植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 601-611.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0201 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2023.0201
所属专题: 植物功能性状
收稿日期:
2023-07-11
接受日期:
2024-01-03
出版日期:
2024-05-20
发布日期:
2024-06-13
通讯作者:
(
LI Shan-Shan1,2, LIU Xue-Qin1,*()
Received:
2023-07-11
Accepted:
2024-01-03
Online:
2024-05-20
Published:
2024-06-13
Contact:
(摘要:
功能性状能单独或联合反映植物对环境变化的响应和适应策略并影响生态系统功能, 探究河漫滩湿地植物功能性状及其空间特征, 对理解河漫滩湿地植物的生态适应性机制具有重要意义。该研究选取武汉周边5条河流, 对30种常见湿地草本植物的10个功能性状进行测定, 对性状之间的相关关系、性状空间质量、性状重要性及物种在空间的分布进行了分析。结果显示, 植物功能性状变异较大, 性状与性状之间关联较弱; 在功能性状空间中, 当维度从1维增加至4维时, 空间质量快速上升, 6维空间质量最高; 综合降维及空间质量, 分析了4维性状空间的特征, 在4维空间中, 寿命、地下茎、株高、叶面积、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶氮含量以及叶碳含量与性状功能轴存在显著的相关关系, 对功能性状空间的构建具有重要作用; 16种植物位于凸包顶点, 其中有10种植物出现频率较高, 表明大部分湿地植物在性状上都有一定的独特性, 在塑造性状空间中有重要作用。
李闪闪, 刘学勤. 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物功能性状分析. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(5): 601-611. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0201
LI Shan-Shan, LIU Xue-Qin. Analysis of functional traits of wetland plants in floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(5): 601-611. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0201
编号 Code | 种 Species | 科 Family | 寿命 Life span | 地下茎 Rhizome | 整株样本数 Number of whole-plant samples | 叶片样本数 Number of leaf samples |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1 | 朝天委陵菜 Potentilla supina | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 18 |
SP2 | 刺儿菜 Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium | 菊科 Asteraceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 8 | 17 |
SP3 | 鼠曲草 Pseudognaphalium affine | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 19 | 20 |
SP4 | 小蓬草 Erigeron canadensis | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 16 | 27 |
SP5 | 野莴苣 Lactuca serriola | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 4 | 12 |
SP6 | 钻叶紫菀 Symphyotrichum subulatum | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 18 | 20 |
SP7 | 风花菜 Rorippa globosa | 十字花科 Brassicaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 17 | 39 |
SP8 | 红蓼 Persicaria orientalis | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 20 |
SP9 | 水蓼 Persicaria hydropiper | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 18 |
SP10 | 长刺酸模 Rumex trisetifer | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 9 | 20 |
SP11 | 荔枝草 Salvia plebeia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 20 |
SP12 | 益母草 Leonurus japonicus | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 20 |
SP13 | 芦苇 Phragmites australis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 5 | 16 |
SP14 | 马唐 Digitaria sanguinalis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 5 | 20 |
SP15 | 牛鞭草 Hemarthria sibirica | 禾本科 Poaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 20 |
SP16 | 千金子 Leptochloa chinensis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 4 | 10 |
SP17 | 菵草 Beckmannia syzigachne | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 27 | 40 |
SP18 | 长芒稗 Echinochloa caudata | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 12 |
SP19 | 葎草 Humulus scandens | 大麻科 Cannabaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 10 | 38 |
SP20 | 毛茛 Ranunculus japonicus | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 12 | 8 |
SP21 | 铁线莲 Clematis florida | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 6 | 20 |
SP22 | 破铜钱 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides var. batrachium | 五加科 Araliaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 20 |
SP23 | 碎米莎草 Cyperus iria | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 12 |
SP24 | 香附子 Cyperus rotundus | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 18 | 22 |
SP25 | 铁苋菜 Acalypha australis | 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 14 | 20 |
SP26 | 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides | 苋科 Amaranthaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 41 |
SP27 | 杖藜 Chenopodium giganteum | 苋科 Amaranthaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 8 | 15 |
SP28 | 香蒲 Typha orientalis | 香蒲科 Typhaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 9 | 14 |
SP29 | 小苜蓿 Medicago minima | 豆科 Fabaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 9 | 10 |
SP30 | 野胡萝卜 Daucus carota | 伞形科 Apiaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 14 | 10 |
表1 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物种类及样本数
Table 1 List of wetland plant species and number of samples collected in the studied river floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River
