晋西北丘陵风沙区柠条锦鸡儿叶片与土壤生态化学计量特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0066

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 546-558.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0066

所属专题：生态化学计量

晋西北丘陵风沙区柠条锦鸡儿叶片与土壤生态化学计量特征

刘婧¹, 缑倩倩¹^,²^,^*(), 王国华¹^,²^,³, 赵峰侠¹

1.山西师范大学地理科学学院, 太原 030000
2.中国科学院西北生态环境研究院中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站, 兰州 730010
3.中国科学院西北生态环境研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 兰州 730010

收稿日期:2022-02-17 接受日期:2022-07-06 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2022-07-15
通讯作者: *(gqqqianqian@163.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41807518);国家自然科学基金(42171033);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0457);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0463)

Leaf and soil ecological stoichiometry of Caragana korshinskii in windy and sandy hilly region of northwest Shanxi, China

LIU Jing¹, GOU Qian-Qian¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Guo-Hua¹^,²^,³, ZHAO Feng-Xia¹

1. College of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
2. Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730010, China
3. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730010, China

Received:2022-02-17 Accepted:2022-07-06 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2022-07-15
Contact: *(gqqqianqian@163.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807518);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171033);Science and Technology Innovation Project of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province(2019L0457);Science and Technology Innovation Project of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province(2019L0463)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)是晋西北丘陵风沙区主要的退耕还林植物, 在维持群落物种多样性、生态系统稳定和土壤环境恢复等方面发挥着非常重要的作用。为探究不同林龄柠条锦鸡儿人工林生态系统碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征与叶片光合作用和土壤环境因子之间的相互关系, 该研究以晋西北丘陵风沙区不同林龄(0、6、12、18、40和50年)柠条锦鸡儿人工林植物叶片和土壤为研究对象, 分析了柠条锦鸡儿叶片和土壤C、N、P化学计量的变化特征及其相互关系。结果表明: 1)随着林龄的增加, 柠条锦鸡儿叶片C、N含量显著增加, P含量呈先增加后减少的趋势, 叶片的C、N、P含量分别在434.14-452.26、15.72-28.11、1.32-1.95 g·kg^-1之间, 其中叶片C、N含量均在林龄50年达到最大值, 而叶片P含量在林龄18年达到最大值; 叶片C:N呈先增加后减少的趋势, 林龄18年达到最大值, N:P呈显著增加趋势, 林龄50年达到最大值。叶片的光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素和总叶绿素含量)随着林龄增加呈显著下降的趋势, 叶片的C、N含量对光合色素含量变化具有显著的影响。2) 土壤含水量在0-20 cm土层呈先增加后减少趋势, 尤其在林龄18年之后显著下降; 0-20 cm土层中的土壤有机碳(SOC)和全氮(STN)含量随着林龄的增加而增加, 土壤全磷(STP)含量无显著变化。土壤C:N、C:P和N:P随着林龄的增加呈增加的趋势。3)柠条锦鸡儿人工林土壤含水量与SOC和STN含量具有显著正相关关系, SOC和STN含量之间也呈显著的正相关关系; 柠条锦鸡儿叶片N和P含量具有显著正相关关系; 叶片C、N含量与土壤SOC、STN、STP含量之间均呈显著正相关关系, 与土壤含水量呈负相关关系, 叶片化学计量比与土壤化学计量比之间呈显著正相关关系。随着林龄的增加, 柠条锦鸡儿人工林主要受P含量及土壤含水量的影响。该研究结果对系统了解柠条锦鸡儿人工林生态系统的养分变化, 养分调控和抚育管理具有指导意义。

关键词: 晋西北, 丘陵风沙区, 柠条锦鸡儿, 人工林, 叶片, 土壤, 生态化学计量学

Abstract:

Aims Caragana korshinskii is the dominant species in the hilly area of northwest Shanxi, which plays very important roles in maintaining community species diversity, ecosystem stability and soil environment restoration.

Methods In order to investigate the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) in the ecosystem of C. korshinskii artificial forest with different ages and their effects on leaf photosynthesis, the plant leaves and soil of C. korshinskii artificial forest with different ages (0, 6, 12, 18, 40, and 50 years) were collected. The variations of C, N, P stoichiometry in plant leaves and soil were analyzed.

