Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 843-856.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00079
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LIU Zhi-Li, JIN Guang-Ze*(), ZHOU Ming
Received:
2014-05-09
Accepted:
2014-06-11
Online:
2014-05-09
Published:
2014-08-18
Contact:
JIN Guang-Ze
LIU Zhi-Li, JIN Guang-Ze, ZHOU Ming. Measuring seasonal dynamics of leaf area index in a mixed conifer-broadleaved forest with direct and indirect methods[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(8): 843-856.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00079
主要树种 Major tree species | 密度 Density (trees·hm-2) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 胸高断面积 Basal area (m2·hm-2) | 相对优势度 Relative dominance (%) | 比叶面积 SLA (cm2·g-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
红松 Pinus koraiensis | 133 | 42.81 | 24.15 | 57.09 | 83.79 (3.74) |
臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 101 | 16.17 | 3.01 | 7.11 | 80.80 (5.43) |
云杉 Picea spp. | 20 | 18.99 | 1.06 | 2.51 | 59.41 (9.70) |
紫椴 Tilia amurensis | 81 | 13.35 | 3.01 | 7.11 | 243.59 (14.26) |
色木槭 Acer mono | 238 | 7.73 | 2.43 | 5.74 | 305.04 (50.08) |
风桦 Betula costata | 67 | 13.02 | 2.04 | 4.82 | 199.79 (11.55) |
裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata | 108 | 7.73 | 1.48 | 3.50 | 261.40 (5.65) |
水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica | 45 | 12.54 | 1.27 | 3.00 | 338.36 (13.63) |
其他 Others | 1 580 | 2.96 | 3.85 | 9.10 | - |
总计 Total | 2 373 | 7.41 | 42.30 | 100.00 | - |
Table 1 Composition and specific leaf area (SLA) of major tree species in a 9 hm2 typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest plot at Liangshui in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China
主要树种 Major tree species | 密度 Density (trees·hm-2) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 胸高断面积 Basal area (m2·hm-2) | 相对优势度 Relative dominance (%) | 比叶面积 SLA (cm2·g-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
红松 Pinus koraiensis | 133 | 42.81 | 24.15 | 57.09 | 83.79 (3.74) |
臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 101 | 16.17 | 3.01 | 7.11 | 80.80 (5.43) |
云杉 Picea spp. | 20 | 18.99 | 1.06 | 2.51 | 59.41 (9.70) |
紫椴 Tilia amurensis | 81 | 13.35 | 3.01 | 7.11 | 243.59 (14.26) |
色木槭 Acer mono | 238 | 7.73 | 2.43 | 5.74 | 305.04 (50.08) |
风桦 Betula costata | 67 | 13.02 | 2.04 | 4.82 | 199.79 (11.55) |
裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata | 108 | 7.73 | 1.48 | 3.50 | 261.40 (5.65) |
水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica | 45 | 12.54 | 1.27 | 3.00 | 338.36 (13.63) |
其他 Others | 1 580 | 2.96 | 3.85 | 9.10 | - |
总计 Total | 2 373 | 7.41 | 42.30 | 100.00 | - |
Fig. 1 Distribution of litter traps and contour map of a 9 hm2 typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest plot at Liangshui in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China.
树种 Tree species | 最大值 Maximum | 最小值 Minimum | 平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD |
---|---|---|---|
红松 Pinus koraiensis | 3.48 | 2.69 | 3.08 ± 0.25 |
臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 4.63 | 3.11 | 3.68 ± 0.52 |
云杉 Picea spp. | 4.35 | 3.51 | 3.91 ± 0.27 |
Table 2 Needle life span for evergreen needle tree species
树种 Tree species | 最大值 Maximum | 最小值 Minimum | 平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD |
---|---|---|---|
红松 Pinus koraiensis | 3.48 | 2.69 | 3.08 ± 0.25 |
臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 4.63 | 3.11 | 3.68 ± 0.52 |
云杉 Picea spp. | 4.35 | 3.51 | 3.91 ± 0.27 |
Fig. 2 Seasonal changes of increases in proportion of the total leaf area for major tree species in the growing season in the mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest (mean ± SD). A, deciduous broadleaf tree species. B, evergreen needle tree species.
