Effects of warming on phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in Picea asperata and Fargesia nitida

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0221

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Leaf and root are sensitive to environmental changes. There are many studies about the responses of leaf and root to climate warming, but the effects of warming on phyllosphere and rhizospheric soil bacterial communities remain unclear.

Methods Two dominant species (Picea asperata and Fargesia nitida) of subalpine coniferous forest in the eastern Qingzang Plateau were selected, and the compositional and functional characteristics of phyllosphere and rhizosphere soil bacterial community between the two species and their responses to simulated warming were studied.

Important findings The results showed that the Chao index and Shannon-Wiener index of bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than those in phyllosphere of both species. The bacterial diversity in P. asperata was decreased by warming, but that in F. nitida was increased under warming conditions. There were significant differences in bacterial community composition and structure between phyllosphere and rhizosphere. Rhizobiales (41%-46%) were the dominant order of phyllosphere bacterial community, and Vicinamibacterales were the dominant bacterial order in rhizosphere soil. The relative abundance of Burkholderiales and Corynebacteriales increased by about two times in P. asperata phyllosphere, and Acidobacteriales in F. nitida phyllosphere were also increased under warming conditions. However, the rhizosphere bacterial community composition of the two species was less affected by warming. The complexity of rhizosphere bacterial co-occurrence network was higher than that of phyllosphere in both species. The number of links in co-occurrence networks of P. asperata phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial community were increased by warming, but this index was decreased in F. nitida phyllosphere and rhizosphere under warming conditions. According to FAPROTAX, the relative abundance of bacterial groups involved in carbon cycling and nitrogen fixation in rhizosphere were significantly higher than those in phyllosphere. The predictive functions of phyllosphere bacteria were more sensitive to warming than those of rhizosphere, and warming increased urealysis function of phyllosphere bacteria community of both species, but significantly decreased the phyllosphere predictive functions of nitrogen respiration, nitrate reduction and nitrate respiration in F. nitida and that of nitrogen fixation in P. asperata. Therefore, there were significant differences in structure and function of bacterial community between rhizosphere and phyllosphere, and the phyllosphere bacterial community was more sensitive to warming than those in the rhizosphere soil.

Key words: phyllosphere, rhizosphere, warming, bacterial community, Qingzang Plateau

LI Yun-Yi, ZHENG Jin, YAN Xiao-Yan, LI Shuang, LUO Lin, TONG Jin, ZHAO Chun-Zhang. Effects of warming on phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in Picea asperata and Fargesia nitida[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(12): 1692-1707.

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References 108

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	指数 Index	组间比较 Component comparison				p
	指数 Index	LU	LW	SU	SW	R	W	R × W
云杉 Picea asperata	Chao	781.33 ± 199.63^bc	563.77 ± 121.65^c	1337.98 ± 165.33^a	1167.56 ± 49.55^ab	0.004	0.219	0.875
	Shannon-Wiener	4.95 ± 0.21^b	4.13 ± 0.32^c	6.69 ± 0.10^a	6.58 ± 0.04^a	<0.0 01	0.048	0.114
	Simpson	0.07 ± 0.01^b	0.03 ± 0.01^b	0.43 ± 0.04^a	0.41 ± 0.03^a	<0.001	0.275	0.859
华西箭竹 Fargesia nitida	Chao	348.29 ± 79.32^b	480.75 ± 51.24^b	2147.78 ± 45.24^a	2307.66 ± 117.88^a	<0.001	0.101	0.866
	Shannon-Wiener	3.81 ± 0.24^b	4.01 ± 0.10^b	7.12 ± 0.02^a	7.18 ± 0.04^a	<0.001	0.370	0.626
	Simpson	0.06 ± 0.02^b	0.05 ± 0.01^b	0.47 ± 0.02^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a	<0.001	0.383	0.860

	指数 Index	组间比较 Component comparison				p
	指数 Index	LU	LW	SU	SW	R	W	R × W
云杉 Picea asperata	Chao	781.33 ± 199.63^bc	563.77 ± 121.65^c	1337.98 ± 165.33^a	1167.56 ± 49.55^ab	0.004	0.219	0.875
	Shannon-Wiener	4.95 ± 0.21^b	4.13 ± 0.32^c	6.69 ± 0.10^a	6.58 ± 0.04^a	<0.0 01	0.048	0.114
	Simpson	0.07 ± 0.01^b	0.03 ± 0.01^b	0.43 ± 0.04^a	0.41 ± 0.03^a	<0.001	0.275	0.859
华西箭竹 Fargesia nitida	Chao	348.29 ± 79.32^b	480.75 ± 51.24^b	2147.78 ± 45.24^a	2307.66 ± 117.88^a	<0.001	0.101	0.866
	Shannon-Wiener	3.81 ± 0.24^b	4.01 ± 0.10^b	7.12 ± 0.02^a	7.18 ± 0.04^a	<0.001	0.370	0.626
	Simpson	0.06 ± 0.02^b	0.05 ± 0.01^b	0.47 ± 0.02^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a	<0.001	0.383	0.860

