Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on phloem sap composition and root nitrogen accumulation in oilseed rape

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00073

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The rising global atmospheric CO₂ concentration has become an indisputable fact. It will like to impose significant impacts crops. Our objective was to study the effects of elevated CO₂ concentration on soluble sugars and free amino acids in the phloem sap and nitrogen (N) accumulation in roots.
Methods Two oilseed rape (Brassica napus) varieties, ‘814’ and ‘Xiangyou 15’, were chosen in this study, and the soluble sugars and free amino acids in the phloem sap and nitrogen accumulation in roots were measured under two CO₂ concentrations (normal: 400 μmol·mol^-1, elevated: (800 ± 20) μmol·mol ^-1) and two N application levels (without N application, normal N application).
Important findings The result shows that: 1) Soluble sugars in the phloem of oilseed rape were increased in the elevated CO₂ treatment. With N application, the soluble sugar content reached 0.29% in ‘814’ at the bolting stage, and reached 0.25% in ‘Xiangyou 15’ at the flowering stage; both genotypes had greater soluble sugar content under elevated CO₂ concentration and under the normal CO₂ treatment. 2) Free amino acids in the phloem of oilseed rape were reduced by elevated CO₂ treatment with or without N application in ‘814’. In the treatment without N application, the free amino acids in the phloem of ‘Xiangyou 15’ were increased by 1.87%, 40.43%, 11.01%, and 224.90% under elevated CO₂ at seedling stage, bolting stage, flowering stage, and silique stage, respectively; Whilst with normal N application, the percentage of increases was as high as 7.17%, 29.73%, 15.13%, and 5.38%, respectively. 3) Dry weight and N accumulation of roots were increased by elevated CO₂ treatment. It is demonstrated that the soluble sugars and free amino acids in phloem are positively related to the dry weight and N accumulation of roots.

Key words: atmospheric CO₂ enrichment, Brassica napus, dry biomass, free amino acid, nitrogen (N) accumulation, soluble sugar

YANG Chun, TAN Tai-Long, YU Jia-Ling, LIAO Qiong, ZHANG Xiao-Long, ZHANG Zhen-Hua, SONG Hai-Xing, GUAN Chun-Yun. Effects of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on phloem sap composition and root nitrogen accumulation in oilseed rape[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(7): 776-784.

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Figures/Tables 6

References 34

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品种 Variety	CO₂浓度 CO₂concentration	供氮水平 N application level	处理代码 Designated in the text
欧洲油菜‘814’ Brassica napus ‘814’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	A
	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	N-A
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	CA
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	CN-A
欧洲油菜‘湘油15’ B. napus ‘Xiangyou 15’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	B
欧洲油菜‘湘油15’ B. napus ‘Xiangyou 15’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	N-B
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	CB
		常氮 Normal N application	CN-B

品种 Variety	CO₂浓度 CO₂concentration	供氮水平 N application level	处理代码 Designated in the text
欧洲油菜‘814’ Brassica napus ‘814’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	A
	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	N-A
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	CA
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	CN-A
欧洲油菜‘湘油15’ B. napus ‘Xiangyou 15’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	B
欧洲油菜‘湘油15’ B. napus ‘Xiangyou 15’	自然CO₂浓度 Normal CO₂ concentration	常氮 Normal N application	N-B
	高CO₂浓度 Elevated CO₂ concentration	低氮 Without N application	CB
		常氮 Normal N application	CN-B