Important findings With the increase of plantation time, the contents of C and N in the leaves of C. korshinskii increased significantly, while the contents of P increased firstly and then decreased. The contents of C, N and P in the leaves ranged from 434.14-452.26, 15.72-28.11 and 1.32-1.95 g·kg^-1, the contents of C and N in leaves reached the maximum value after 50 years of plantation, while the content of P in leaves reached the maximum value after 18 years of plantation. Leaf C:N increased first and then decreased, and reached the maximum in 18 years, while N:P increased significantly and reached the maximum in 50 years. The photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll) contents of leaves decreased significantly with increasing time of plantation, and leaf C and N contents had a significant effect on the changes of photosynthetic pigments contents. Soil water content increased first and then decreased with increasing time of plantation in the 0 -20 cm soil depth, and decreased significantly after 18 years of plantation. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (STN) contents in the 0-20 cm soil depth profile increased with increasing time, and soil total phosphorus (STP) contents had no significant change with time. Soil C:N, C:P and N:P increased with the increase of forest age. Soil water content of C. korshinskii was significantly positively correlated with SOC and STN contents, and SOC and STN contents were also significantly positively correlated. The N and P contents of C. korshinskii leaves were significantly positively correlated. Leaf C and N contents were significantly positively correlated with SOC, STN and STP contents, and negatively correlated with soil water content. Leaf stoichiometric ratio was significantly positively correlated with corresponding soil stoichiometric ratio. The results of this study are of guiding significance to systematically understand the nutrient changes of artificial C. korshinskii forest ecosystem and to regulate and manage forest nutrients.

Key words: northwest Shanxi, windy and sandy hilly region, Caragana korshinskii, artificial forest, leaf, soil, ecological stoichiometry

刘婧, 缑倩倩, 王国华, 赵峰侠. 晋西北丘陵风沙区柠条锦鸡儿叶片与土壤生态化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(4): 546-558. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0066

LIU Jing, GOU Qian-Qian, WANG Guo-Hua, ZHAO Feng-Xia. Leaf and soil ecological stoichiometry of Caragana korshinskii in windy and sandy hilly region of northwest Shanxi, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(4): 546-558. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0066

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图/表 11

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林龄 Forest age (a)	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Aspect	坡度 Slope degree (°)	株高 Plant height (cm)	生物量 Biomass (kg·m^-2)	郁闭度 Crown density
0 (撂荒地) 0 (Abandoned land)	111.78°	38.96°	1 446
	111.78°	38.96°	1 433
	111.74°	38.99°	1 440
6	111.79°	38.96°	1 392	南 South	6	104.00 ± 15.18^a	0.61 ± 0.22^a	0.06
	111.79°	38.97°	1 390			107.00 ± 8.78^a	0.37 ± 0.11^a	0.05
	111.79°	38.97°	1 389			97.17 ± 5.04^a	0.38 ± 0.12^a	0.04
平均 Mean						102.72 ± 9.67^a	0.45 ± 0.15^a	0.05
12	111.78°	38.97°	1 433	东南 Southeast	4	138.57 ± 8.00^abc	1.47 ± 0.12^ab	0.73
	111.77°	38.77°	1 440			133.15 ± 6.85^ab	1.94 ± 0.85^abc	0.78
	111.76°	38.98°	1 446			141.65 ± 6.30^abc	0.92 ± 0.18^a	0.61
平均 Mean						137.79 ± 7.05^abc	1.44 ± 0.38^ab	0.71
18	111.77°	38.98°	1 435	东南 Southeast	5	201.50 ± 12.12^cde	5.02 ± 2.36^abcde	1.05
	111.78°	38.98°	1 447			183.92 ± 11.11^cde	2.32 ± 0.44^abc	1.08
	111.78°	38.98°	1 453			188.48 ± 15.42^cde	4.62 ± 0.89^abcd	1.06
总计 Total						191.30 ± 12.88^cde	3.99 ± 1.23^abc	1.06
40	111.78°	38.97°	1 323	南 South	4	221.04 ± 8.15^e	7.00 ± 0.98^bcdef	0.98
	111.79°	38.97°	1 396			198.00 ± 9.87^bcde	6.83 ± 0.28^bcdef	1.14
	111.79°	38.97°	1 404			204.22 ± 7.74^bcd	4.69 ± 1.35^abcd	1.23
平均 Mean						207.75 ± 8.59^bcd	6.17 ± 0.87^bcdef	1.12
50	111.78°	38.98°	1 428	南 South	4	218.17 ± 5.42^de	10.37 ± 6.05^def	1.11
	111.78°	38.98°	1 448			237.32 ± 3.81^de	7.70 ± 1.66^cdef	1.07
	111.78°	38.97°	1 472			225.38 ± 7.65^de	7.43 ± 0.71^cdef	1.05
平均 Mean						226.96 ± 5.63^de	8.05 ± 2.81^cdef	1.08