细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p	细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p
细菌目 Bacterial order	LU	LW		细菌目 Bacterial order	SU	SW
Rhizobiales	46.11 ± 2.00	45.71 ± 3.63	0.928	Vicinamibacterales	16.54 ± 4.11	11.31 ± 2.75	0.350
Sphingomonadales	10.80 ± 1.38	8.20 ± 2.88	0.462	Rhizobiales	10.32 ± 0.23	10.98 ± 1.37	0.658
Burkholderiales	4.37 ± 1.69	11.96 ± 4.45	0.192	Burkholderiales	5.88 ± 0.62	5.98 ± 0.60	0.917
Acetobacterales	8.06 ± 1.15	5.76 ± 2.67	0.472	Gaiellales	4.99 ± 0.56	6.16 ± 0.56	0.216
Micrococcales	4.72 ± 0.81	4.41 ± 0.88	0.807	Micrococcales	4.24 ± 0.71	4.95 ± 0.36	0.419
Cytophagales	2.22 ± 0.21	2.50 ± 0.77	0.722	norank_c__KD4-96	2.38 ± 0.35	3.28 ± 0.54	0.236
Acidobacteriales	3.37 ± 2.02	1.06 ± 0.60	0.332	Microtrichales	2.32 ± 0.37	2.96 ± 0.45	0.335
Frankiales	2.87 ± 0.60	1.51 ± 0.18	0.096	IMCC26256	2.03 ± 0.23	2.58 ± 0.32	0.235
Corynebacteriales	0.94 ± 0.20	3.07 ± 2.01	0.351	Bacillales	1.74 ± 0.16	2.83 ± 1.15	0.398
Propionibacteriales	1.63 ± 0.24	1.85 ± 0.35	0.629	Solirubrobacterales	1.93 ± 0.35	2.25 ± 0.19	0.453

细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p	细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p
细菌目 Bacterial order	LU	LW		细菌目 Bacterial order	SU	SW
Rhizobiales	46.11 ± 2.00	45.71 ± 3.63	0.928	Vicinamibacterales	16.54 ± 4.11	11.31 ± 2.75	0.350
Sphingomonadales	10.80 ± 1.38	8.20 ± 2.88	0.462	Rhizobiales	10.32 ± 0.23	10.98 ± 1.37	0.658
Burkholderiales	4.37 ± 1.69	11.96 ± 4.45	0.192	Burkholderiales	5.88 ± 0.62	5.98 ± 0.60	0.917
Acetobacterales	8.06 ± 1.15	5.76 ± 2.67	0.472	Gaiellales	4.99 ± 0.56	6.16 ± 0.56	0.216
Micrococcales	4.72 ± 0.81	4.41 ± 0.88	0.807	Micrococcales	4.24 ± 0.71	4.95 ± 0.36	0.419
Cytophagales	2.22 ± 0.21	2.50 ± 0.77	0.722	norank_c__KD4-96	2.38 ± 0.35	3.28 ± 0.54	0.236
Acidobacteriales	3.37 ± 2.02	1.06 ± 0.60	0.332	Microtrichales	2.32 ± 0.37	2.96 ± 0.45	0.335
Frankiales	2.87 ± 0.60	1.51 ± 0.18	0.096	IMCC26256	2.03 ± 0.23	2.58 ± 0.32	0.235
Corynebacteriales	0.94 ± 0.20	3.07 ± 2.01	0.351	Bacillales	1.74 ± 0.16	2.83 ± 1.15	0.398
Propionibacteriales	1.63 ± 0.24	1.85 ± 0.35	0.629	Solirubrobacterales	1.93 ± 0.35	2.25 ± 0.19	0.453

细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p	细菌目 Bacterial order	相对丰度 Relative abundance		p
细菌目 Bacterial order	LU	LW		细菌目 Bacterial order	SU	SW
Rhizobiales	41.62 ± 5.53	45.77 ± 1.49	0.508	Vicinamibacterales	11.44 ± 2.45	10.29 ± 0.27	0.664
Acetobacterales	14.94 ± 4.61	16.07 ± 2.00	0.833	Rhizobiales	8.95 ± 0.63	8.69 ± 0.35	0.730
Sphingomonadales	6.31 ± 0.71	7.60 ± 1.40	0.457	Gaiellales	5.35 ± 0.08	5.44 ± 0.20	0.692
Cytophagales	5.71 ± 1.24	6.93 ± 1.17	0.514	Burkholderiales	4.90 ± 0.23	5.22 ± 0.34	0.469
Burkholderiales	8.12 ± 2.61	4.41 ± 1.40	0.279	Bacillales	4.12 ± 0.63	4.19 ± 0.27	0.917
Micrococcales	2.83 ± 0.45	3.57 ± 0.85	0.480	Solirubrobacterales	3.81 ± 0.55	3.23 ± 0.11	0.356
Acidobacteriales	2.77 ± 0.44	2.93 ± 1.16	0.903	Micrococcales	3.12 ± 0.64	3.57 ± 0.60	0.635
Pseudomonadales	3.05 ± 0.64	1.20 ± 0.32	0.062	norank_c__KD4-96	2.80 ± 0.15	3.85 ± 0.21	0.015
Enterobacterales	1.15 ± 0.91	1.60 ± 0.63	0.708	Microtrichales	2.59 ± 0.26	2.94 ± 0.50	0.568
Corynebacteriales	2.02 ± 0.46	0.72 ± 0.34	0.086	Propionibacteriales	2.11 ± 0.26	2.37 ± 0.54	0.688