing intensities

图2 不同放牧强度下物种分布对幂函数规律的吻合性。 CK, 对照。HG, 重度放牧。LG, 轻度放牧。MG, 中度放牧。n, 一个L型样方里出现的S型样方数(n = 4); pi, 群落内物种在S型样方中出现的频率; v, 群落内物种在L型样方内出现次数的方差。

Fig. 2 Fitting of exponential function law to species distribution under different grazing intensities. CK, Control. HG, Heavy grazing. LG, Light grazing. MG, Moderate grazing. n, number of S quadrates appeared in an L quadrate (n = 4); pi, species occurrence frequency within the community in S quadrates; v, variance of the species occurrence number within the community in an L quadrate.

图3 不同放牧强度物种出现频率(pi)与空间分布异质性指数(δi)之间的关系。δc, 群落的空间分布异质性指数。 CK, 对照。HG, 重度放牧。LG, 轻度放牧。MG, 中度放牧。Ac, 冰草; Af, 冷蒿; Am, 蒙古韭; As, 白莲蒿; At, 细叶葱; Cam, 银灰旋花; Car, 刺藜; Cl, 驼绒藜; Cm, 小叶锦鸡儿; Cso, 无芒隐子草; Cst, 狭叶锦鸡儿; Hal, 阿尔泰狗娃花; Hd, 草芸香; Kp, 木地肤; Lc, 羊草; Li, 冬青叶兔唇花; Np, 栉叶蒿; Pb, 二裂委陵菜; Pu, 糙苏; Sb, 短花针茅; Sc, 猪毛菜。

Fig. 3 Relationship between frequency of species occurrence (pi) and spatial heterogeneity index (δi) under different grazing intensities. δc, spatial heterogeneity index of community. CK, Control. HG, Heavy grazing. LG, Light grazing. MG, Moderate grazing. Ac, Agropyron cristatum; Af, Artemisia frigida; Am, Allium mongolicum; As, Artemisia sacrorum; At, Allium tenuissimum; Cam, Convolvulus ammannii; Car, Chenopodium aristatum; Cl, Ceratoides latens; Cm, Caragana microphylla; Cso, Cleistogenes songorica; Cst, Caragana stenophylla; Hal, Heteropappus altaicus; Hd, Haplophyllum dauricum; Kp, Kochia prostrata; Lc, Leymus chinensis; Li, Lagochilus ilicifolius; Np, Neopallasia pectinata; Pb, Potentilla bifurca; Pu, Phlomis umbrosa; Sb, Stipa breviflora; Sc, Salsola collina.

图4 物种出现频率(pi)与回归残差(εi)之间的关系。 CK, 对照。HG, 重度放牧。LG, 轻度放牧。MG, 中度放牧。Ac, 冰草; Af, 冷蒿; Am, 蒙古韭; As, 白莲蒿; At, 细叶葱; Cam, 银灰旋花; Car, 刺藜; Cl, 驼绒藜; Cm, 小叶锦鸡儿; Cso, 无芒隐子草; Cst, 狭叶锦鸡儿; Hal, 阿尔泰狗娃花; Hd, 草芸香; Kp, 木地肤; Lc, 羊草; Li, 冬青叶兔唇花; Np, 栉叶蒿; Pb, 二裂委陵菜; Pu, 糙苏; Sb, 短花针茅; Sc, 猪毛菜。

Fig. 4 Relationship between frequency of species occurrence (pi) and regression residual (εi). CK, Control. HG, Heavy grazing. LG, Light grazing. MG, Moderate grazing. Ac, Agropyron cristatum; Af, Artemisia frigida; Am, Allium mongolicum; As, Artemisia sacrorum; At, Allium tenuissimum; Cam, Convolvulus ammannii; Car, Chenopodium aristatum; Cl, Ceratoides latens; Cm, Caragana microphylla; Cso, Cleistogenes songorica; Cst, Caragana stenophylla; Hal, Heteropappus altaicus; Hd, Haplophyllum dauricum; Kp, Kochia prostrata; Lc, Leymus chinensis; Li, Lagochilus ilicifolius; Np, Neopallasia pectinata; Pb, Potentilla bifurca; Pu, Phlomis umbrosa; Sb, Stipa breviflora; Sc, Salsola collina.

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不同放牧强度下短花针茅荒漠草原植被的空间异质性

Spatial heterogeneity of vegetation under different grazing intensities in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe

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