处理 Treatment	苗期 Seedling stage	抽薹期 Bolting stage	盛花期 Flowering stage	角果发育期 Silique stage
A	3.24 ± 0.01^gG	7.29 ± 0.24^eE	9.48 ± 0.26^eE	9.31 ± 0.48^eE
CA	5.14 ± 0.09^bB	10.50 ± 0.21^dD	11.38 ± 0.46^dD	12.03 ± 0.33^cCD
N-A	3.86 ± 0.09^eE	16.28 ± 0.82^bB	18.13 ± 0.26^bB	10.92 ± 0.74^dD
CN-A	4.18 ± 0.07^dD	17.62 ± 0.62^aA	19.70 ± 0.59^aA	14.51 ± 0.56^bB
B	3.53 ± 0.03^fF	7.67 ± 0.06^eE	8.96 ± 0.11^eE	8.94 ± 0.30^eE
CB	5.99 ± 0.08^aA	13.29 ± 0.48^cC	11.59 ± 0.32^dD	12.63 ± 0.71^cC
N-B	3.96 ± 0.21e^DE	10.05 ± 0.46^dD	14.27 ± 0.28^cC	12.02 ± 0.32^cCD
CN-B	4.52 ± 0.04^cC	17.64 ± 0.21^aA	19.35 ± 0.36^aA	16.55 ± 0.379^aA

处理 Treatment	苗期 Seedling stage	抽薹期 Bolting stage	盛花期 Flowering stage	角果发育期 Silique stage
A	3.24 ± 0.01^gG	7.29 ± 0.24^eE	9.48 ± 0.26^eE	9.31 ± 0.48^eE
CA	5.14 ± 0.09^bB	10.50 ± 0.21^dD	11.38 ± 0.46^dD	12.03 ± 0.33^cCD
N-A	3.86 ± 0.09^eE	16.28 ± 0.82^bB	18.13 ± 0.26^bB	10.92 ± 0.74^dD
CN-A	4.18 ± 0.07^dD	17.62 ± 0.62^aA	19.70 ± 0.59^aA	14.51 ± 0.56^bB
B	3.53 ± 0.03^fF	7.67 ± 0.06^eE	8.96 ± 0.11^eE	8.94 ± 0.30^eE
CB	5.99 ± 0.08^aA	13.29 ± 0.48^cC	11.59 ± 0.32^dD	12.63 ± 0.71^cC
N-B	3.96 ± 0.21e^DE	10.05 ± 0.46^dD	14.27 ± 0.28^cC	12.02 ± 0.32^cCD
CN-B	4.52 ± 0.04^cC	17.64 ± 0.21^aA	19.35 ± 0.36^aA	16.55 ± 0.379^aA

处理 Treatment	苗期 Seedling stage	抽薹期 Bolting stage	盛花期 Flowering stage	角果发育期 Silique stage
A	0.036 ± 0.002^fF	0.121 ± 0.005^fF	0.089 ± 0.002^dD	0.052 ± 0.004^eEF
CA	0.047 ± 0.000^eE	0.124 ± 0.000^fF	0.081 ± 0.000^dD	0.061 ± 0.004^dDE
N-A	0.058 ± 0.001^cC	0.286 ± 0.011^cC	0.283 ± 0.007^bB	0.102 ± 0.003^cC
CN-A	0.071 ± 0.002^bB	0.336 ± 0.013^bB	0.316 ± 0.025^aA	0.147 ± 0.007^bB
B	0.036 ± 0.001^fF	0.125 ± 0.005^fF	0.077 ± 0.001^dD	0.044 ± 0.003^eF
CB	0.054 ± 0.002^dD	0.183 ± 0.001^eE	0.093 ± 0.002^dD	0.064 ± 0.004^dD
N-B	0.069 ± 0.001^bB	0.215 ± 0.004^dD	0.238 ± 0.001^cC	0.105 ± 0.005^cC
CN-B	0.084 ± 0.003^aA	0.375 ± 0.010^aA	0.330 ± 0.015^aA	0.188 ± 0.005^aA

Effects of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on phloem sap composition and root nitrogen accumulation in oilseed rape

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	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid	根系干物质量 Dry biomass of roots	根系氮素累积量 Root N accumulation
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	0.65^**	0.69^**	0.82^**
游离氨基酸 Free amino acid	-	0.48^**	0.71^**
根部干物质量 Dry biomass of roots	-	-	0.84^**

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