Effect of degrading bacterium HN36 on ultrastructure of flue-cured tobacco stem and leaves under quinclorac stress

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00262

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to determine (a) the effects of quinclorac-degrading bacterium on ultrastructure of tobacco stem and leaves in quinclorac-contaminated soil and (b) the degradation of quinclorac in soil after bacterium HN36 treatment. The research will provide a theoretical basis for soil remediation by degrading bacteria and for tobacco production safety.
Methods We treated quinclorac-contaminated soil with degrading bacterium HN36 and then observed the ultrastructure of tobacco leaves using an electron microscope and determined chemical composition.
Important findings Cell ultrastructures of stem and tip leaves were more affected by quinclorac than those of middle leaves. The degrading bacterium HN36 had a positive effect on ultrastructure of tobacco leaves. The degradation of quinclorac in soil treated with the degrading bacterium was significantly faster than in untreated soil. Applying quinclorac-degrading bacterium HN36 to the soil contaminated by quinclorac could mitigate phytotoxicity of the tobacco cell ultrastructure and accelerate the degradation of quinclorac in soil.

Key words: degrading bacterium HN36, quality, quinclorac, tobacco, ultrastructure

LIU Hua-Shan, ZUO Tao, HAN Jin-Feng, XU Shu-Xia, ZHANG Zhi-Yong, WANG Xiao-Jun, YUAN Shi-Hao, PU Wen-Xuan, YI Jian-Hua. Effect of degrading bacterium HN36 on ultrastructure of flue-cured tobacco stem and leaves under quinclorac stress[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(3): 262-268.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00262

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2012/V36/I3/262

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Effects of degrading bacterium HN36 on ultrastructure of tobacco stem tip cell under quinclorac stress. A, Normal plant. B, Phytoxicity plant. C, Repaired plant. D, Normal plant. E, Phytoxicity plant. F, Repaired plant. Ch, chloroplast; Cw, cell wall; Nu, cell nucleus; S, starch; GL, grana lamella.

Fig. 2 Effects of degrading bacterium HN36 on cell ultrastructure of tobacco tip leaves under quinclorac stress. A, Normal plant. B, Phytoxicity plant. C, Repaired plant. D, Normal plant. E, Phytoxicity plant. F, Repaired plant. Ch, chloroplast; Cw, cell wall; S, starch.

Fig. 3 Effects of degrading bacterium HN36 on ultrastructure of tobacco middle leaves cell under quinclorac stress. A, Normal plant. B, Phytoxicity plant. C, Repaired plant. D, Normal plant. E, Phytoxicity plant. F, Repaired plant. Ch, chloroplast; GL, grana lamella; S, starch.

Table 1 Effects of degradation of quinclorac with different concentration of bacterium NH36

处理 Treatment	0 d		15 d		30 d		45 d		60 d
处理 Treatment	二氯喹啉酸浓度 Quinclorac concentration	降解率Degradation rate (%)	二氯喹啉酸浓度 Quinclorac concentration	降解率Degradation rate (%)	二氯喹啉酸浓度 Quinclorac concentration	降解率Degradation rate (%)	二氯喹啉酸浓度 Quinclorac concentration	降解率Degradation rate (%)	二氯喹啉酸浓度 Quinclorac concentration	降解率 Degradation rate (%)
	(mg·kg^-1)		(mg·kg^-1)		(mg·kg^-1)		(mg·kg^-1)		(mg·kg^-1)
T0	0.085 3	0	0.075 5	11.49	0.058 1	31.89	0.052 6	38.34	0.047 2	44.67
T1	0.085 8	0	0.046 4	45.92	0.043 6	49.18	0.015 9	81.47	0.007 5	91.26
T2	0.085 9	0	0.039 9	53.55	0.022 0	74.39	0.004 9	94.30	-	100.00
T3	0.085 2	0	0.037 6	55.87	0.015 2	82.16	0.003 7	95.66	-	100.00

Table 2 Effects of degrading bacterium HN36 on the main chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves under quinclorac stress (%)

处理 Treatment	总糖 Total sugar	还原糖 Reducing sugar	淀粉 Starch	总氮 Total nitrogen	烟碱 Nicotine	钾 Potassium
健康烟叶 Normal leaves (CK)	18.85	17.46	7.63	2.02	2.15	1.72
受害烟叶 Phytoxicity leaves	14.52	11.53	5.35	2.38	2.46	1.41
修复烟叶 Repaired leaves	18.57	17.32	7.57	2.06	2.08	1.69

