EFFECTS OF SCHIMA SUPERBA PLANTATIONS ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN THE ACID RAIN REGION OF CHONGQING, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims In recent decades, frequent fires have destroyed large areas of coniferous Pinus massoniana forests in Chongqing, Southwestern China. Schima superba, a fire-resistant broadleaved tree species, has been widely planted on the burned areas. S. superba is thought to improve soil properties; however, little information is available from plantations exposed to acid deposition. Our objective was to examine the effects of S. superba plantations on soil chemical properties in the acid rain region.

Methods We investigated soil chemical properties of a pure S. superba plantation planted on a burned area of a former pure P. massoniana plantation in the Tieshanping Forest Farm of Chongqing City using a soil core method. Results were compared with those from an adjacent unburned pure P. massoniana plantation, which was planted at the same time as the burned pure P. massoniana plantation.

Important findings For 0-20 and 20-60 cm soil layers in the S. superba plantation, average pH values were 3.61 and 3.77 and average base saturation (BS) values were 4.68% and 7.92%, respectively. For these two soil layers in the P. massoniana plantation, average pH values were 3.78 and 3.88 and average BS values were 9.25% and 16.32%, respectively. Compared with the P. massoniana plantation, contents of exchangeable base cations (K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) and total P were generally lower in the soil of the S. superba plantation, but contents of exchangeable Al³⁺, Fe³⁺ and H⁺ were significantly higher (p<0.05). This study suggested that theS. superba plantation accelerated soil acidification. Therefore, in the acid rain region of Chongqing, large areas of pure S. superba plantations should be avoided when using S. superba for establishment of fire-resistant forest belts or for regeneration and transformation of pure P. massoniana plantations.

Key words: acid rain, burned area, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana, pH value, base saturation

LI Zhi-Yong, CHEN Jian-Jun, WANG Yan-Hui, YU Peng-Tao, DU Shi-Cai, HE Ping, DUAN Jian. EFFECTS OF SCHIMA SUPERBA PLANTATIONS ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN THE ACID RAIN REGION OF CHONGQING, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2008, 32(3): 632-638.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2008/V32/I3/632

Figures/Tables 4

References 35

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林分 Stand	样地编号 Plot No.	密度 Density (stems·hm^-2)	优势木 Dominant tree
林分 Stand	样地编号 Plot No.	密度 Density (stems·hm^-2)	平均高度 Mean height (m)	平均胸径 Mean diameter at breast height (cm)	平均叶量损失率 Mean defoliation percentage (%)
火烧迹地人工木荷纯林 Pure Schima superba plantation on the burned area	1	1 222	5.2	7.8	11
	2	1 278	5.1	7.3	12
	3	1 167	5.5	8.0	5
未烧马尾松纯林 Unburned Pinus massoniana plantation	4	1 167	9.4	14.5	25
	5	1 100	9.9	15.2	10
	6	1 333	9.1	14.1	53

林分 Stand	样地编号 Plot No.	密度 Density (stems·hm^-2)	优势木 Dominant tree
林分 Stand	样地编号 Plot No.	密度 Density (stems·hm^-2)	平均高度 Mean height (m)	平均胸径 Mean diameter at breast height (cm)	平均叶量损失率 Mean defoliation percentage (%)
火烧迹地人工木荷纯林 Pure Schima superba plantation on the burned area	1	1 222	5.2	7.8	11
	2	1 278	5.1	7.3	12
	3	1 167	5.5	8.0	5
未烧马尾松纯林 Unburned Pinus massoniana plantation	4	1 167	9.4	14.5	25
	5	1 100	9.9	15.2	10
	6	1 333	9.1	14.1	53