林龄 Forest age (a)	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Aspect	坡度 Slope degree (°)	株高 Plant height (cm)	生物量 Biomass (kg·m^-2)	郁闭度 Crown density
0 (撂荒地) 0 (Abandoned land)	111.78°	38.96°	1 446
	111.78°	38.96°	1 433
	111.74°	38.99°	1 440
6	111.79°	38.96°	1 392	南 South	6	104.00 ± 15.18^a	0.61 ± 0.22^a	0.06
	111.79°	38.97°	1 390			107.00 ± 8.78^a	0.37 ± 0.11^a	0.05
	111.79°	38.97°	1 389			97.17 ± 5.04^a	0.38 ± 0.12^a	0.04
平均 Mean						102.72 ± 9.67^a	0.45 ± 0.15^a	0.05
12	111.78°	38.97°	1 433	东南 Southeast	4	138.57 ± 8.00^abc	1.47 ± 0.12^ab	0.73
	111.77°	38.77°	1 440			133.15 ± 6.85^ab	1.94 ± 0.85^abc	0.78
	111.76°	38.98°	1 446			141.65 ± 6.30^abc	0.92 ± 0.18^a	0.61
平均 Mean						137.79 ± 7.05^abc	1.44 ± 0.38^ab	0.71
18	111.77°	38.98°	1 435	东南 Southeast	5	201.50 ± 12.12^cde	5.02 ± 2.36^abcde	1.05
	111.78°	38.98°	1 447			183.92 ± 11.11^cde	2.32 ± 0.44^abc	1.08
	111.78°	38.98°	1 453			188.48 ± 15.42^cde	4.62 ± 0.89^abcd	1.06
总计 Total						191.30 ± 12.88^cde	3.99 ± 1.23^abc	1.06
40	111.78°	38.97°	1 323	南 South	4	221.04 ± 8.15^e	7.00 ± 0.98^bcdef	0.98
	111.79°	38.97°	1 396			198.00 ± 9.87^bcde	6.83 ± 0.28^bcdef	1.14
	111.79°	38.97°	1 404			204.22 ± 7.74^bcd	4.69 ± 1.35^abcd	1.23
平均 Mean						207.75 ± 8.59^bcd	6.17 ± 0.87^bcdef	1.12
50	111.78°	38.98°	1 428	南 South	4	218.17 ± 5.42^de	10.37 ± 6.05^def	1.11
	111.78°	38.98°	1 448			237.32 ± 3.81^de	7.70 ± 1.66^cdef	1.07
	111.78°	38.97°	1 472			225.38 ± 7.65^de	7.43 ± 0.71^cdef	1.05
平均 Mean						226.96 ± 5.63^de	8.05 ± 2.81^cdef	1.08

林龄 Forest age (a)	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·kg^-1)	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·kg^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids (mg·kg^-1)	总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·kg^-1)
6	1.74 ± 0.041^a	0.58 ± 0.017^a	0.37 ± 0.005^a	2.32 ± 0.058^a
12	1.45 ± 0.051^ab	0.52 ± 0.029^ab	0.27 ± 0.007^b	1.95 ± 0.075^ab
18	1.28 ± 0.051^b	0.50 ± 0.026^b	0.23 ± 0.009^b	1.80 ± 0.076^ab
40	1.18 ± 0.063^b	0.47 ± 0.032^b	0.22 ± 0.007^b	1.65 ± 0.093^b
50	1.02 ± 0.049^b	0.39 ± 0.022^b	0.23 ± 0.008^b	1.40 ± 0.070^b

林龄 Forest age (a)	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·kg^-1)	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·kg^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids (mg·kg^-1)	总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·kg^-1)
6	1.74 ± 0.041^a	0.58 ± 0.017^a	0.37 ± 0.005^a	2.32 ± 0.058^a
12	1.45 ± 0.051^ab	0.52 ± 0.029^ab	0.27 ± 0.007^b	1.95 ± 0.075^ab
18	1.28 ± 0.051^b	0.50 ± 0.026^b	0.23 ± 0.009^b	1.80 ± 0.076^ab
40	1.18 ± 0.063^b	0.47 ± 0.032^b	0.22 ± 0.007^b	1.65 ± 0.093^b
50	1.02 ± 0.049^b	0.39 ± 0.022^b	0.23 ± 0.008^b	1.40 ± 0.070^b

