Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 629-643.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0063
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ZHONG Qi1, LI Zeng-Yan2, MA Wei1, KUANG Yu-Xiao1, QIU Ling-Jun1, LI Yun-Jie1, TU Li-Hua1,*()
Received:
2022-02-16
Accepted:
2022-07-15
Online:
2023-05-20
Published:
2022-07-18
Supported by:
ZHONG Qi, LI Zeng-Yan, MA Wei, KUANG Yu-Xiao, QIU Ling-Jun, LI Yun-Jie, TU Li-Hua. Effects of nitrogen addition and litter manipulations on leaf litter decomposition in western edge of Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(5): 629-643.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0063
土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | pH (KCl) | 全碳含量 TC content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 TN content (g·kg-1) | 硝酸氮含量 NO3--N content (mg·kg?1) | 铵态氮含量 NH4+-N content (mg·kg?1) | 碳氮比 C:N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-10 | 3.52 ± 0.03 | 33.9 ± 1.4 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 50.8 ± 4.5 | 19.0 ± 4.4 | 16.1 ± 0.41 |
10-35 | 3.90 ± 0.03 | 16.0 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 24.8 ± 3.8 | 15.0 ± 1.3 | 14.5 ± 0.37 |
Table 1 Soil properties (0-35 cm) of the studied evergreen broadleaf forest in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE)
土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | pH (KCl) | 全碳含量 TC content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 TN content (g·kg-1) | 硝酸氮含量 NO3--N content (mg·kg?1) | 铵态氮含量 NH4+-N content (mg·kg?1) | 碳氮比 C:N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-10 | 3.52 ± 0.03 | 33.9 ± 1.4 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 50.8 ± 4.5 | 19.0 ± 4.4 | 16.1 ± 0.41 |
10-35 | 3.90 ± 0.03 | 16.0 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 24.8 ± 3.8 | 15.0 ± 1.3 | 14.5 ± 0.37 |
Fig. 1 Monthly dynamics of litterfall in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE). N effect, nitrogen (N) effect; Time & N effect, time and N treatment interaction effects. CK, control; HN, high nitrogen (150 kg·hm-2·a-1); LN, low nitrogen (50 kg·hm-2·a-1).
Fig. 2 Effects of nitrogen addition and litter manipulations on the litter mass loss (A-C) and carbon remaining (D-F) in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE). CK, control; HN, high nitrogen (150 kg·hm-2·a-1); LN, low nitrogen (50 kg·hm-2·a-1). L+, litter addition; L0, intact litter input; L-, litter reduction. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
处理 Treatment | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | p | 分解常数 Decay constant k (a-1) | t50% (a) | t95% (a) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CKL0 | y = 85.781e-0.482t | 0.912 | <0.001 | 0.49 ± 0.03a | 1.44 | 6.22 |
LNL0 | y = 79.736e-0.334t | 0.856 | <0.001 | 0.35 ± 0.03b | 2.08 | 8.97 |
HNL0 | y = 82.393e-0.375t | 0.903 | <0.001 | 0.38 ± 0.02b | 1.85 | 7.99 |
CKL- | y = 86.317e-0.517t | 0.892 | <0.001 | 0.53 ± 0.03a | 1.34 | 5.79 |
LNL- | y = 82.646e-0.480t | 0.909 | <0.001 | 0.49 ± 0.01a | 1.44 | 6.24 |
HNL- | y = 79.505e-0.312t | 0.817 | <0.001 | 0.32 ± 0.02b | 2.22 | 9.60 |
CKL+ | y = 93.328e-0.568t | 0.984 | <0.001 | 0.58 ± 0.04a | 1.22 | 5.27 |
LNL+ | y = 81.419e-0.404t | 0.871 | <0.001 | 0.41 ± 0.02b | 1.72 | 7.42 |
HNL+ | y = 78.799e-0.289t | 0.809 | <0.001 | 0.29 ± 0.04c | 2.40 | 10.37 |
