植物生态学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 168-175.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.019
收稿日期:
2006-12-05
接受日期:
2007-07-17
出版日期:
2008-12-05
发布日期:
2008-01-30
通讯作者:
龙新宪
作者简介:
E-mail: longxx@scau.edu.cn基金资助:
LONG Xin-Xian1(), WANG Yan-Hong1,2, LIU Hong-Yan1
Received:
2006-12-05
Accepted:
2007-07-17
Online:
2008-12-05
Published:
2008-01-30
Contact:
LONG Xin-Xian
摘要:
采用盆栽方法研究了两种生态型东南景天(Sedum alfredii)对土壤中不同含量Cd(即对照, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg·kg-1)的生长反应、吸收和积累Cd的差异性。结果表明,土壤添加重金属Cd后,矿山生态型东南景天生长正常,地上部和根系Cd含量随着土壤中Cd含量的增加而增加,在400 mg·kg-1 Cd处理下含量分别高达2 900和500 mg·kg-1,其地上部显著大于根部;然而,土壤添加Cd后,非矿山生态型东南景天的生长受到抑制,地上部和根部的生物量显著降低。当土壤Cd含量为50~100 mg·kg-1时,非矿山生态型东南景天的地上部和根系Cd含量随着土壤中Cd含量的增加而增加,而且根系Cd含量则大于地上部。当土壤Cd≤50 mg·kg-1时,矿山生态型东南景天根系Cd含量比非矿山生态型高,但当土壤Cd≥100 mg·kg-1,两者之间无显著差异;然而,但在同一Cd处理水平下,矿山生态型东南景天地上部Cd含量总是高于非矿山生态型。这些结果表明,矿山生态型东南景天有很强的忍耐和吸收土壤Cd的能力,再次证明其为一种Cd超积累植物。
龙新宪, 王艳红, 刘洪彦. 不同生态型东南景天对土壤中Cd的生长反应及吸收积累的差异性. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(1): 168-175. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.019
LONG Xin-Xian, WANG Yan-Hong, LIU Hong-Yan. GROWTH RESPONSE AND UPTAKE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO ECOTYPES OF SEDUM ALFREDII TO SOILS Cd. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(1): 168-175. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.019
Cd添加量 Cd added (mg·kg-1 soil) | 干重 Dry biomass(g·pot-1) | Cd含量 Cd concentration(mg·kg-1) | 富集系数 Accumulation factor | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||||
CK | 1.25±0.20bc | 1.85±0.36ab | 5.63±0.29f | 1.18±0.11d | 170.61 | 35.76 | ||||
12.5 | 1.77±0.05abc | 1.23±0.16bc | 538.7±47.0e | 117.7±12.2bc | 42.98 | 9.39 | ||||
25 | 1.32±0.12bc | 1.62±0.46abc | 676.2±37.8de | 127.2±28.3b | 27.01 | 5.08 | ||||
50 | 1.08±0.10bcd | 1.09±0.16bcd | 753.0 ±22.4d | 178.4±10.6b | 15.05 | 3.57 | ||||
100 | 1.74±0.53abc | 1.04±0.15cd | 903.5±17.7c | 177.2±5.5a | 9.03 | 1.77 | ||||
200 | 1.68±0.27abc | 0.43±0.09de | 1550 ±80.0b | 182.1±5.6a | 7.75 | 0.91 | ||||
300 | 2.11±0.31a | 0.21±0.04e | 1632±115.8b | 178.2±6.7a | 5.44 | 0.59 | ||||
400 | 1.81±0.14abc | 0.18±0.07e | 2763 ±95.8a | 108.9±5.3c | 6.91 | 0.27 |
表1 第一茬收获的两种生态型东南景天地上部分生物量和Cd积累量
Table 1 Dry biomass and Cd accumulation in shoots of two different ecotype of Sedum alfredii at the first harvest
Cd添加量 Cd added (mg·kg-1 soil) | 干重 Dry biomass(g·pot-1) | Cd含量 Cd concentration(mg·kg-1) | 富集系数 Accumulation factor | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||||
CK | 1.25±0.20bc | 1.85±0.36ab | 5.63±0.29f | 1.18±0.11d | 170.61 | 35.76 | ||||
12.5 | 1.77±0.05abc | 1.23±0.16bc | 538.7±47.0e | 117.7±12.2bc | 42.98 | 9.39 | ||||
25 | 1.32±0.12bc | 1.62±0.46abc | 676.2±37.8de | 127.2±28.3b | 27.01 | 5.08 | ||||