编号 Code | 种 Species | 科 Family | 寿命 Life span | 地下茎 Rhizome | 整株样本数 Number of whole-plant samples | 叶片样本数 Number of leaf samples |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1 | 朝天委陵菜 Potentilla supina | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 18 |
SP2 | 刺儿菜 Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium | 菊科 Asteraceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 8 | 17 |
SP3 | 鼠曲草 Pseudognaphalium affine | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 19 | 20 |
SP4 | 小蓬草 Erigeron canadensis | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 16 | 27 |
SP5 | 野莴苣 Lactuca serriola | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 4 | 12 |
SP6 | 钻叶紫菀 Symphyotrichum subulatum | 菊科 Asteraceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 18 | 20 |
SP7 | 风花菜 Rorippa globosa | 十字花科 Brassicaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 17 | 39 |
SP8 | 红蓼 Persicaria orientalis | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 20 |
SP9 | 水蓼 Persicaria hydropiper | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 18 |
SP10 | 长刺酸模 Rumex trisetifer | 蓼科 Polygonaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 9 | 20 |
SP11 | 荔枝草 Salvia plebeia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 15 | 20 |
SP12 | 益母草 Leonurus japonicus | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 20 |
SP13 | 芦苇 Phragmites australis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 5 | 16 |
SP14 | 马唐 Digitaria sanguinalis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 5 | 20 |
SP15 | 牛鞭草 Hemarthria sibirica | 禾本科 Poaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 20 |
SP16 | 千金子 Leptochloa chinensis | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 4 | 10 |
SP17 | 菵草 Beckmannia syzigachne | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 27 | 40 |
SP18 | 长芒稗 Echinochloa caudata | 禾本科 Poaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 12 |
SP19 | 葎草 Humulus scandens | 大麻科 Cannabaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 10 | 38 |
SP20 | 毛茛 Ranunculus japonicus | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 12 | 8 |
SP21 | 铁线莲 Clematis florida | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 6 | 20 |
SP22 | 破铜钱 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides var. batrachium | 五加科 Araliaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 20 |
SP23 | 碎米莎草 Cyperus iria | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 10 | 12 |
SP24 | 香附子 Cyperus rotundus | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 18 | 22 |
SP25 | 铁苋菜 Acalypha australis | 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 14 | 20 |
SP26 | 喜旱莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides | 苋科 Amaranthaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 15 | 41 |
SP27 | 杖藜 Chenopodium giganteum | 苋科 Amaranthaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 8 | 15 |
SP28 | 香蒲 Typha orientalis | 香蒲科 Typhaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 有 Present | 9 | 14 |
SP29 | 小苜蓿 Medicago minima | 豆科 Fabaceae | 一年生 Annual | 无 Absent | 9 | 10 |
SP30 | 野胡萝卜 Daucus carota | 伞形科 Apiaceae | 多年生 Perennial | 无 Absent | 14 | 10 |
功能性状 Functional trait | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | 最大值 Max | 最小值 Min | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高 Plant height (cm) | 58.1 ± 7.3 | 192.0 | 13.7 | 68.4 |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.40 ± 0.11 | 3.21 | 0.06 | 152.5 |
叶面积 Leaf area (mm2) | 1 545.69 ± 384.54 | 10 153.36 | 18.60 | 136.3 |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area (mm2·mg-1) | 17.66 ± 0.98 | 27.17 | 4.31 | 30.5 |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content (mg·g-1) | 236.47 ± 19.23 | 566.89 | 107.61 | 44.5 |
叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content (mg·g-1) | 479.11 ± 9.18 | 587.24 | 401.73 | 10.5 |
叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content (mg·g-1) | 36.98 ± 2.16 | 78.81 | 16.47 | 32.0 |
叶碳氮比 Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio | 14.06 ± 0.74 | 26.93 | 6.78 | 28.6 |
表2 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物功能性状特征
Table 2 Characteristics of functional traits of wetland plants in the studied river floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River
功能性状 Functional trait | 平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE | 最大值 Max | 最小值 Min | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
株高 Plant height (cm) | 58.1 ± 7.3 | 192.0 | 13.7 | 68.4 |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.40 ± 0.11 | 3.21 | 0.06 | 152.5 |
