Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on root exudates and phosphorus efficiency in Pinus massoniana families under low phosphorus stress

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00003

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition largely increased in recent years, resulting in an increased N availability and N:P ratio in forest soils. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of simulated N deposition on P efficiency and root secreted acid phosphatase and organic acids in Pinus massoniana under low P stress.
Methods Treatments included two P conditions, i.e. homogeneous low P availability vs. heterogeneous low P availability among soil layers, in combination with two N deposition levels in a two-year pot experiment. Four full-sib progenies collected from the second-generation breeding population of P. massoniana were used.
Important findings Under both the homogeneous and heterogeneous low P conditions, N:P stoichiometric ratio in P. massonianaseedlings was significantly increased by simulated nitrogen deposition, which stimulated the amount of root acid phosphatase and organic acid secretion. The amount of root exudates was higher under the homogeneous low P condition than under the heterogeneous low P condition. The level of root secreted organic acids was significantly correlated with the growth in P. massonianaseedlings. Under the homogeneous low P condition, P acquisition efficiency and biomass in P. massonianaseedlings were not affected by simulated N deposition, mainly due to the high N:P ratios and low sensitivity to N addition; whereas under the heterogeneous low P condition, greater growth response to N addition was observed due to the higher N:P ratio. An increased root secretion of organic acids contributed to enhancement of P acquisition efficiency and growth under the high N deposition level. Significant variations among families in growth response to the simulated N deposition were observed. Under the homogeneous low P condition, seedlings in the family 71 × 20 were found to respond to the simulated N deposition with increased root organic acids and biomass. Under the heterogeneous low P condition, seedlings in the families of 36 × 29, 71 × 20, and 73 × 23 responded to the simulated N addition with increased biomass and root secretion.

Key words: acid phosphatase, family, low phosphorus stress, N deposition, organic acid, phosphorus efficiency, Pinus massoniana

PANG Li, ZHANG Yi, ZHOU Zhi-Chun, FENG Zhong-Ping, CHU De-Yu. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on root exudates and phosphorus efficiency in Pinus massoniana families under low phosphorus stress[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(1): 27-35.

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Figures/Tables 8

References 25

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性状 Trait	磷 P	氮 N	磷×氮 P × N	家系 Family	磷×家系 P × Family	氮×家系 N × Family	磷×氮×家系 P × N × Family
生物量 Biomass	9.13^**	5.50^*	19.77^***	6.26^**	0.28	4.12^*	5.18^**
酸性磷酸酶活性 APase activity	93.84^***	22.87^***	12.66^***	2.48	1.57	8.12^***	3.22^*
有机酸分泌 Organic acid secretion	2.60	120.90^***	0.05	19.47^***	4.58^**	16.55^***	3.98^*
磷吸收效率 P absorption efficiency	54.46^***	5.14^*	26.95^***	6.65^***	0.79	3.96^*	3.89^*
磷利用效率 P utilization efficiency	77.31^***	4.38^*	3.88	2.81^*	2.09	2.35	0.42
氮吸收效率 N absorption efficiency	3.89	35.51^***	11.44^***	5.75^**	0.49	1.76	2.26
氮利用效率 N utilization efficiency	25.66^***	129.2^***	1.36	3.06^*	5.56^**	5.68^**	0.53
氮磷比 N:P	59.02^***	51.10^***	10.68^**	2.54	0.52	0.83	0.57

性状 Trait	磷 P	氮 N	磷×氮 P × N	家系 Family	磷×家系 P × Family	氮×家系 N × Family	磷×氮×家系 P × N × Family
生物量 Biomass	9.13^**	5.50^*	19.77^***	6.26^**	0.28	4.12^*	5.18^**
酸性磷酸酶活性 APase activity	93.84^***	22.87^***	12.66^***	2.48	1.57	8.12^***	3.22^*
有机酸分泌 Organic acid secretion	2.60	120.90^***	0.05	19.47^***	4.58^**	16.55^***	3.98^*
磷吸收效率 P absorption efficiency	54.46^***	5.14^*	26.95^***	6.65^***	0.79	3.96^*	3.89^*
磷利用效率 P utilization efficiency	77.31^***	4.38^*	3.88	2.81^*	2.09	2.35	0.42
氮吸收效率 N absorption efficiency	3.89	35.51^***	11.44^***	5.75^**	0.49	1.76	2.26
氮利用效率 N utilization efficiency	25.66^***	129.2^***	1.36	3.06^*	5.56^**	5.68^**	0.53
氮磷比 N:P	59.02^***	51.10^***	10.68^**	2.54	0.52	0.83	0.57