50 | 1.08±0.10bcd | 1.09±0.16bcd | 753.0 ±22.4d | 178.4±10.6b | 15.05 | 3.57 | ||||
100 | 1.74±0.53abc | 1.04±0.15cd | 903.5±17.7c | 177.2±5.5a | 9.03 | 1.77 | ||||
200 | 1.68±0.27abc | 0.43±0.09de | 1550 ±80.0b | 182.1±5.6a | 7.75 | 0.91 | ||||
300 | 2.11±0.31a | 0.21±0.04e | 1632±115.8b | 178.2±6.7a | 5.44 | 0.59 | ||||
400 | 1.81±0.14abc | 0.18±0.07e | 2763 ±95.8a | 108.9±5.3c | 6.91 | 0.27 |
Cd处理 (mg·kg-1) | 地上部 Shoot | 根系 Root | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||
CK | 2.42±0.73a | 2.37±0.12a | 0.176±0.08a | 0.182±0.03a | ||
12.5 | 2.12±0.22ab | 1.38±0.49bc | 0.135±0.05ab | 0.120±0.06b | ||
25 | 2.45±0.43a | 1.13±0.36bc | 0.122±0.04ab | 0.101±0.05bc | ||
50 | 1.98±0.26ab | 0.86±0.62cd | 0.087±0.04b | 0.064±0.03cd | ||
100 | 2.41±0.42ab | 1.69±0.34b | 0.109±0.04ab | 0.081±0.02bcd | ||
200 | 2.07±0.23ab | 0.93±0.29c | 0.146±0.03ab | 0.028±0.01d | ||
300 | 1.80±0.21b | - | 0.107±0.05ab | - | ||
400 | 2.20±0.53ab | - | 0.133±0.06ab | - |
表2 第二茬收获的两种生态型东南景天地上部和根系干重(克·盆-1)
Table 2 Dry biomass of shoots and roots of two different ecotype of Sedum alfredii at the second harvest (g·pot-1)
Cd处理 (mg·kg-1) | 地上部 Shoot | 根系 Root | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||
CK | 2.42±0.73a | 2.37±0.12a | 0.176±0.08a | 0.182±0.03a | ||
12.5 | 2.12±0.22ab | 1.38±0.49bc | 0.135±0.05ab | 0.120±0.06b | ||
25 | 2.45±0.43a | 1.13±0.36bc | 0.122±0.04ab | 0.101±0.05bc | ||
50 | 1.98±0.26ab | 0.86±0.62cd | 0.087±0.04b | 0.064±0.03cd | ||
100 | 2.41±0.42ab | 1.69±0.34b | 0.109±0.04ab | 0.081±0.02bcd | ||
200 | 2.07±0.23ab | 0.93±0.29c | 0.146±0.03ab | 0.028±0.01d | ||
300 | 1.80±0.21b | - | 0.107±0.05ab | - | ||
400 | 2.20±0.53ab | - | 0.133±0.06ab | - |
图2 第二茬收获的两种生态型东南景天地上部和根系Cd含量(mg·kg-1) 图中数据为4次重复的平均值±标准误差,不同字母表示差异显著(p>0.05)
Fig.2 Cd concentration in shoots and roots of two different ecotype of Sedum alfredii at the second harvest Bars denote means and standard errors of four replicates. Different letters show the significant difference (p>0.05)
土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 土壤总Cd量(A) Total soil Cd content (mg·pot-1) | 地上部Cd积累量 Cd accumulation in shoots (mg·pot-1) | B/A×100 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一茬(B1) At first harvest | 第二茬(B2) At second harvest | B1+B2 (B) | |||
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | |||||
12.5 | 6.27 | 0.95±0.10 | 1.09±0.12 | 2.04±0.08 | 32.68 |
25 | 12.52 | 0.89±0.05 | 1.75±0.40 | 2.64±0.44 | 21.15 |
50 | 25.02 | 0.81±0.24 | 3.15±0.97 | 3.96±1.07 | 15.83 |
100 | 50.02 | 1.57±0.45 | 3.14±0.81 | 6.10±1.21 | 9.43 |
200 | 100.02 | 2.60±0.35 | 3.62±0.50 | 6.22±0.74 | 6.22 |
300 | 150.02 | 3.44±0.54 | 4.05±0.47 | 7.49±0.56 | 4.99 |
400 | 200.02 | 5.00±0.47 | 6.41±1.43 | 11.41±1.15 | 5.71 |
非矿山生态型 non-mining ecotype | |||||