Table 2 Exponential regression equation of mass remaining (y, %) as a function of leaf litter decomposition to time (t) in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin
处理 Treatment | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | p | 分解常数 Decay constant k (a-1) | t50% (a) | t95% (a) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CKL0 | y = 85.781e-0.482t | 0.912 | <0.001 | 0.49 ± 0.03a | 1.44 | 6.22 |
LNL0 | y = 79.736e-0.334t | 0.856 | <0.001 | 0.35 ± 0.03b | 2.08 | 8.97 |
HNL0 | y = 82.393e-0.375t | 0.903 | <0.001 | 0.38 ± 0.02b | 1.85 | 7.99 |
CKL- | y = 86.317e-0.517t | 0.892 | <0.001 | 0.53 ± 0.03a | 1.34 | 5.79 |
LNL- | y = 82.646e-0.480t | 0.909 | <0.001 | 0.49 ± 0.01a | 1.44 | 6.24 |
HNL- | y = 79.505e-0.312t | 0.817 | <0.001 | 0.32 ± 0.02b | 2.22 | 9.60 |
CKL+ | y = 93.328e-0.568t | 0.984 | <0.001 | 0.58 ± 0.04a | 1.22 | 5.27 |
LNL+ | y = 81.419e-0.404t | 0.871 | <0.001 | 0.41 ± 0.02b | 1.72 | 7.42 |
HNL+ | y = 78.799e-0.289t | 0.809 | <0.001 | 0.29 ± 0.04c | 2.40 | 10.37 |
Fig. 3 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition and litter manipulations on N, phosphorus (P), kalium (K), manganese (Mn) remaining in leaf litter decomposition in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE). CKL0, N control with intact litter input; CKL-, N control with litter reduction; CKL+, N control with litter addition; HNL0, high N (150 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; HNL-, high N addition with litter reduction; HNL+, high N addition with litter addition; LNL0, low N (50 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; LNL-, low N addition with litter reduction; LNL+, low N addition with litter addition. The left side of the dotted line with asterisk indicates that there is a significant difference between treatments of litters in this sampling, and the right side of the dotted line with asterisk indicates that there is a significant difference between treatments of nitrogen in this sampling. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
Fig. 4 Relationship between the litter mass remaining and manganese (Mn) remaining in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin. CKL0, nitrogen (N) control with intact litter input; CKL-, nitrogen control with litter reduction; CKL+, nitrogen control with litter addition; HNL0, high N (150 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; HNL-, high N addition with litter reduction; HNL+, high N addition with litter addition; LNL0, low N (50 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; LNL-, low N addition with litter reduction; LNL+, low N addition with litter addition.
Fig. 5 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition and litter manipulations on N, phosphorus (P), kalium (K) and manganese (Mn) concentration in leaf litter decomposition in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE). CKL0, N control with intact litter input; CKL-, N control with litter reduction; CKL+, N control with litter addition; HNL0, high N (150 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; HNL-, high N addition with litter reduction; HNL+, high N addition with litter addition; LNL0, low N (50 kg·hm-2·a-1) addition with intact litter input; LNL-, low N addition with litter reduction; LNL+, low N addition with litter addition.
