植物生态学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 241-252.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.03.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

古田山常绿阔叶林优势树种甜槠和木荷的空间格局分析

李立1,2, 陈建华1,2,*(), 任海保2, 米湘成2, 于明坚3, 杨波1,2   

  1. 1浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院, 浙江金华 321004
    2中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
    3浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-21 接受日期:2009-07-14 出版日期:2010-05-21 发布日期:2010-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 陈建华
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: sky78@zjnu.cn

Spatial patterns of Castanopsis eyrei and Schima superba in mid-subtropical broad- leaved evergreen forest in Gutianshan National Reserve, China

LI Li1,2, CHEN Jian-Hua1,2,*(), REN Hai-Bao2, MI Xiang-Cheng2, YU Ming-Jian3, YANG Bo1,2   

  1. 1College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
    3College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • Received:2008-05-21 Accepted:2009-07-14 Online:2010-05-21 Published:2010-03-01
  • Contact: CHEN Jian-Hua

摘要:

基于24 hm2古田山中亚热带常绿阔叶林长期监测样地调查资料, 采用Ripley的K函数点格局分析等方法, 具体分析了古田山常绿阔叶林优势树种甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)与木荷(Schima superba)不同年龄阶段的空间分布格局以及它们之间的空间关联性。结果表明: 两种优势物种在总体上及不同年龄阶段主要呈聚集分布, 且随年龄阶段的增加, 聚集程度有降低的趋势。两物种在大尺度直观上有明显的生境偏好。两种优势物种的幼树、小树与大树和老树主要呈空间负相关或无空间关联性, 与中树呈空间正相关。甜槠中树与大树、大树与老树主要呈空间正相关, 而甜槠的中树与老树呈空间负相关。木荷中树与大树和老树、大树与老树均呈现空间负相关或无关联。我们发现古田山优势物种通过密度制约和Janzen-Connell效应释放空间, 为其他物种共存提供了条件, 密度制约和Janzen-Connell效应可能是古田山样地甜槠和木荷空间格局形成的重要原因。

关键词: 古田山样地, 中亚热带常绿阔叶林, 点格局分析, 空间关联性, 空间分布格局

Abstract:

Aims Many mechanisms of forest patterns have been examined in tropical rain forest; however, there are only a handful of similar studies on subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forest. Our objective is to analyze the main mechanisms of distribution pattern of Castanopsis eyrei and Schima superba in GTS (Gutianshan) forest plot.

Methods Based on a stem map of a 24 hm2 permanent plot in the middle subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forest at Gutianshan National Reserve, we analyzed the distribution pattern of the dominant species C. eyrei and S. superba in saplings, juvenile trees, adult trees, large trees and old trees using spatial point pattern analysis. We also examined spatial associations among different growth stages.

Important findings Castanopsis eyrei and S. superba had a clustered distribution across a range of scales (0-100 m). Saplings, juvenile trees and adult trees tended to be more clumped than big trees. Old trees tended to be somewhat more clumped than big trees. Our results suggested that the two species have obvious habitat preferences at larger scales. For C. eyrei, saplings were significantly positively associated with juvenile trees at scales ≤ 100 m, as were saplings and adult trees, juvenile trees and adult trees, adult trees and big trees. Generally there was no correlation between big trees and old trees at scales ≤ 10 m, whereas their association tended to be positive at larger scales (10-100 m). Generally there were negative or no correlations between other size classes. For S. superba, the saplings were significantly positively associated with juvenile trees at scales ≤ 100 m, as were saplings and adult trees, juvenile trees and adult trees. Generally there were negative or no correlations between juvenile trees and old trees, adult trees and old trees, big trees and old trees, saplings and big trees, juvenile trees and big trees, adult trees and big trees. Generally there was negative correlation between saplings and old trees at scales ≤ 20 m, whereas their association tended to be positively at larger scales (25-100 m). These results suggested that dominant species facilitated coexistence of other species through emptying space for colonization of other species, which is probably attributed to density dependence or the Janzen-Connell effect. Both processes depended on species in intensity and acting time.

Key words: GTS (Gutianshan) forest plot, mid-subtropical-broad-leaved evergreen forest, point pattern analysis, spatial association, spatial distribution patterns