山西太岳山兴唐寺红柄白鹃梅群落优势种的空间格局分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00123

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

使用点格局分析和分形分析(计盒维数、信息维数、关联维数)方法, 对山西太岳山兴唐寺红柄白鹃梅(Exochorda giraldii)群落进行了空间格局分析。结果表明: 1)红柄白鹃梅群落优势种在较小的尺度上呈现聚集分布的特点, 其中, 杠柳(Periploca sepium)和绣线菊(Spiraea salicifolia)在所有尺度上呈现聚集分布, 红柄白鹃梅和连翘(Forsythia suspensa)随着尺度的增加, 呈现聚集分布—随机分布—均匀分布的规律; 2)红柄白鹃梅群落优势种在不同尺度上表现出聚集分布的特点; 3)红柄白鹃梅群落优势种占据空间能力的大小为: 红柄白鹃梅>连翘>绣线菊>杠柳; 4)红柄白鹃梅群落优势种格局强度的尺度变化程度为: 杠柳>绣线菊>红柄白鹃梅>连翘; 5)红柄白鹃梅群落优势种个体空间相关程度为: 杠柳>红柄白鹃梅>连翘>绣线菊。点格局分析与分形分析结果一致, 揭示了暖温带落叶阔叶林遭到破坏后形成的次生灌丛的空间分布格局。

关键词: 计盒维数, 关联维数, 信息维数, 点格局, 数量生态学

Abstract:

Aims The Exochorda giraldii community is a secondary shrubland developed following destruction of warm temperate and deciduous broad-leaved forests. The objective of this study was to explore the distribution and inter-relationships of dominant species in E. giraldii communities in Taiyue Mountains, Shanxi, China.

Methods Based on the vegetation survey data on a 50 m × 50 m plot, point pattern analysis (O-ring) and fractal analyses (including box-counting dimension analysis, information dimension analysis and correlation dimension analysis) were performed to determine the spatial patterns of dominant species in a E. giraldiicommunity.

Important findings In the E. giraldii community, most of the dominant species showed the characteristics of aggregated distribution at smaller scales. However, Periploca sepium and Spiraea salicifolia showed an aggregation distribution at all scales. With increases in scale, the distributions of E. giraldii and Forsythia suspensa changed from aggregation to random and to uniform. Based on the point pattern analysis, the dominant species in the E. giraldii community showed aggregation distribution characteristics at different scales. The box-counting dimension analysis indicated that the ability of dominant species to occupy the space in the E. giraldii community was in the order of E. giraldii > F. suspensa > S. salicifolia > P. sepium. The information dimension analysis indicated that the degree of changes in pattern intensity of dominant species with scale in the E. giraldii community was in the order of P. sepium > S. salicifolia > E. giraldii > F. suspensa. The correlation dimension analysis showed that the spatial correlations of dominant species in the E. giraldii community was in the order of P. sepium > E. giraldii > F. suspensa > S. salicifolia. On a smaller scale, the E. giraldii population showed aggregated distribution; the F. suspensa population and the E. giraldii population had a positive correlation; the S. salicifolia population and the E. giraldii population had a positive correlation; the P. sepium population and the E. giraldii population had a negative correlation. Point pattern analysis and fractal analyses produced consistent results, revealing the spatial distribution patterns of secondary shrubs following destruction of the warm temperate and deciduous broad-leaved forests.

Key words: box-counting dimension, correlation dimension, information dimension, point pattern, quantitative ecology

白聪, 闫明, 毕润成, 何艳华. 山西太岳山兴唐寺红柄白鹃梅群落优势种的空间格局分析. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(12): 1283-1295. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00123

BAI Cong, YAN Ming, BI Run-Cheng, HE Yan-Hua. Spatial pattern analysis of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community in Xingtang Temple of Taiyue Mountains, Shanxi, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(12): 1283-1295. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00123

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00123

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I12/1283

图/表 8

图1 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种空间分布散点图。 A, 红柄白鹃梅。B, 连翘。C, 杠柳。D, 绣线菊。

Fig. 1 Scatterplot of spatial distributions of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community. A, Exochorda giraldii. B, Forsythia suspensa. C, Periploca sepium. D, Spiraea salicifolia.

图2 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种点格局分析。 A, 红柄白鹃梅。B, 连翘。C, 杠柳。D, 绣线菊。- - - -, 上下包迹线; ——, 种群实际分布。

Fig. 2 Point pattern analysis of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community. A, Exochorda giraldii. B, Forsythia suspensa. C, Periploca sepium. D, Spiraea salicifolia. - - - -, upper and lower envelope; ——, actual distribution of population.