处理 Treatment | 质量 Mass | 碳 Carbon | 氮 Nitrogen | 磷 Phosphorus | 钾 Kalium | 锰 Manganese |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CKL0 | 27.31 ± 4.45abc | 25.90 ± 4.83bc | 83.11 ± 9.79ab | 49.69 ± 5.04 | 47.17 ± 3.34b | 16.57 ± 4.44ab |
LNL0 | 34.31 ± 5.07ab | 28.23 ± 4.78ab | 85.96 ± 15.76ab | 63.24 ± 12.57 | 123.39 ± 38.78a | 2.72 ± 0.81c |
HNL0 | 38.09 ± 7.63ab | 34.22 ± 5.71ab | 115.16 ± 31.22a | 63.86 ± 13.99 | 72.47 ± 16.41ab | 2.88 ± 0.57c |
CKL- | 25.43 ± 3.19bc | 24.32 ± 2.97bc | 74.68 ± 3.62ab | 45.78 ± 4.99 | 49.15 ± 6.36b | 20.81 ± 5.39a |
LNL- | 25.61 ± 2.43bc | 24.45 ± 2.04bc | 70.11 ± 8.53ab | 47.66 ± 8.01 | 46.38 ± 8.15b | 10.60 ± 4.06bc |
HNL- | 39.43 ± 1.27a | 35.73 ± 0.54ab | 101.13 ± 6.89ab | 56.32 ± 6.21 | 74.20 ± 11.11ab | 5.31 ± 0.84c |
CKL+ | 17.86 ± 1.86c | 16.97 ± 1.91c | 57.10 ± 1.57b | 32.18 ± 1.59 | 32.41 ± 1.12b | 8.20 ± 3.64bc |
LNL+ | 31.22 ± 3.44ab | 29.03 ± 3.68ab | 90.41 ± 9.55ab | 51.98 ± 5.73 | 53.96 ± 10.69b | 5.70 ± 3.78c |
HNL+ | 40.18 ± 3.78a | 37.75 ± 3.70a | 115.77 ± 17.70a | 63.13 ± 7.73 | 63.45 ± 10.55b | 2.39 ± 0.89c |
双因素方差分析 Two-way ANOVA (p) | ||||||
N | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.025 | 0.062 | <0.001 |
L | 0.531 | 0.869 | 0.540 | 0.259 | 0.078 | 0.044 |
N & L | 0.407 | 0.369 | 0.686 | 0.681 | 0.091 | 0.392 |
Table 3 Responses of mass, carbon, and nutrient remaining rate (%) to nitrogen addition and litter manipulations after litter decomposition for three years in the evergreen broadleaf forest located in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin (mean ± SE)
处理 Treatment | 质量 Mass | 碳 Carbon | 氮 Nitrogen | 磷 Phosphorus | 钾 Kalium | 锰 Manganese |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CKL0 | 27.31 ± 4.45abc | 25.90 ± 4.83bc | 83.11 ± 9.79ab | 49.69 ± 5.04 | 47.17 ± 3.34b | 16.57 ± 4.44ab |
LNL0 | 34.31 ± 5.07ab | 28.23 ± 4.78ab | 85.96 ± 15.76ab | 63.24 ± 12.57 | 123.39 ± 38.78a | 2.72 ± 0.81c |
HNL0 | 38.09 ± 7.63ab | 34.22 ± 5.71ab | 115.16 ± 31.22a | 63.86 ± 13.99 | 72.47 ± 16.41ab | 2.88 ± 0.57c |
CKL- | 25.43 ± 3.19bc | 24.32 ± 2.97bc | 74.68 ± 3.62ab | 45.78 ± 4.99 | 49.15 ± 6.36b | 20.81 ± 5.39a |
LNL- | 25.61 ± 2.43bc | 24.45 ± 2.04bc | 70.11 ± 8.53ab | 47.66 ± 8.01 | 46.38 ± 8.15b | 10.60 ± 4.06bc |
HNL- | 39.43 ± 1.27a | 35.73 ± 0.54ab | 101.13 ± 6.89ab | 56.32 ± 6.21 | 74.20 ± 11.11ab | 5.31 ± 0.84c |
CKL+ | 17.86 ± 1.86c | 16.97 ± 1.91c | 57.10 ± 1.57b | 32.18 ± 1.59 | 32.41 ± 1.12b | 8.20 ± 3.64bc |
LNL+ | 31.22 ± 3.44ab | 29.03 ± 3.68ab | 90.41 ± 9.55ab | 51.98 ± 5.73 | 53.96 ± 10.69b | 5.70 ± 3.78c |
HNL+ | 40.18 ± 3.78a | 37.75 ± 3.70a | 115.77 ± 17.70a | 63.13 ± 7.73 | 63.45 ± 10.55b | 2.39 ± 0.89c |
双因素方差分析 Two-way ANOVA (p) | ||||||
N | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.025 | 0.062 | <0.001 |
L | 0.531 | 0.869 | 0.540 | 0.259 | 0.078 | 0.044 |
N & L | 0.407 | 0.369 | 0.686 | 0.681 | 0.091 | 0.392 |
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