References 16

[1]	Chen ZP (陈泽鹏), Deng JC (邓建朝), Wan SQ (万树青), Wang J (王静), Zhan ZS (詹振寿) (2007). Detoxication of some chemicals for deformity of tobacco by quinclorac. Ecology and Environment (生态环境), 16, 453-456. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Chen ZP (陈泽鹏), Wang J (王静), Wan SQ (万树青), Li HP (李华平), Chen JJ (陈建军), He DH (何东华), Li X (李行), Deng JC (邓建朝), Zhan S (詹寿), Wang WZ (王维专) (2004). Analysis and control of the abnormal growth of tobacco in areas in Guangdong. Acta Tabacaria Sinica (中国烟草学报), 10(3), 34-37. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Grossmann K (1998). Quinclorac belongs to a new class of highly selective auxin herbicides. Weed Science, 46, 707-716.
[4]	Hu J (胡江), Dai XZ (代先祝), Li SP (李顺鹏) (2005). Bioremediation of atrazine in unsterilized soil by two atrazine degradation strains. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 42, 323-327. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	Lu ZM, Sang LY, Li ZM, Min H (2009). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in a Stenotrophomonas maltophilia WZ2 resistant to herbicide pollution. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72, 136-143. URL PMID
[6]	Shang WJ (商文静), Wu YF (吴云锋), Zhao XM (赵小明), Du YG (杜昱光), Shang HS (商鸿生) (2007). Ultrastructure of induced resistance of tobacco to tobacco mosaic virus by chitooligosaccharides. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica (植物病理学报), 37, 56-61. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	Shen B (沈标), Shao JS (邵劲松), Li SP (李顺鹏), Liu Z (刘智), Hong Q (洪青) (2002). Function of Pseudomonas sp. DLL-1 in soil bioremediation. China Environmental Science (中国环境科学), 22, 365-369. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	Tang H (汤洪), Jin G (金刚), Wen ZZ (文宗振), Zhou RY (周瑞阳), Guan HX (关和新) (2008). Ultrastructure changes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaf after glyphosate treatment. Journal of Guangxi Agricultural and Biological Science (广西农业生物科学), 27, 421-424. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	Wang RX (王瑞新) (2003). Tobacco Chemistry (烟草化学). China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[10]	Yang JF (杨基峰), Yu YL (虞云龙), Fang H (方华), Wang X (王晓), Shan M (单敏) (2006). Bioremediation of soil polluted with metsulfuron-methyl. Environmental Chemistry (环境化学), 25, 76-79. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Yu HL (于红丽), Yao RQ (姚瑞芹), Xiao X (肖昕) (2010). The influence of copper stress on ultrastructure of wheat seedlings. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences (安徽农业科学), 38, 12658-12660. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	Yu KL (宇克莉), Meng QM (孟庆敏), Zou JH (邹金华) (2010). Effects of Cd ²+ on seedling growth, chlorophyll contents and ultrastructures in maize . Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica (华北农学报), 25(3), 118-123. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Zabaloy MC, Garland JL, Gomez MA (2010). Assessment of the impact of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) on indigenous herbicide-degrading bacteria and microbial community function in an agricultural soil. Applied Soil Ecology, 46, 240-246.
[14]	Zhang JY (张景云), Bai YM (白雅梅), Yu M (于萌), Li WX (李文霞), Lü WH (吕文河) (2010). Leaf ultrastructure of diploid potato under salt stress. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (东北农业大学学报), 41(8), 7-10. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	Zhang XH, Zhang GS, Zhang ZH, Xu JH, Li SP (2006). Isolation and characterization of a dichlorvos-degrading strain DDV-1 of Ochrobactrum sp. Pedosphere, 16, 64-71.
[16]	Zuo T (左涛), Liu HS (刘华山), Han JF (韩锦峰), Xu SX (徐淑霞), Wang XJ (王晓军), Yuan SH (袁仕豪), Pu WX (蒲文宣), Wang YF (汪耀富), Yi JH (易建华) (2010). Effects of degradation bacteria on reactive oxygen species and protective enzymes of tobacco leaves under quinclorac stress. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences (河南农业科学), 12(13), 36-39. (in Chinese with English abstract)