叶面积 Leaf area (mm2) | 1 545.69 ± 384.54 | 10 153.36 | 18.60 | 136.3 |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area (mm2·mg-1) | 17.66 ± 0.98 | 27.17 | 4.31 | 30.5 |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content (mg·g-1) | 236.47 ± 19.23 | 566.89 | 107.61 | 44.5 |
叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content (mg·g-1) | 479.11 ± 9.18 | 587.24 | 401.73 | 10.5 |
叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content (mg·g-1) | 36.98 ± 2.16 | 78.81 | 16.47 | 32.0 |
叶碳氮比 Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio | 14.06 ± 0.74 | 26.93 | 6.78 | 28.6 |
图2 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物功能性状之间的相关关系。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。C:N, 叶碳氮比; H, 株高; LA, 叶面积; LCC, 叶碳含量; LDMC, 叶干物质含量; LNC, 叶氮含量; RSR, 根冠比; SLA, 比叶面积。
Fig. 2 Correlations between pairs of functional traits of wetland plants in river floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. C:N, leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio; H, plant height; LA, leaf area; LCC, leaf carbon content; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LNC, leaf nitrogen content; RSR, root to shoot ratio; SLA, specific leaf area.
图3 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物不同维度功能性状空间的质量。D, 维度。
Fig. 3 Quality of functional trait spaces at different dimensions of wetland plants in river floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River. D, dimension.
主坐标轴 PCoA axes | 性状 Trait | R2/eta2 | p |
---|---|---|---|
PCoA1 (50.46%) | 寿命 Life span | 0.69 | <0.001 |
地下茎 Rhizome | 0.52 | <0.001 | |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.20 | 0.014 | |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area | 0.19 | 0.015 | |
株高 Plant height | 0.19 | 0.016 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.15 | 0.033 | |
叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content | 0.14 | 0.043 | |
PCoA2 (13.57%) | 叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content | 0.41 | <0.001 |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content | 0.38 | <0.001 | |
株高 Plant height | 0.27 | 0.004 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.24 | 0.006 | |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.19 | 0.015 | |
PCoA3 (10.79%) | 叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content | 0.30 | 0.002 |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area | 0.25 | 0.005 | |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content | 0.22 | 0.009 | |
叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content | 0.22 | 0.010 | |
PCoA4 (7.56%) | 叶碳氮比 Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio | 0.41 | <0.001 |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.32 | 0.001 |
表3 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物主坐标轴与性状的相关性
Table 3 Correlations between traits and axes of the functional space of wetland plants in river floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River
主坐标轴 PCoA axes | 性状 Trait | R2/eta2 | p |
---|---|---|---|
PCoA1 (50.46%) | 寿命 Life span | 0.69 | <0.001 |
地下茎 Rhizome | 0.52 | <0.001 | |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.20 | 0.014 | |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area | 0.19 | 0.015 | |
株高 Plant height | 0.19 | 0.016 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.15 | 0.033 | |
叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content | 0.14 | 0.043 | |
PCoA2 (13.57%) | 叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content | 0.41 | <0.001 |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content | 0.38 | <0.001 | |
株高 Plant height | 0.27 | 0.004 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.24 | 0.006 | |
根冠比 Root to shoot ratio | 0.19 | 0.015 | |
PCoA3 (10.79%) | 叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content | 0.30 | 0.002 |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area | 0.25 | 0.005 | |
叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content | 0.22 | 0.009 | |
叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content | 0.22 | 0.010 | |
PCoA4 (7.56%) | 叶碳氮比 Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio | 0.41 | <0.001 |
叶面积 Leaf area | 0.32 | 0.001 |
图4 长江中游河漫滩湿地植物物种功能性状在4维空间内的分布。物种信息参见表1。PCoA, 主坐标轴分析。
Fig. 4 Distribution of functional traits of wetland plants in floodplains in middle reaches of Yangtze River in the four-dimensional space. See Table 1 for species information. PCoA, principal co-ordinates analysis。
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