	含水量 SWC	有机碳含量 SOC content	全氮含量 STN content	全磷含量 STP content	C:N	C:P	N:P
含水量 SWC	1
有机碳含量 SOC content	0.412^*	1
全氮含量 STN content	0.559^**	0.357^**	1
全磷含量 STP content	0.614^**	0.033	0.298^*	1
C:N	-0.223^*	0.295^*	-0.276^*	-0.188	1
C:P	0.034	0.653^**	0.167	-0.323^*	0.271^*	1
N:P	0.023	0.485^**	0.377^**	-0.257^*	0.222^*	0.889^**	1

晋西北丘陵风沙区柠条锦鸡儿叶片与土壤生态化学计量特征

Leaf and soil ecological stoichiometry of Caragana korshinskii in windy and sandy hilly region of northwest Shanxi, China

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	C	N	P	C:N	C:P	N:P
C	1
N	0.145	1
P	0.077	-0.262^*	1
C:N	0.014	-0.913^**	0.221^*	1
C:P	0.103	0.750^*	-0.782^*	-0.645	1
N:P	0.066	0.355^*	-0.942	-0.290^*	0.874^**	1

地区 Region	研究对象 Research object	C (mg·kg^-1)	N (mg·kg^-1)	P (mg·kg^-1)	C:N	C:P	N:P	参考文献 References
本研究区 This study area	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	449.07 ± 1.28 (n = 50)	23.42 ± 0.91 (n = 50)	1.64 ± 0.07 (n = 50)	21.28 ± 0.21 (n = 50)	298.28 ± 13.09 (n = 50)	16.01 ± 1.11 (n = 50)	本研究 This study
黄土丘陵 The loess hill	油松 Pinus tabulaeformis	526.18 ± 11.99 (n = 12)	10.61 ± 0.74 (n = 12)	0.88 ± 0.18 (n = 12)	49.85 ± 4.31 (n = 12)	619.16 ± 116.55 (n = 12)	12.53 ± 2.60 (n = 12)	Jiang et al., 2016
阿拉善 Alxa	植物 Plant	397.01 ± 55.42 (n = 54)	10.65 ± 7.91 (n = 54)	1.04 ± 0.81 (n = 54)	66.70 ± 60.81 (n = 54)	683.16 ± 561.94 (n = 54)	11.53 ± 5.06 (n = 54)	Zhang et al., 2014
亚热带 Subtropic	油茶 Camellia oleifera	503.47 ± 11.76 (n = 96)	13.49 ± 2.65 (n = 96)	0.77 ± 0.18 (n = 96)	39.33 ± 7.93 (n = 96)	701.86 ± 172.92 (n = 96)	18.05 ± 3.92 (n = 96)	Deng et al., 2019
中国 China	植物 Plant	-	20.20 ± 8.40 (n = 554)	1.46 ± 0.99 (n = 754)	-	-	16.30 ± 9.32 (n = 547)	Han et al., 2005
全球 World	植物 Plant	464.00 ± 32.10 (n = 492)	20.60 ± 12.20 (n = 492)	1.99 ± 1.49 (n = 492)	22.50 ± 10.60 (n = 492)	232.00 ± 145.00 (n = 492)	12.70 ± 6.82 (n = 492)	Elser et al., 2000

地区 Region	研究对象 Research object	含水量 Water content (%)	C (mg·kg^-1)	N (mg·kg^-1)	P (mg·kg^-1)	C:N	C:P	N:P	参考文献 Reference
本研究区 This study area	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	11.75 ± 0.25 (n = 50)	3.07 ± 0.09 (n = 50)	0.48 ± 0.02 (n = 50)	0.62 ± 0.01 (n = 50)	10.27 ± 1.78 (n = 50)	7.55 ± 0.89 (n = 50)	1.16 ± 0.15 (n = 50)	本研究 This study
黄土丘陵 The loess hill	油松 Pinus tabulaeformis	-	35.65 ± 9.34 (n = 12)	1.67 ± 0.25 (n = 12)	0.57 ± 0.30 (n = 12)	21.35 ± 7.26 (n = 12)	62.54 ± 6.65 (n = 12)	2.92 ± 0.41 (n = 12)	Jiang et al., 2016
亚热带 Subtropic	油茶 Camellia oleifera	-	17.37 ± 4.08 (n = 96)	1.52 ± 0.41 (n = 96)	0.36 ± 0.17 (n = 96)	11.23 ± 1.65 (n = 96)	57.20 ± 25.09 (n = 96)	5.00 ± 2.02 (n = 96)	Zhang et al., 2014
全球 World	植物 Plant	-	-	-	2.81 ± 0.71 (n = 492)	66.20 ± 6.30 (n = 492)	314.12 ± 34.19 (n = 492)	45.50 ± 3.21 (n = 492)	Elser et al., 2000

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