图3 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种与红柄白鹃梅间的点格局分析。 A, 红柄白鹃梅与连翘间关系的点格局分析。B, 红柄白鹃梅与杠柳间关系的点格局分析。C, 红柄白鹃梅与绣线菊间关系的点格局分析。- - - -, 上下包迹线; ——, 种群实际分布。

Fig. 3 Point pattern analysis between dominant species and Exochorda giraldii in E. giraldii community. A, Point pattern analysis between Exochorda giraldii and Forsythia suspensa. B, Point pattern analysis between Exochorda giraldii and Periploca sepium. C, Point pattern analysis between Exochorda giraldii and Spiraea salicifolia. - - - -, upper and lower envelope; ——, actual distribution of population.

图4 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种计盒维数分析。 A, 红柄白鹃梅。B, 连翘。C, 杠柳。D, 绣线菊。

Fig. 4 Box-counting dimension analysis of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community. A, Exochorda giraldii. B, Forsythia suspensa. C, Periploca sepium. D, Spiraea salicifolia.

图5 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种信息维数分析。 A, 红柄白鹃梅。B, 连翘。C, 杠柳。D, 绣线菊。

Fig. 5 Information dimension analysis of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community. A, Exochorda giraldii. B, Forsythia suspensa. C, Periploca sepium. D, Spiraea salicifolia.

图6 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种关联维数分析。 A1-A5, 给定距离1 m、2 m、3 m、4 m、5 m时, 红柄白鹃梅的关联维数。B1-B5, 给定距离1 m、2 m、3 m、4 m、5 m时, 连翘的关联维数。C1-C5, 给定距离1 m、2 m、3 m、4 m、5 m时, 杠柳的关联维数。D1-D5, 给定距离1 m、2 m、3 m、4 m、5 m时, 绣线菊的关联维数。ε为给定的距离值, C(ε)为每一距离值对应的距离个数与距离总个数的比值。

Fig. 6 Correlation dimension analysis of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community. A1-A5, At the given distances of 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m, the correlation dimension of Exochorda giraldii. B1-B5, At the given distances of 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m, the correlation dimension of Forsythia suspensa. C1-C5, At the given distances of 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m, the correlation dimension of Periploca sepium. D1-D5, At the given distances of 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m, the correlation dimension of Spiraea salicifolia. ε is a given distance, and C(ε) is the ratio of the number of distances for a given distance to the total number of distances.

表1 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种点格局、计盒维数、信息维数分析

Table 1 Point pattern, box-counting dimension and information dimension analyses of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community

物种 Species	计盒维数 Box-counting dimension	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	拐点尺度 Inflection point scale (m)	p	平均冠幅 Mean crown width (m)
红柄白鹃梅 Exochorda giraldii	1.795	0.990	2.500	p < 0.01	1.422
连翘 Forsythia suspensa	1.565	0.971	3.125	p < 0.01	1.193
杠柳 Periploca sepium	1.237	0.988	2.000	p < 0.01	0.652
绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia	1.365	0.995	5.000	p < 0.01	0.713
物种 Species	信息维数 Information dimension	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	拐点尺度 Inflection point scale (m)	p	平均冠幅 Mean crown width (m)
红柄白鹃梅 Exochorda giraldii	0.435	0.903	1.250	p < 0.01	1.422
连翘 Forsythia suspensa	0.231	0.832	1.250	p < 0.01	1.193
杠柳 Periploca sepium	1.358	0.826	5.000	p < 0.01	0.652
绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia	0.530	0.724	3.125	p < 0.01	0.713

表2 红柄白鹃梅群落优势种不同给定距离下的关联维数

Table 2 Correlation dimensions of dominant species in Exochorda giraldii community at given distances

给定距离 Given distance (m)	红柄白鹃梅 Exochorda giraldii		连翘 Forsythia suspensa		杠柳 Periploca sepium		绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia
给定距离 Given distance (m)	关联维数 Correlation dimensions	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	关联维数 Correlation dimensions	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	关联维数 Correlation dimensions	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	关联维数 Correlation dimensions	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
1	1.435	0.998	1.424	0.999	1.519	0.995	1.400	0.995
2	1.417	0.998	1.412	0.999	1.458	0.991	1.406	0.990
3	1.401	0.998	1.402	0.999	1.425	0.987	1.258	0.990
4	1.396	0.998	1.405	0.999	1.328	0.986	1.389	0.981
5	1.381	0.999	1.392	0.999	1.255	0.989	1.141	0.986

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