Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2008, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 512-520.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.031
Special Issue: 生物多样性
• Research Articles • Previous Articles
Received:
2006-05-30
Accepted:
2006-10-11
Online:
2008-03-30
Published:
2008-03-30
Contact:
WEI Yu-Kun,GAO Yu-Bao
WEI Yu-Kun, GAO Yu-Bao. REVIEW OF THE DIVERSITY OF ENDOPHYTE GENETICS AND SYMBIOTIC INTERACTIONS WITH GRASSES[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2008, 32(2): 512-520.
Fig.1 Different consequences of vertical versus horizontal transmission to the genetic interplay between the endophytic fungus and the host plant (Saikkonen et al., 2004b)
栽培牧草 Cultivar grass | 野生禾草 Native grass |
---|---|
引进种,经人工选育、栽培,基因型单一 Introduced species, selective breeding and cultivation, limited genetic diversity | 野生种,基因型多样 Wild species with numerous genetic types |
生物碱种类多、含量高、稳定(农业、草坪系统的营养成分含量高而稳定) Large number of alkaloid types with high and steady concentrations (high nutrient contents in agricultural and turfgrass systems) | 生物碱种类少,含量变化较大(自然生态系统土壤成分不稳定) Small number of alkaloid types, but varied a lot in concentrations (soil properties varied in natural ecosystems) |
多数内生真菌-禾草-植食动物关系研究均是引入种而非本地种,无脊椎动物也不是专性取食者 Most studies of endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions were focused on introduced species rather than native species, and the invertebrates involved were not specific predators | 自然植物群落中,大多数食草无脊椎动物均是专性的,只以一种或很少的宿主植物为食,可能对生物碱等有毒物质不敏感,内生真菌及其毒性物质对宿主的抗取食能力贡献不大 Most invertebrate herbivores were specific in natural plant communities, feeding on one or just a few plant species, not sensitive to alkaloid or other toxic compounds. There was little effect of resistance from the endophytes |
取食是首要的选择压力,是以生物碱为基础的防御性共生 Grazing was the primary selective pressure. The protective symbiosis was related with alkaloid production | 取食压力很小或不存在,甚至对植物适合度是正效应 Grazing pressure was little or did not exist, or perhaps there was a positive effect upon plant fitness |
内生真菌增加了植物的适合度,植物种群侵染率随时间增加 Endophyte infection enhanced the fitness of the host plants. The infection rate increased with time | 种群侵染率变化范围更广,变化幅度更大 Infection rate varied a lot among plant populations |
共生关系的空间变化不显著 The symbiosis did not vary significantly in spatial axis | 种群内共生关系的空间变化显著,侵染种群和非侵染种群常镶嵌分布 The plant-endophyte symbiosis varied significantly in space, and there was a kind of reciprocal distribution in the endophyte-infected and endophyte-free populations |
Table 1 Comparison of the symbiotic consequences of cultivar versus natural grass
栽培牧草 Cultivar grass | 野生禾草 Native grass |
---|---|
引进种,经人工选育、栽培,基因型单一 Introduced species, selective breeding and cultivation, limited genetic diversity | 野生种,基因型多样 Wild species with numerous genetic types |
生物碱种类多、含量高、稳定(农业、草坪系统的营养成分含量高而稳定) Large number of alkaloid types with high and steady concentrations (high nutrient contents in agricultural and turfgrass systems) | 生物碱种类少,含量变化较大(自然生态系统土壤成分不稳定) Small number of alkaloid types, but varied a lot in concentrations (soil properties varied in natural ecosystems) |
多数内生真菌-禾草-植食动物关系研究均是引入种而非本地种,无脊椎动物也不是专性取食者 Most studies of endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions were focused on introduced species rather than native species, and the invertebrates involved were not specific predators | 自然植物群落中,大多数食草无脊椎动物均是专性的,只以一种或很少的宿主植物为食,可能对生物碱等有毒物质不敏感,内生真菌及其毒性物质对宿主的抗取食能力贡献不大 Most invertebrate herbivores were specific in natural plant communities, feeding on one or just a few plant species, not sensitive to alkaloid or other toxic compounds. There was little effect of resistance from the endophytes |
取食是首要的选择压力,是以生物碱为基础的防御性共生 Grazing was the primary selective pressure. The protective symbiosis was related with alkaloid production | 取食压力很小或不存在,甚至对植物适合度是正效应 Grazing pressure was little or did not exist, or perhaps there was a positive effect upon plant fitness |
内生真菌增加了植物的适合度,植物种群侵染率随时间增加 Endophyte infection enhanced the fitness of the host plants. The infection rate increased with time | 种群侵染率变化范围更广,变化幅度更大 Infection rate varied a lot among plant populations |
共生关系的空间变化不显著 The symbiosis did not vary significantly in spatial axis | 种群内共生关系的空间变化显著,侵染种群和非侵染种群常镶嵌分布 The plant-endophyte symbiosis varied significantly in space, and there was a kind of reciprocal distribution in the endophyte-infected and endophyte-free populations |
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