12.5 | 6.27 | 0.145±0.02 | 0.025±0.01 | 0.170±0.03 | 2.71 |
25 | 12.52 | 0.206±0.04 | 0.021±0.02 | 0.227±0.05 | 1.84 |
50 | 25.02 | 0.194±0.02 | 0.061±0.02 | 0.255±0.02 | 1.02 |
100 | 50.02 | 0.184±0.02 | 0.103±0.01 | 0.288±0.03 | 0.58 |
200 | 100.02 | 0.078±0.02 | 0.182±0.09 | 0.260±0.10 | 0.26 |
300 | 150.02 | 0.037±0.01 | 0.037±0.01 | 0.02 | |
400 | 200.02 | 0.020±0.00 | - | 0.020±0.00 | 0.01 |
表3 土壤中Cd总量和东南景天地上部Cd积累量(mg·盆-1)
Table 3 Total soil Cd content and Cd accumulation in shoots of the two different ecotype of Sedum alfredii (mg·pot-1)
土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 土壤总Cd量(A) Total soil Cd content (mg·pot-1) | 地上部Cd积累量 Cd accumulation in shoots (mg·pot-1) | B/A×100 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一茬(B1) At first harvest | 第二茬(B2) At second harvest | B1+B2 (B) | |||
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | |||||
12.5 | 6.27 | 0.95±0.10 | 1.09±0.12 | 2.04±0.08 | 32.68 |
25 | 12.52 | 0.89±0.05 | 1.75±0.40 | 2.64±0.44 | 21.15 |
50 | 25.02 | 0.81±0.24 | 3.15±0.97 | 3.96±1.07 | 15.83 |
100 | 50.02 | 1.57±0.45 | 3.14±0.81 | 6.10±1.21 | 9.43 |
200 | 100.02 | 2.60±0.35 | 3.62±0.50 | 6.22±0.74 | 6.22 |
300 | 150.02 | 3.44±0.54 | 4.05±0.47 | 7.49±0.56 | 4.99 |
400 | 200.02 | 5.00±0.47 | 6.41±1.43 | 11.41±1.15 | 5.71 |
非矿山生态型 non-mining ecotype | |||||
12.5 | 6.27 | 0.145±0.02 | 0.025±0.01 | 0.170±0.03 | 2.71 |
25 | 12.52 | 0.206±0.04 | 0.021±0.02 | 0.227±0.05 | 1.84 |
50 | 25.02 | 0.194±0.02 | 0.061±0.02 | 0.255±0.02 | 1.02 |
100 | 50.02 | 0.184±0.02 | 0.103±0.01 | 0.288±0.03 | 0.58 |
200 | 100.02 | 0.078±0.02 | 0.182±0.09 | 0.260±0.10 | 0.26 |
300 | 150.02 | 0.037±0.01 | 0.037±0.01 | 0.02 | |
400 | 200.02 | 0.020±0.00 | - | 0.020±0.00 | 0.01 |
生态型 Ecotype | 土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 种植前 Before planting | 第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest |
---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | CK | 0.100±0.00a | 0.001±0.00b | 0.002±0.00b |
12.5 | 3.20±0.08a | 1.73±0.02b | 0.97±0.03c | |
25 | 6.70±0.20a | 4.76±0.09b | 3.39±0.18c | |
50 | 16.61±0.74a | 11.58±0.29b | 8.85±0.36c | |
100 | 34.62±1.05a | 28.41±0.94b | 22.76±0.51c | |
200 | 85.20±2.97a | 59.01±3.06b | 56.69±2.07b | |
300 | 136.1±2.62a | 104.1±3.25b | 95.39±0.98c | |
400 | 195.3±2.20a | 151.4±7.59b | 134.5±3.31c | |
非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | CK | 0.100±0.00a | 0.065±0.00b | 0.05±0.00c |
12.5 | 3.20±0.08a | 2.37±0.04b | 2.33±0.05b | |
25 | 6.70±0.20a | 5.20±0.15b | 4.96±0.19b | |
50 | 16.61±0.74a | 12.39±0.70b | 12.52±0.51b | |
100 | 34.62±1.05a | 26.53±1.23b | 27.65±0.83b | |
200 | 85.20±2.97a | 65.00±2.98b | 59.95±3.38b | |
300 | 136.1±2.62a | 109.0±2.77b | 101.2±2.63c | |
400 | 195.3±2.20a | 156.9±6.68b | 151.7±10.83b |