Fig. 3 Seasonal changes of leaf area index (LAI) for major tree species in the mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest (mean ± SD). A, deciduous broadleaf tree species. B, evergreen needle tree species.
月份 Month | 红松 Pinus koraiensis | 臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 云杉 Picea spp. |
---|---|---|---|
May | 1.46 ± 0.22 | 1.19 ± 0.22 | 1.44 ± 0.34 |
June | 1.49 ± 0.24 | 1.21 ± 0.30 | 1.47 ± 0.43 |
July | 1.69 ± 0.38 | 1.11 ± 0.30 | 1.29 ± 0.33 |
Aug. | 1.78 ± 0.45 | 1.16 ± 0.34 | 1.31 ± 0.33 |
Sept. | 1.72 ± 0.28 | 1.10 ± 0.23 | 1.28 ± 0.35 |
Oct. | 1.65 ± 0.36 | 1.07 ± 0.21 | 1.26 ± 0.29 |
Nov. | 1.65 ± 0.26 | 1.10 ± 0.23 | 1.30 ± 0.36 |
平均值 Mean | 1.63 | 1.13 | 1.34 |
变异系数 CV (%) | 7.3 | 4.6 | 6.3 |
Table 3 Seasonal dynamics of needle-to-shoot area ratio for evergreen needle tree species in the mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest (mean ± SD)
月份 Month | 红松 Pinus koraiensis | 臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis | 云杉 Picea spp. |
---|---|---|---|
May | 1.46 ± 0.22 | 1.19 ± 0.22 | 1.44 ± 0.34 |
June | 1.49 ± 0.24 | 1.21 ± 0.30 | 1.47 ± 0.43 |
July | 1.69 ± 0.38 | 1.11 ± 0.30 | 1.29 ± 0.33 |
Aug. | 1.78 ± 0.45 | 1.16 ± 0.34 | 1.31 ± 0.33 |
Sept. | 1.72 ± 0.28 | 1.10 ± 0.23 | 1.28 ± 0.35 |
Oct. | 1.65 ± 0.36 | 1.07 ± 0.21 | 1.26 ± 0.29 |
Nov. | 1.65 ± 0.26 | 1.10 ± 0.23 | 1.30 ± 0.36 |
平均值 Mean | 1.63 | 1.13 | 1.34 |
变异系数 CV (%) | 7.3 | 4.6 | 6.3 |
Fig. 5 Seasonal dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) in a mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest estimated by using different methods (mean ± SE, n = 64). The true LAI is derived from litter collection; effective LAI from DHP is calculated directly by DHP software; effective LAI from LAI-2000 is calculated directly by C2000 software; Corrected DHP LAI is derived by correcting effective LAI from DHP for the automatic exposure, woody-to-total area ratio, clumping index and needle-to-shoot area ratio; Corrected LAI-2000 LAI is derived by correcting effective LAI from LAI-2000 for the woody-to-total area ratio, clumping index and needle-to-shoot area ratio.
Fig. 6 Seasonal dynamics of the difference between the litter collection leaf area index (LAI) and the optical LAI including both DHP and LAI-2000 (mean ± SE, n = 64). A is for the DHP method. B is for the LAI-2000 method. Difference (%) = (litter collection LAI - DHP or LAI-2000 LAI) / litter collection LAI × 100%, DHP or LAI-2000 LAI all includes effective LAI and corrected LAI (the correction scheme is the same as that in Fig. 5).
Fig. 7 Seasonal dynamics of the difference between the leaf area index (LAI) from DHP and the LAI from LAI-2000 (mean ± SE, n = 64). Difference (%) = (Le from LAI-2000 - LAI from DHP) / Le from LAI-2000 × 100%, LAI from DHP includes Le from DHP (uncorrected) and corrected LAI from DHP that calculated by Le from DHP after correcting for only the automatic exposure (corrected).
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