氮和水分添加对黑沙蒿群落优势植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0458

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解典型沙生半灌木群落植物在氮(N)沉降和降水增加下的响应机制和适应策略, 以毛乌素沙地黑沙蒿(别名油蒿, Artemisia ordosica)群落为对象, 研究了N、水分添加及其交互作用下土壤与优势植物黑沙蒿和赖草(Leymus secalinus)叶片N含量、磷(P)含量、N:P及相应的内稳性指数。结果显示: (1)土壤速效N、P养分供应状况和植物养分吸收的内在属性共同影响黑沙蒿和赖草叶片N含量、P含量、N:P对N和水分添加的响应, 黑沙蒿和赖草叶片N含量对N和水分添加的响应存在种间差异; (2)黑沙蒿和赖草叶片P内稳性均强于叶片N内稳性, 与黑沙蒿和赖草生长均受N限制密切关联; (3)黑沙蒿叶片N、P化学计量内稳性相对较高且养分利用策略较为保守, 赖草叶片N、P化学计量内稳性相对较低且养分利用策略较为灵活。结果表明, 黑沙蒿在干旱贫瘠的环境中更具竞争力和生长优势。在N沉降和降水持续增加的情景下, 黑沙蒿群落物种组成可能因优势植物黑沙蒿和赖草竞争力和养分利用策略的不同而发生变化。

关键词: 毛乌素沙地, 氮沉降, 降水变化, 生态化学计量学, 养分限制, 内稳性

Abstract:

Aims Water and nitrogen (N) availability are two of crucial factors affecting the growth of desert plants, and are sensitive to global climate change. With increasing N deposition and precipitation, the understanding of the responses of leaf N and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry of dominant species in sandy semi-shrub community could provide insights into the adaptive strategies of sand-fixing plants in the Mau Us Sandy Land.

Methods An experiment of N and water addition was conducted in an Artemisia ordosica community in the southern edge of the Mau Us Sandy Land. Soil available N and P concentrations, soil available N:P, leaf N and P concentrations, leaf N:P, and the corresponding homeostasis index of dominant species A. ordosica and Leymus secalinus were measured.

Important findings (1) Soil N and P availability and species identity jointly influenced the response of leaf N concentration, leaf P concentration, and leaf N:P in A. ordosica and L. secalinus to N and water addition, and the leaf N concentration of A. ordosica and L. secalinus showed different responses to treatments. (2) Both A. ordosica and L. secalinus showed higher stoichiometric homoeostasis indices for leaf P than for leaf N, which was closely related to the fact that the growth of A. ordosica and L. secalinuswere both N-limited. (3) The stoichiometric homoeostasis indices of leaf N concentration, leaf P concentration, and N:P in A. ordosica were relatively higher than those of L. secalinus, and A. ordosica adopted more conservative nutrient utilization strategies, while L. secalinus adopted more flexible nutrient utilization strategies. Therefore, A. ordosica was more competitive than L. secalinus in growth in arid and infertile environments. Under the scenarios of increasing N deposition and precipitation, the species composition of the A. ordosica community may change due to the contrasting competitiveness and nutrient utilization strategies between A. ordosica and L. secalinus.

Key words: Mau Us Sandy Land, nitrogen deposition, precipitation alteration, ecological stoichiometry, nutrient limitation, homoeostasis

张文瑾, 佘维维, 秦树高, 乔艳桂, 张宇清. 氮和水分添加对黑沙蒿群落优势植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(5): 590-600. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0458

ZHANG Wen-Jin, SHE Wei-Wei, QIN Shu-Gao, QIAO Yan-Gui, ZHANG Yu-Qing. Effects of nitrogen and water addition on leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of the dominant species in an Artemisia ordosica community. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(5): 590-600. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0458

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0458

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I5/590

图/表 7

图1 不同氮(N)和水分添加处理下土壤含水量的变化(平均值±标准误)。**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05。不同小写字母表示同一水分处理下不同氮添加处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示不同水分处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N, 氮添加效应; W, 水分添加效应; N × W, 氮和水分添加交互效应。N0、N05、N10、N20、N30、N60分别表示氮添加量为0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、6.0 g·m-2·a-1。W0, 自然降水; W20, 增水20%; W40, 增水40%。

Fig. 1 Changes of soil moisture under nitrogen (N) and water addition treatments (mean ± SE). **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different N addition treatments of the same water addition treatment (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among different water addition treatments (p < 0.05). N, effects of N addition; W, effects of water addition; N × W, interactive effects of N and water addition. N0, N05, N10, N20, N30, and N60 represent nitrogen addition amounts of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6.0 g·m-2·a-1, respectively. W0, ambient precipitation; W20, increased precipitation by 20%; W40, increased precipitation by 40%.

