浙东常绿阔叶林植物功能性状对土壤含水量变化的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0082

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究群落演替过程中植物功能性状与土壤含水量的关系, 揭示植物对水分供给变化的响应策略, 具有重要的生态学意义。该研究以浙江东部天童山、南山和双峰山的3个常绿阔叶林演替系列为对象, 旨在探索不同演替阶段常见植物的功能性状与森林群落土壤含水量的相互关系。研究结果显示: 森林演替中后期的树木高度、树冠面积、叶片干物质含量显著大于演替前期植物; 相反, 叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率随演替进程而降低。随森林演替, 表层土壤(0-20 cm)的含水量显著增加, 深层土壤(20-40 cm)含水量随演替进程增加但不显著。表层土壤含水量与树木高度、树冠面积和叶片干物质含量显著正相关, 与叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著负相关; 深层土壤含水量与树冠面积显著正相关, 与叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著负相关。树木高度、树冠面积、叶片干物质含量、叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均可解释土壤含水量随演替进程的变化趋势, 而冠长比对土壤水分变化的响应最为敏感。

关键词: 常绿阔叶林, 土壤含水量, 响应策略, 演替系列, 植物功能性状

Abstract: Aims

Study on the relationships between plant functional traits and soil water content is important for revealing potential impact of vegetation dynamics on soil water dynamics. The objective of this study was to understand the change of soil water content (W_s) through forest succession.

Methods

The study sites are located in Tiantong, Nanshan and Shuangfeng Mountains in eastern Zhejiang Province. We measured 10 functional traits for common plant species and W_sin forest plots representative of three successional stages of evergreen broadleaved forests. The Pearson correlation and the stepwise regression were conducted to determine the quantitative relationships between plant functional traits and W_s.

Important findings

Tree height (H), crown area (CA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) were significantly higher for species at intermediate-and late-successional stages than for species at early-successional stage. In contrast, max net photosynthetic rate (P_max) and transpiration rate (T_r) of dominant species declined with forest succession. The W_s in the surface soil layer (0-20 cm) increased significantly, whereas W_s in the subsurface soil layer (20-40 cm) did not significantly change through forest succession. With respect to the surface soil layer, W_s was positively correlated with each of H, CA and LDMC, but negatively correlated with each of P_max and T_r. With respect to the subsurface soil layer, W_s positively correlated with CA only, and negatively correlated with each of P_max, stomatal conductance (Cond) and T_r. Variation in soil water content with forest succession could be explained mostly by H, CA, LDMC, P_max, Cond and T_r, and the ratio of crown depth to tree height (CD/TH) was mostly sensitive to the change of soil water content during forest succession.

Key words: evergreen broadleaved forest, soil water content, response strategy, successional series, plant functional traits

许洺山, 黄海侠, 史青茹, 杨晓东, 周刘丽, 赵延涛, 张晴晴, 阎恩荣. 浙东常绿阔叶林植物功能性状对土壤含水量变化的响应. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(9): 857-866. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0082

XU Ming-Shan,HUANG Hai-Xia,SHI Qing-Ru,YANG Xiao-Dong,ZHOU Liu-Li,ZHAO Yan-Tao,ZHANG Qing-Qing,YAN En-Rong. Responses of soil water content to change in plant functional traits in evergreen broadleaved forests in eastern Zhejiang Province. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(9): 857-866. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0082

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0082

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I9/857

图/表 5

表1 浙东双峰、天童和南山演替系列9个样地的特征

Table 1 Characteristics of selected 9 plots across successional series in Shuangfeng, Tiantong and Nanshan in eastern Zhejing Province

图1 浙东常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段群落水平上功能性状的变化(平均值±标准误差)。I, 演替前期; II, 演替中期; III, 演替后期。不同字母表示不同演替阶段间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Changes of functional traits at the community level across successional stages of evergreen broadleaved forests in eastern Zhejiang Province (mean ± SE). I, early-stage; II, middle-stage; III, late-stage. Different letters indicate significant differences between each pair of successional stages (p < 0.05).

图2 浙东常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤含水量的变化(平均值±标准误差)。I, 演替前期; II, 演替中期; III, 演替后期。不同字母表示不同演替阶段间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Changes of soil water content across successional stages of evergreen broadleaved forests in eastern Zhejiang Province (mean ± SE). I, early-stage; II, middle-stage; III, late-stage. Different letters indicate significant differences between each pair of successional stages (p < 0.05).

表2 浙东常绿阔叶林演替系列土壤含水量与群落功能性状间的Pearson相关

Table 2 Pearson correlation between soil water content and plant functional traits across successional stages of evergreen broadleaved forests in eastern Zhejiang Province

土层 Soil layer	基径 Basal diameter	树木高度 Tree height	树冠面积 Crown area	冠长比 The ratio of crown depth to tree height	单叶面积 Individual leaf area	比叶面积 Specific leaf area	叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content	最大净光合速率 Max net photosynthetic rate	气孔导度 Stomatal conductance	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate
0-20 cm	-0.24	0.85^**	0.71^**	-0.04	0.11	-0.69	0.82^**	-0.80^*	-0.45	-0.80^*
20-40 cm	-0.08	0.56	0.82^**	-0.24	0.20	-0.20	0.75	-0.96^***	-0.88^**	-0.75^*

表3 浙东常绿阔叶林植物形态功能性状与生理功能性状间的Pearson相关

Table 3 Pearson correlation between morphological and physiological of plant species in evergreen broadleaved forests in eastern Zhejiang Province

	基径 Basal diameter	树木高度 Tree height	树冠面积 Crown area	冠长比 The ratio of crown depth to tree height	单叶面积 Individual leaf area	比叶面积 Specific leaf area	叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content
最大净光合速率 Max net photosynthetic rate	0.29^**	0.38^**	0.30^**	0.06	-0.09	-0.18^*	0.20^**
气孔导度 Stomatal conductance	0.03	0.08	0.01	-0.03	-0.07	0.11	0.17^**
蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate	0.02	0.04	0.01	-0.04	-0.06	0.08	0.26^**

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