性状 Trait	同质低磷条件 Homogeneous low P condition			异质低磷条件 Heterogeneous low P condition
性状 Trait	氮 N	家系 Family	N ×家系 N × Family	氮 N	家系 Family	N ×家系 N × Family
生物量 Biomass	4.02	5.09^**	10.19^***	15.89^***	2.58	2.56
酸性磷酸酶活性 APase activity	20.93^***	0.76	6.48^**	2.22	8.24^***	1.67
有机酸分泌 Organic acid secretion	55.69^***	9.61^***	7.56^***	66.67^***	15.18^***	13.79^***
磷吸收效率 P absorption efficiency	9.08^**	4.18^*	4.45^*	18.19^***	3.58^*	3.76^*
磷利用效率 P utilization efficiency	4.70^*	2.75	1.34	0.03	0.27	1.74
氮吸收效率 N absorption efficiency	6.46^*	3.02^*	3.97^*	29.35^***	3.15^*	1.34
氮利用效率 N utilization efficiency	90.61^***	1.80	3.64^*	45.88^***	6.22^**	2.70
氮磷比 N:P	33.82^***	1.61	0.64	19.01^***	1.23	0.97

性状 Trait	同质低磷条件 Homogeneous low P condition			异质低磷条件 Heterogeneous low P condition
性状 Trait	氮 N	家系 Family	N ×家系 N × Family	氮 N	家系 Family	N ×家系 N × Family
生物量 Biomass	4.02	5.09^**	10.19^***	15.89^***	2.58	2.56
酸性磷酸酶活性 APase activity	20.93^***	0.76	6.48^**	2.22	8.24^***	1.67
有机酸分泌 Organic acid secretion	55.69^***	9.61^***	7.56^***	66.67^***	15.18^***	13.79^***
磷吸收效率 P absorption efficiency	9.08^**	4.18^*	4.45^*	18.19^***	3.58^*	3.76^*
磷利用效率 P utilization efficiency	4.70^*	2.75	1.34	0.03	0.27	1.74
氮吸收效率 N absorption efficiency	6.46^*	3.02^*	3.97^*	29.35^***	3.15^*	1.34
氮利用效率 N utilization efficiency	90.61^***	1.80	3.64^*	45.88^***	6.22^**	2.70
氮磷比 N:P	33.82^***	1.61	0.64	19.01^***	1.23	0.97

磷处理 P treatment	氮水平 N level	家系Family	干物质量 Dry matter mass (g)	草酸 Oxalic acid (μmol·plant^-1)	酒石酸 Tartaric acid (μmol·plant^-1)	苹果酸 Malic acid (μmol·plant^-1)	丙二酸 Malonic acid (μmol·plant^-1)	乙酸 Acetic acid (μmol·plant^-1)	总量 Total (μmol·plant^-1)
Homo-P	低氮 Low-N	36 × 29	2.64^a	0.37^b	0.36^bc	0.62^c	-	-	1.63^c
		40 × 44	1.64^bcd	0.83^b	-	-	-	-	0.83^c
		71 × 20	1.1^d	0.56^b	0.57^bc	-	-	-	1.14^c
		73 × 23	2.57^a	1.91^b	1.44^a	1.68^c	0.28^c	1.44^b	6.75^c
	高氮 High-N	36 × 29	1.17^cd	1.00^b	-	23.82^b	-	-	24.80^b
		40 × 44	1.92^b	0.48^b	0.5^bc	-	0.24^c	1.88^a	3.10^c
		71 × 20	1.75^bc	6.04^a	0.38^bc	46.12^a	1.56^b	-	54.10^a
		73 × 23	1.91^b	2.10^b	0.74^b	42.12^a	2.97^a	1.96^a	49.88^a
	显著性水平 Probability		0.000 1^***	0.006 7^***	0.001 2^***	< 0.000 1^***	< 0.000 1^***	< 0.000 1^***	< 0.000 1^***
Hete-P	低氮 Low-N	36 × 29	1.87^bc	0.77^b	0.16^c	2.74^cd	0.60^de	2.96^de	7.22^c
		40 × 44	2.05^bc	1.09^b	-	5.72^bcd	1.52^cd	1.66^e	9.99^c
		71 × 20	1.40^c	0.75^b	-	-	1.20^cde	1.65^e	3.58^c
		73 × 23	1.82^bc	0.73^b	1.40^bc	3.00^cd	-	4.14^cd	9.26^c
	高氮 High-N	36 × 29	2.43^b	0.8^b	2.02^b	19.48^b	-	4.96^bc	27.20^b
		40 × 44	2.29^bc	0.94^b	-	6.82^bcd	2.40^bc	5.12^bc	16.26^bc
		71 × 20	2.45^b	0.92^b	2.08^b	14.70^bc	3.32^b	6.94^b	27.80^b
		73 × 23	3.84^a	4.42^a	7.66^a	46.80^a	8.68^a	8.82^a	77.20^a
	显著性水平 Probability		0.002 6^***	0.001 2^***	< 0.000 1^***	0.002 0^***	< 0.000 1^***	< 0.000 1^***	< 0.000 1^***