表4 种植前和收获后土壤中的NH4OAc提取态Cd含量(mg·kg-1)
Table 4 Concentration of ammonium acetate-extractable Cd (NH4OAc-Cd) in soils before and after plantings Sedum alfredii (mg·kg-1)
生态型 Ecotype | 土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 种植前 Before planting | 第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest |
---|---|---|---|---|
矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | CK | 0.100±0.00a | 0.001±0.00b | 0.002±0.00b |
12.5 | 3.20±0.08a | 1.73±0.02b | 0.97±0.03c | |
25 | 6.70±0.20a | 4.76±0.09b | 3.39±0.18c | |
50 | 16.61±0.74a | 11.58±0.29b | 8.85±0.36c | |
100 | 34.62±1.05a | 28.41±0.94b | 22.76±0.51c | |
200 | 85.20±2.97a | 59.01±3.06b | 56.69±2.07b | |
300 | 136.1±2.62a | 104.1±3.25b | 95.39±0.98c | |
400 | 195.3±2.20a | 151.4±7.59b | 134.5±3.31c | |
非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | CK | 0.100±0.00a | 0.065±0.00b | 0.05±0.00c |
12.5 | 3.20±0.08a | 2.37±0.04b | 2.33±0.05b | |
25 | 6.70±0.20a | 5.20±0.15b | 4.96±0.19b | |
50 | 16.61±0.74a | 12.39±0.70b | 12.52±0.51b | |
100 | 34.62±1.05a | 26.53±1.23b | 27.65±0.83b | |
200 | 85.20±2.97a | 65.00±2.98b | 59.95±3.38b | |
300 | 136.1±2.62a | 109.0±2.77b | 101.2±2.63c | |
400 | 195.3±2.20a | 156.9±6.68b | 151.7±10.83b |
土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest | 第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest | ||||
0 | 0.001±0.00b | 0.002±0.00a | 0.000±0.00c | 0.001±0.00b | |||
12.5 | 0.051±0.01b | 0.036±0.01b | 0.046±0.00b | 0.079±0.01a | |||
25 | 0.125±0.01ab | 0.119±0.03b | 0.104±0.01b | 0.161±0.04a | |||
50 | 0.239±0.03c | 0.324±0.04ab | 0.312±0.04b | 0.369±0.02a | |||
100 | 0.682±0.07b | 0.638±0.10b | 1.048±0.10a | 0.728±0.08b | |||
200 | 1.822±0.22b | 1.658±0.39b | 3.822±0.30a | 1.588±0.25b | |||
300 | 3.292±0.21b | 2.634±0.22c | 4.618±0.42a | 2.740±0.23c | |||
400 | 4.009±0.52b | 3.562±0.47b | 5.363±0.55a | 4.253±0.77b |
表5 土壤中的H2O提取态Cd含量的变化(mg·kg-1)
Table 5 Changes in the concentration of water-extractable Cd (H2O-Cd) in soils (mg·kg-1)
土壤Cd添加量 Cd added to soils (mg·kg-1) | 矿山生态型 Mining ecotype | 非矿山生态型 Non-mining ecotype | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest | 第一茬 At first harvest | 第二茬 At second harvest | ||||
0 | 0.001±0.00b | 0.002±0.00a | 0.000±0.00c | 0.001±0.00b | |||
12.5 | 0.051±0.01b | 0.036±0.01b | 0.046±0.00b | 0.079±0.01a | |||
25 | 0.125±0.01ab | 0.119±0.03b | 0.104±0.01b | 0.161±0.04a | |||
50 | 0.239±0.03c | 0.324±0.04ab | 0.312±0.04b | 0.369±0.02a | |||
100 | 0.682±0.07b | 0.638±0.10b | 1.048±0.10a | 0.728±0.08b | |||
200 | 1.822±0.22b | 1.658±0.39b | 3.822±0.30a | 1.588±0.25b | |||
300 | 3.292±0.21b | 2.634±0.22c | 4.618±0.42a | 2.740±0.23c | |||
400 | 4.009±0.52b | 3.562±0.47b | 5.363±0.55a | 4.253±0.77b |
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