添加秸秆及其生物炭对茉莉植株与土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0398

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 530-545.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0398

所属专题：生态化学计量

添加秸秆及其生物炭对茉莉植株与土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

林少颖¹, 曾瑜², 杨文文³, 陈斌³, 阮敏敏³, 尹晓雷¹, 阳祥¹, 王维奇¹^,^*()

1.福建师范大学地理研究所, 湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007
2.闽榕茶业有限公司, 福州 350018
3.福州市农业农村局, 福州 350026

收稿日期:2021-11-05 接受日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-22
通讯作者: *(wangweiqi15@163.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41571287)

Effects of straw and biochar addition on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in Jasminum sambac plant and soil

LIN Shao-Ying¹, ZENG Yu², YANG Wen-Wen³, CHEN Bin³, RUAN Min-Min³, YIN Xiao-Lei¹, YANG Xiang¹, WANG Wei-Qi¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Geography, Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
2. Minrong Tea Co., Ltd, Fuzhou 350018, China
3. Fuzhou Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Fuzhou 350026, China

Received:2021-11-05 Accepted:2022-04-22 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2022-04-22
Contact: *(wangweiqi15@163.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571287)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究植物不同器官碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其生态化学计量特征对深入了解土壤养分元素在循环过程中的相互耦合关系具有重要指示意义。在福州茉莉(Jasminum sambac)种植基地, 设置对照、秸秆、生物炭添加处理, 测定茉莉植株的生长特性、茉莉不同器官和土壤C、N、P含量, 分析其生态化学计量特征。结果表明: 与对照处理相比, 秸秆添加处理的茉莉叶生物量显著增加了73.33%, 土壤盐度和土壤温度均显著降低了37.04%和1.41%; 而生物炭添加处理的茉莉株高、叶面积及叶、茎生物量较对照处理分别显著增加了26.11%、29.42%、239.59%和96.04%, 土壤密度和土壤温度显著降低了18.33%和1.79%。不同添加处理下, 茉莉叶和茎的C含量及叶N含量均无显著差异, 而根和土壤的C、N含量则表现为生物炭添加处理显著高于秸秆添加处理和对照处理; 茉莉叶、茎和根P含量均表现为生物炭添加处理>对照处理>秸秆添加处理, 且生物炭添加处理比对照处理分别显著提高了41.68%、43.73%和24.63%, 而土壤P含量则表现为生物炭添加处理>秸秆添加处理>对照处理。其次, 生物炭添加处理较对照处理降低了叶、茎、根和土壤的C:P, 且显著降低了茉莉叶和茎的N:P, 而根和土壤则反之。此外, 茉莉不同器官的C、N、P元素内稳性整体表现为C > N > P, 比值内稳性表现为N:P > C:P > C:N。综合而言, 生物炭添加增加了茉莉地上植株对N、P的吸收和同化量, 进一步促进了植物-土壤系统的固碳与内稳性。

关键词: 秸秆, 生物炭, 土壤, 生态化学计量学, 茉莉园

Abstract:

Aims The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in different plant organs and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics are important for understanding of the relationships among soil nutrients in their cycling process. The purpose of this study was to explore the variations of ecological stoichiometry of plant and soil C, N, and P in a jasmine (Jasminum sambac) plantation and their stoichiometric homeostasis under three different treatments.

Methods We set up three treatments: control, straw addition and biochar addition, and measured growth characteristic parameters of jasmine and C, N, P contents in different jasmine organs and in the soil and then analyzed their ecological stoichiometric characteristics.

Important findings Results showed that compared to the control, the straw addition treatment significantly increased the leaf biomass of jasmine by 73.33%, and decreased the soil salinity and soil temperature by 37.04% and 1.41%, respectively. Additionally, the biochar addition treatment significantly increased the plant height, leaf area, leaf and stem biomass of jasmine by 26.11%, 29.42%, 239.59% and 96.04%, while the soil density and soil temperature were significantly lower under the biochar addition treatment than under the control by 18.33% and 1.79%, respectively. Under different treatments, there was no significant difference in leaf or stem C content, or leaf N content. Root and soil C and N contents were significantly higher under biochar addition treatment than under straw addition and control treatments. The P contents of jasmine leaf, stem, root were in the order of biochar addition treatment > control treatment > straw addition treatment, while the soil P content was in the order of biochar addition treatment > straw addition treatment > control treatment. Compared with the control treatment, the biochar addition treatment decreased the C:P of leaf, stem, root and soil, and significantly decreased the N:P of jasmine leaf and stem, while increasing the N:P of root and soil. The overall internal stability of C, N, and P in different organs of jasmine was in the order of C > N > P, and the C:N, C:P and N:P were in the order of N:P > C:P > C:N. In summary, the application of biochar addition increased the absorption and assimilation of N and P by above-ground plants, and further promoted the C sequestration and homeostasis in the plant-soil system.

