Effect of leaf nitrogen allocation on maximum net photosynthetic rate of two common sand-fixing species, Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus, in Mau Us Sandy Land

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0097

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Studying the adaptation mechanisms of species in the context of climate change has been a concern in plant ecology. Investigating the effect of leaf nitrogen allocation of sand-fixing species on the photosynthetic capacity of plants help us to understand their adaptive capacity under changing climate.
Methods In this study, we selected two common sand-fixing species, Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus, in Yanchi, Northwest China. The effects of leaf nitrogen allocation on the maximum net photosynthetic rate (A_max) of the two species were analyzed using in situ measurements of photosynthetic light- and CO₂-response curves, leaf traits, and enviromental variables, from May to October, 2021.
Important findings The results showed that the mean leaf nitrogen content per unit mass (N_mass) was about 0.02 g·g^-1 for both species. The mean values of A_max and the distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system (P_p) in A. ordosica were 22.44 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 42.9%, respectively. The mean values of A_max and P_p in L. secalinus were 11.99 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 27.5%, respectively, which were lower than those of A. ordosica. During the water deficit period in the middle growing season, A_max and P_p decreased in A. ordosica and remained relatively unchanged in L. secalinus. Comparing with L. secalinus, A_max of A. ordosica was more affected by leaf nitrogen distribution. The main controlling factors of A_max were P_p and leaf nitrogen distribution in carboxylation system (P_c) in A. ordosica and L. secalinus, respectively. In the middle growing season with low soil moisture, the N_mass decreased in both species. Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) decreased in A. ordosica due to its greater sensitivity of the nitrogen distribution ratio to soil moisture and more nitrogen investment in non-photosynthetic organisms and thus higher stress resistance, and remained relatively stable in L. secalinus. The A_maxin A. ordosica was greater than L. secalinus during the observation period due to its relatively higher P_p. The differences between two sand-fixing species in variations in leaf nitrogen allocation and leaf photosynthetic capacity indicate that the research area might be dominated by shrub species A. ordosica under changing climate.

Key words: semi-arid zone, leaf nitrogen allocation, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, Artemisia ordosica, Leymus secalinus

ZHAO Hong-Xian, LIU Peng, SHI Man-Ying, XU Ming-Ze, JIA Xin, TIAN Yun, ZHA Tian-Shan. Effect of leaf nitrogen allocation on maximum net photosynthetic rate of two common sand-fixing species, Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus, in Mau Us Sandy Land[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(3): 460-474.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0097

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I3/460

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Daily means or sums of environmental factors in the study site in 2021. PPT, precipitation; REW10, 10 cm relative extractable water content; REW30, 30 cm relative extractable water content; SWC10, 10 cm soil water content; SWC30, 30 cm soil water content.

Fig. 2 Seasonal dynamics of leaf photosynthetic parameters in Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021 (mean ± SD). The horizontal lines represent the mean values. Amax, the maximum net photosynthetic rate; gs, stomatal conductance; Jmax, maximum electron transport efficiency; Vcmax, maximum carboxylation rate.

Fig. 3 Seasonal dynamics of leaf functional traits of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021 (mean ± SD). The horizontal lines represent the mean values. Cc, leaf chlorophyll content; LMA, leaf mass per unit area.

Fig. 4 Seasonal dynamics of leaf nitrogen content per unit mass (Nmass) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021 (mean ± SD). The horizontal lines represent the mean values. The black dashed line in B is a trend-fit line for PNUE of L. secalinus.

Fig. 5 Seasonal dynamics of leaf nitrogen allocation parameters of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021 (mean ± SD). The horizontal lines represent the mean values. Pc, nitrogen distribution in carboxylation system; Pb, nitrogen distribution in bioenergy system; PL, nitrogen distribution in light capture system; Pp, distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system.

Fig. 6 Proportion of leaf nitrogen allocation of of Artemisia ordosica (A) and Leymus secalinus (B) in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021. Pc, nitrogen distribution in carboxylation system; Pb, nitrogen distribution in bioenergy system; PL, nitrogen distribution in light capture system; P1-p, distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in non-photosynthetic system.

Fig. 7 Correlations between the maximum net photosynthetic rate and parameters related to leaf nitrogen content of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021. Amax, the maximum net photosynthetic rate; Nmass, nitrogen content of leaf per unit mass; Pb, leaf nitrogen distribution in bioenergy system; Pc, leaf nitrogen distribution in carboxylation system; PL, leaf nitrogen distribution in light capture system; PNUE, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency; Pp, distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system. *, p ≤ 0.05; **, p ≤ 0.01. The circle size represents the absolute magnitude of the correlation coefficient, while the color indicates its direction (positive/negative).

Fig. 8 The SHAP values of leaf nitrogen allocation parameters affecting the seasonal variation of the maximum net photosynthetic rate of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021. Pb, nitrogen distribution in bioenergy system; Pc, nitrogen distribution in carboxylation system; PL, nitrogen distribution in light capture system; Pp, distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system.

Table 1 Indirect path coefficients of nitrogen allocation factors on the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Amax) of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus

自变量 Independent variable	间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient
氮在生物力能学组分中的比例 P_p	0.38 (P_p→P_c→A_max)
氮在生物力能学组分中的比例 P_p	0.43 (P_p→P_b→A_max)
氮在生物力能学组分中的比例 P_b	0.34 (P_b→P_c→A_max)
氮在羧化系统中的比例 P_c	0.41 (P_c→P_b→A_max)
氮在捕光系统中分配比例 P_L	0.20 (P_L→P_b→A_max)

Fig. 9 Relationships between the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Amax), nitrogen content of leaf per unit mass (Nmass), distribution proportion of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic system (Pp), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) and soil water content at 10 cm depth (SWC10) of Artemisia ordosica and Leymus secalinus in Mau Us Sandy Land in 2021. The shaded area represents the 95% confidence interval.

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