植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 929-945.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0155
• 综述 • 下一篇
收稿日期:
2019-06-22
接受日期:
2019-11-08
出版日期:
2019-11-20
发布日期:
2020-03-26
通讯作者:
于明坚 ORCID:0000-0001-8060-8427
基金资助:
LIU Jin-Liang1,2,YU Ming-Jian2,*()
Received:
2019-06-22
Accepted:
2019-11-08
Online:
2019-11-20
Published:
2020-03-26
Contact:
YU Ming-Jian ORCID:0000-0001-8060-8427
Supported by:
摘要:
鉴于全球森林均呈现片段化(破碎化)的分布状态, 理解片段化森林群落构建的过程很有必要。该文通过综述群落构建的主要生态过程如生态漂变、扩散、选择和物种形成等在片段化森林群落构建中的相对作用, 发现因片段化森林形成方式的不同, 重构群落(片段化生境中通过次生演替重新形成的森林群落)和解构群落(原有森林被片段化后形成的森林群落)在不同演替阶段所受到的主要生态过程的相对作用有所不同。虽然利用基于群落内物种分布格局推测构建过程(如物种多度分布、零模型结合β多样性的方法、功能特征的收敛和发散等)、人工控制实验、群落结构动态分析等方法对片段化森林中群落构建的过程进行了有效的检验, 但是针对片段化森林群落构建过程的实验性研究仍然不足。未来有待在理论模型、群落构建过程的检验以及理论与物种保护相结合等方面继续开展深入的研究。
刘金亮, 于明坚. 片段化森林群落构建的生态过程及其检验方法. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(11): 929-945. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0155
LIU Jin-Liang, YU Ming-Jian. Community assembly processes in fragmented forests and its testing methods. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(11): 929-945. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0155
图1 关于生境片段化效应和岛屿生物地理学研究中的关键理论和部分验证实验开始的时间轴。参考自Resasco等(2017)。片段化森林动态实验(巴西)详见Laurance等(2011); Kansas生境片段化实验(美国)详见Holt等(1995); Wog-Wog实验(澳大利亚)详见Margules (1992); Savannah河流廊道实验(美国)详见Haddad和Baum (1999)以及Tewksbury等(2002); 苔藓实验详见Gonzalez等(1998)(英国)和Lindo等(2012)(加拿大); 千岛湖陆桥岛屿实验(中国)详见Yu等(2012)和Liu等(2020); SAFE实验(马来西亚)详见Ewers等(2011); Metratron实验(法国)详见Legrand等(2012)。
Fig. 1 Timeline of key events in fragmentation theory, landscape experiments, and discourse on application for conservation. Figure was redrawn from Resasco et al., (2017). Major experiments and projects and the corresponding references are as following: Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP; Brazil)(Laurance et al., 2011); Kansas Fragmentation Experiment (USA)(Holt et al., 1995); Wog-Wog Habitat Fragmentation Experiment (Wog-Wog; Australia)(Margules, 1992); Savannah River Site Corridor Experiment (SRS Corridor Experiment; USA)(Haddad & Baum, 1999; Tewksbury et al., 2002); Moss Fragmentation Experiments (UK: Gonzalez et al. 1998; Canada: Lindo et al., 2012); The Thousand Island Lake Experiments (China)(Yu et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2020); The Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) Project (Malaysia)(Ewers et al., 2011); Metatron experiment (France)(Legrand et al., 2012).
图2 片段化生境中森林群落构建过程的概念图。参考自HilleRisLambers等(2012)和Vellend (2016)。不同的英文字母表示不同的物种; 不同大小的圆圈表示不同面积的斑块, 斑块内不同的扇形面积表示各物种的相对多度。
Fig. 2 Conceptual cartoon illustrating processes in forest community assembly in fragmented habitats. Redrawn from HilleRisLambers et al. (2012) and Vellend (2016). Different letters denote different species; circles of different sizes denote different size patches; different fan-shaped areas in circles denote the relative abundance of each species in one community.
图3 片段化生境中影响解构群落和重构群落主要生态过程的相对作用。
Fig. 3 Relative effects of ecological processes affecting disassembly and reassembly communities in fragmented habitats.
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