Key words: straw, biochar, soil, ecological stoichiometry, jasmine plantation

林少颖, 曾瑜, 杨文文, 陈斌, 阮敏敏, 尹晓雷, 阳祥, 王维奇. 添加秸秆及其生物炭对茉莉植株与土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(4): 530-545. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0398

LIN Shao-Ying, ZENG Yu, YANG Wen-Wen, CHEN Bin, RUAN Min-Min, YIN Xiao-Lei, YANG Xiang, WANG Wei-Qi. Effects of straw and biochar addition on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in Jasminum sambac plant and soil. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(4): 530-545. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0398

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0398

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I4/530

图/表 9

表1 秸秆及其生物炭主要养分元素含量(g·kg-1)

Table 1 Content of major nutrient elements in the straw and biochar (g·kg-1)

添加物 Addition material	碳 Carbon	氮 Nitrogen	磷 Phosphorus	钙 Calcium	铁 Iron	钾 Potassium	镁 Magnesium	硫 Sulfur
秸秆 Straw	359.63	20.10	0.31	6.59	3.82	10.07	3.90	1.90
生物炭 Biochar	422.53	10.49	1.56	19.09	4.82	18.01	8.52	1.68

表2 不同添加处理茉莉生长性状特征(平均值±标准误)

Table 2 Growth characteristic parameters of Jasminum sambac under different treatments (mean ± SE)

添加处理 Addition treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	根长 Root length (cm)	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	生物量 Biomass (g·m^-2)
添加处理 Addition treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	根长 Root length (cm)	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	叶 Leaf	茎 Stem	根 Root
对照 Control	67.40 ± 6.37^b	17.06 ± 1.16^a	26.99 ± 2.66^b	196.71 ± 37.12^c	854.57 ± 62.17^b	251.71 ± 31.81^a
秸秆 Straw	69.80 ± 6.37^ab	17.76 ± 1.56^a	32.29 ± 2.56^ab	340.97 ± 42.67^b	654.74 ± 52.61^c	226.34 ± 69.51^a
生物炭 Biochar	85.00 ± 6.37^a	20.52 ± 1.59^a	34.93 ± 1.83^a	668.00 ± 37.48^a	1 675.29 ± 75.92^a	219.43 ± 33.92^a

表3 不同添加处理茉莉土壤理化性质特征(平均值±标准误)

Table 3 Soil physical and chemical characteristics of a Jasminum sambac plantation under different treatments (mean ± SE)

添加处理 Addition treatment	pH	盐度 Salinity (mS·cm^-1)	密度 Density (g·cm^-3)	含水量 Water content (%)	土壤温度 Soil temperature (℃)
对照 Control	5.42 ± 0.25^b	0.27 ± 0.03^a	1.20 ± 0.05^a	21.65 ± 1.40^ab	26.86 ± 0.15^a
秸秆 Straw	5.27 ± 0.16^b	0.17 ± 0.01^b	1.15 ± 0.04^a	19.54 ± 0.49^b	26.48 ± 0.13^b
生物炭 Biochar	6.10 ± 0.24^a	0.30 ± 0.04^a	0.98 ± 0.05^b	23.54 ± 1.30^a	26.38 ± 0.03^b

图1 添加秸秆和生物炭对茉莉各器官和土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其化学计量比(平均值±标准差)的影响。不同小写字母表示添加处理间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同大写字母表示不同器官和土壤间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of straw and biochar addition on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents and stoichiometric ratio (mean ± SD) of C, N, P of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) plant and soil. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among addition treatments (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between the plant organs and soil (p < 0.05).

图2 不同添加处理下茉莉各器官和土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量(A)及其化学计量比(B)的主成分(PC)分析。 Salinity, 土壤盐度; SD, 土壤密度; ST, 土壤温度; WC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 2 Principal component (PC) analysis on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents (A) and stoichiometric ratio (B) of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) plant and soil under different addition treatments. SD, soil density; ST, soil temperature; WC, soil water content.

图3 环境因子与茉莉各器官和土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量(A)及其化学计量比(B)之间的Pearson相关性。 *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。L, 叶; R, 根; S, 茎。Salinity, 土壤盐度; SD, 土壤密度; ST, 土壤温度; WC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 3 Pearson’s correlation coefficient between environmental factors and carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents (A) and their stoichiometric ratios (B) in jasmine (Jasminum sambac) plant and soil. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. L, leaf; R, root; S, stem. SD, soil density; ST, soil temperature; WC, soil water content.

图4 茉莉不同器官碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其化学计量比与土壤C、N、P含量的线性拟合。

Fig. 4 Linear fitting of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents and their stoichiometric ratios in different plant organs and soils.

图5 茉莉不同器官(A)、不同添加处理(B)与土壤之间的化学计量内稳性指数。 L, 叶; P, 植物; R, 根; S, 茎。Bi, 生物炭添加; CK, 对照; St, 秸秆添加。H, 内稳性。C, 碳; N, 氮; P, 磷。

Fig. 5 Stoichiometric homeostasis index between different organs of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) (A) and different addition treatments (B) to soil. L, leaf; P, plant; R, root; S, stem. Bi, biochar addition; CK, control; St, straw addition. H, homeostasis. C, carbon; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorus.

图6 三种处理下茉莉植株-土壤养分特征概念模型。

Fig. 6 A conceptual model of nutrient characteristics of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) plant and soil under three different treatments.

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添加秸秆及其生物炭对茉莉植株与土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

Effects of straw and biochar addition on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in Jasminum sambac plant and soil

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