林分 Stand	土壤层次 Soil layer (cm)	交换性阳离子 Exchangeable cation (cmol (+)·kg^-1)								盐基饱和度 Base satur- ation (%)	pH (KCl)
林分 Stand	土壤层次 Soil layer (cm)	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	Fe³⁺	Mn²⁺	H⁺
火烧迹地人工木荷纯林Schima	0~20	(0.020 2± 0.001 9)^b	(0.084 5± 0.001 0)^a	(0.165 2± 0.000 4)^d	(0.062 4± 0.008 7)^b	(3.118 3± 0.011 3)^a	(0.076 8± 0.006 2)^a	(0.001 7± 0.000 3)^d	(3.575 4± 0.012 8)^a	4.68	(3.61± 0.01)
superba plantation on the burned area	20~60	(0.014 7± 0.001 3)^b	(0.102 8± 0.002 2)^a	(0.374 4± 0.005 6)^b	(0.055 0± 0.004 9)^b	(2.929 2± 0.008 4)^a	(0.023 8± 0.003 5)^c	(0.003 0± 0.000 6)^c	(3.395 7± 0.010 4)^a	7.92	(3.77± 0.01)
未烧马尾松纯林 Unburned	0~20	(0.047 2± 0.003 3)^a	(0.093 8± 0.009 9)^a	(0.277 3± 0.008 4)^c	(0.059 2± 0.009 0)^b	(2.180 5± 0.214 6)^b	(0.044 5± 0.004 4)^b	(0.014 3± 0.002 7)^b	(2.446 7± 0.208 0)^b	9.25	(3.78± 0.01)
Pinus massoniana plantation	20~60	(0.018 4± 0.002 5)^b	(0.104 2± 0.003 5)^a	(0.665 4± 0.007 4)^a	(0.150 5± 0.010 2)^a	(2.114 4± 0.009 6)^b	(0.006 6± 0.000 4)^d	(0.109 7± 0.008 7)^a	(2.491 3± 0.009 3)^b	16.32	(3.88± 0.02)

林分 Stand	土壤层次 Soil layer (cm)	交换性阳离子 Exchangeable cation (cmol (+)·kg^-1)								盐基饱和度 Base satur- ation (%)	pH (KCl)
林分 Stand	土壤层次 Soil layer (cm)	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	Fe³⁺	Mn²⁺	H⁺
火烧迹地人工木荷纯林Schima	0~20	(0.020 2± 0.001 9)^b	(0.084 5± 0.001 0)^a	(0.165 2± 0.000 4)^d	(0.062 4± 0.008 7)^b	(3.118 3± 0.011 3)^a	(0.076 8± 0.006 2)^a	(0.001 7± 0.000 3)^d	(3.575 4± 0.012 8)^a	4.68	(3.61± 0.01)
superba plantation on the burned area	20~60	(0.014 7± 0.001 3)^b	(0.102 8± 0.002 2)^a	(0.374 4± 0.005 6)^b	(0.055 0± 0.004 9)^b	(2.929 2± 0.008 4)^a	(0.023 8± 0.003 5)^c	(0.003 0± 0.000 6)^c	(3.395 7± 0.010 4)^a	7.92	(3.77± 0.01)
未烧马尾松纯林 Unburned	0~20	(0.047 2± 0.003 3)^a	(0.093 8± 0.009 9)^a	(0.277 3± 0.008 4)^c	(0.059 2± 0.009 0)^b	(2.180 5± 0.214 6)^b	(0.044 5± 0.004 4)^b	(0.014 3± 0.002 7)^b	(2.446 7± 0.208 0)^b	9.25	(3.78± 0.01)
Pinus massoniana plantation	20~60	(0.018 4± 0.002 5)^b	(0.104 2± 0.003 5)^a	(0.665 4± 0.007 4)^a	(0.150 5± 0.010 2)^a	(2.114 4± 0.009 6)^b	(0.006 6± 0.000 4)^d	(0.109 7± 0.008 7)^a	(2.491 3± 0.009 3)^b	16.32	(3.88± 0.02)

林分 Stand	土壤层次 Soil layer (cm)	全N Total N (g·kg^-1)	全P Total P (g·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)
火烧迹地人工木荷纯林 Schima superba plantation on the burned area	0~20	(1.030 2±0.085 3)^a	(0.272 9±0.007 1)^b	(26.260 0±1.673 9)^a
	20~60	(0.697 3±0.052 6)^b	(0.257 7±0.006 5)^b	(12.278 7±1.203 9)^b
未烧马尾松纯林 Unburned Pinus massoniana plantation	0~20	(0.968 9±0.093 1)^a	(0.385 9±0.012 8)^a	(23.460 4±2.198 6)^a
	20~60	(0.934 6±0.072 0)^a	(0.266 5±0.007 8)^b	(9.802 1±1.035 1)^c