图2 不同氮(N)和水分添加处理下土壤速效N、速效磷(P)含量和速效N:P的变化(平均值±标准误)。*, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05。不同小写字母表示同一水分处理下不同氮添加处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示不同水分处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N, 氮添加效应; W, 水分添加效应; N × W, 氮和水分添加交互效应。N0、N05、N10、N20、N30、N60分别表示氮添加量为0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、6.0 g·m-2·a-1。W0, 自然降水; W20, 增水20%; W40, 增水40%。

Fig. 2 Changes of soil available nitrogen (N) concentrations, available phosphorus (P) concentrations, and available N:P under N and water addition treatments (mean ± SE). *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different N addition treatments of the same water addition treatment (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among different water addition treatments (p < 0.05). N, effects of N addition; W, effects of water addition; N × W, interactive effects of N and water addition. N0, N05, N10, N20, N30, and N60 represent nitrogen addition amounts of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6.0 g·m-2·a-1, respectively. W0, ambient precipitation; W20, increased precipitation by 20%; W40, increased precipitation by 40%.

图3 不同氮(N)和水分添加处理下植物叶片N、磷(P)化学计量特征的变化(平均值±标准误)。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05。不同小写字母表示同一水分处理下不同氮添加处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示不同水分处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N, 氮添加效应; W, 水分添加效应; N × W, 氮和水分添加交互效应。N0、N05、N10、N20、N30、N60分别表示氮添加量为0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、6.0 g·m-2·a-1。W0, 自然降水; W20, 增水20%; W40, 增水40%。

Fig. 3 Changes of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus under N and water addition treatments (mean ± SE). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different N addition treatments of the same water addition treatment (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among different water addition treatments (p < 0.05). N, effects of N addition; W, effects of water addition; N × W, interactive effects of N and water addition. N0, N05, N10, N20, N30, and N60 represent nitrogen addition amounts of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6.0 g·m-2·a-1, respectively. W0, ambient precipitation; W20, increased precipitation by 20%; W40, increased precipitation by 40%.

图4 两种优势植物黑沙蒿与赖草之间叶片氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征的比较(平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示植物间差异显著(p < 0.05)。CV, 变异系数。

Fig. 4 Comparisons of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry between two dominant species Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between species (p < 0.05). CV, coefficient of variation.

图5 植物叶片氮(N)、磷(P)含量及比值与土壤速效N、P含量及比值的关系。HN、HP和HN:P分别代表植物叶片N、P含量和N:P的内稳性指数。

Fig. 5 Relationships of leaf nitrogen (N) concentration, leaf phosphorus (P) concentration, and leaf N:P with soil available N concentration, soil available P concentration, and soil available N:P. HN, HP, and HN:P represent the homeostasis indices of leaf N concentration, leaf P concentration, and leaf N:P, respectively.

图6 不同氮(N)和水分添加处理下两种优势植物盖度的变化(平均值±标准误)。**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05。不同小写字母表示同一水分处理下不同氮添加处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示不同水分处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N, 氮添加效应; W, 水分添加效应; N × W, 氮和水分添加交互效应。N0、N05、N10、N20、N30、N60分别表示氮添加量为0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、6.0 g·m-2·a-1。W0, 自然降水; W20, 增水20%; W40, 增水40%。

Fig. 6 Changes in the coverage of dominant species Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus under nitrogen (N) and water addition treatments (mean ± SE). **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, p > 0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different N addition treatments of the same water addition treatment (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among different water addition treatments (p < 0.05). N, effects of N addition; W, effects of water addition; N × W, interactive effects of N and water addition. N0, N05, N10, N20, N30, and N60 represent nitrogen addition amounts of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6.0 g·m-2·a-1, respectively. W0, ambient precipitation; W20, increased precipitation by 20%; W40, increased precipitation by 40%.

表1 土壤速效氮(N)、磷(P)含量与植物叶片N、P含量的相关系数

Table 1 Correlation coefficients between soil available nitrogen (N), soil available phosphorus (P) concentrations and leaf N, leaf P concentrations of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus

	叶片N含量 Leaf N concentration		叶片P含量 Leaf P concentration
	黑沙蒿 A. ordosica	赖草 L. secalinus	黑沙蒿 A. ordosica	赖草 L. secalinus
土壤速效N含量 Soil available N concentration	0.507^***	0.419^**	-	-
土壤速效P含量 Soil available P concentration	-	-	-0.074	0.030

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