Dataset on harvest traits and yield of major crops in long-term farmland observation plots in the Lower Liaohe Plain from 2005 to 2015

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

Abstract

Abstract:

The Lower Liaohe Plain is an important grain-producing area in Liaoning, and the Shenyang National Field Scientific Observatory of Agricultural Ecosystems in Liaoning (hereinafter referred to as the Shenyang Station) is located in the center of the Lower Liaohe Plain. It is situated at the crossroads of two sample zones: the East-West Moisture Driver and the North-South Heat Driver of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) in China. Therefore, the long-term observation data of farmland at Shenyang Station can represent the traits of the main crops in the Lower Liaohe Plain well. This is of great significance in guiding agricultural production in the region and also provides a data reference for national food security. Since 1998, the Shenyang Station has established 10 long-term biological monitoring sample plots in farmland ecosystems to carry out continuous observation of biological indicators such as crop growth dynamics, harvest traits and yields, as well as environmental elements including soil, water and atmosphere, thereby accumulating a large amount of continuous observation data. This dataset is derived from the continuous observation data on crop harvest traits and yields from 2005 to 2015 in 10 long-term farmland observation plots at Shenyang Station. It consists of eight parts: the table of crop rotation system, the table of major pesticides, herbicides and other uses, the table of farmland irrigation system, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of rice, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of corn, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of soybeans, the table of crop harvest traits and yield measurement, and the table of fertilizer inputs of the sample plots. The long-term observation of the station was carried out in strict accordance with the observation specifications of the China Ecosystem Research Network (CERN). Quality control was implemented throughout the entire process, from the preparation to the implementation of the survey, and the sorting and recording of the data after the survey, in order to ensure that the data were accurate and reliable. This data provides information on harvest-time traits and yield dynamics of major crops in farmland in the Lower Liaohe Plain, which can be used to assess inter-annual yield fluctuations and provide scientific guidance and a basis for decision-making for optimizing the regional agricultural planting structure and achieving high and stable yields of major crops in the region, so as to provide a strong guarantee for national food security.

Database/dataset profile

Data title	Dataset on harvest traits and yield of major crops in long-term farmland observation plots in the Lower Liaohe Plain, from 2005 to 2015
Data authors	FAN Yue-Ling, JIANG Zheng-De, YE Jia-Shu, ZHENG Li-Chen, CHEN Xin
Data corresponding authors	CHEN Xin (chenxin@iae.ac.cn), FAN Yue-Ling (fanyl@iae.ac.cn)
Data time range	2005-2015
Data geographic scope	National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of farmland ecosystem, Shenyang, Liaoning (41.52° N, 123.37° E)
Data volume	642.00 kb
Data format	.xlsx
Data links	https://www.plant-ecology.com/fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0332-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688
Database/dataset composition	The dataset contains one file, including eight data sheets: multiple cropping index and crop rotation system in typical cropland table, comprising 107 data records; application situation of pesticide and herbicide in the main crops, with 397 data records; 3. irrigation situation in the main crops, containing 183 data records; plant traits of rice at harvest time, including 99 data records; 5. plant traits of maize at harvest time, totaling 325 data records; plant traits of soybean at harvest time, with 60 data records; 7. observation of crop yield at harvest time, encompassing 484 data records; fertilizer application situation in the main crops, consisting of 432 data records

Key words: crop yield, harvest time traits, biomass, long-term fixed-plots observation, rice, maize, soybean

FAN Yue-Ling, JIANG Zheng-De, YE Jia-Shu, ZHENG Li-Chen, CHEN Xin. Dataset on harvest traits and yield of major crops in long-term farmland observation plots in the Lower Liaohe Plain from 2005 to 2015[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(8): 1271-1282.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I8/1271

Figures/Tables 13

References 12

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样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	建立时间 Establishment time	地理位置 Location	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	试验设计 Experiment design
SYAZH01ABC_01	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 at Shenyang Station	1998	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZH01ABC_02	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地02 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 02 at Shenyang Station	2008	123.36° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场01长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 01 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	不施肥区 unfertilized area
SYAFZ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场02长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 02 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	化肥+秸秆 fertilizer + straw
SYAFZ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场03长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 03 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	缓释肥一次性施肥 One-time fertilization using slow-release fertilizer
SYAFZ04AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场04长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 04 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ05AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场05长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 05 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZQ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点01长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 01 long-term sampling site	2005	123.38° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆(2005-2009年), 玉米连作(2010年至今) Maize→maize→soybean (2005-2009), continuous cultivation of maize (since 2010)	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点02长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 02 long-term sampling site	2005	123.36° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点03长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 03 long-term sampling site	2005	123.41° E, 41.53° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization

样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	建立时间 Establishment time	地理位置 Location	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	试验设计 Experiment design
SYAZH01ABC_01	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 at Shenyang Station	1998	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZH01ABC_02	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地02 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 02 at Shenyang Station	2008	123.36° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场01长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 01 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	不施肥区 unfertilized area
SYAFZ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场02长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 02 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	化肥+秸秆 fertilizer + straw
SYAFZ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场03长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 03 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	缓释肥一次性施肥 One-time fertilization using slow-release fertilizer
SYAFZ04AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场04长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 04 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ05AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场05长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 05 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZQ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点01长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 01 long-term sampling site	2005	123.38° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆(2005-2009年), 玉米连作(2010年至今) Maize→maize→soybean (2005-2009), continuous cultivation of maize (since 2010)	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点02长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 02 long-term sampling site	2005	123.36° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点03长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 03 long-term sampling site	2005	123.41° E, 41.53° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Type of farming method		旱地 Dryland field
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分比 The percentage of total annual crop area harvested in cultivated land	%	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期 Planting sequence and field rotation cycle of different crops and planting patterns in the same plot		玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 The crop planted in the current year in the rotation system		春玉米 Spring maize

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Type of farming method		旱地 Dryland field
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分比 The percentage of total annual crop area harvested in cultivated land	%	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期 Planting sequence and field rotation cycle of different crops and planting patterns in the same plot		玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 The crop planted in the current year in the rotation system		春玉米 Spring maize

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体名称 Specific name of crop		春玉米 Spring maize
药剂类别 Agent type	药剂类别, 包括: 除草剂、杀虫剂、生长剂等 Class of agents, including: herbicides, insecticides, growth agents, etc.		除草剂 Herbicide
药剂名称 Agent name	施用药剂的全称 The full name of the agent applied		乙草胺 Acetochlor
主要有效成分 Main active ingredients	药剂主要有效成分及含量 The main active ingredients and their contents		乙草胺 20% Acetochlor 20%
施用时间 Application date	农药等实际施用日期 Actual application date of pesticides etc.	年-月-日 Year-month-day	2005-05-04
作物生育时期 Crop growth phase	施用时作物所处的物候期 The phenological stage in which the crop is applied		播种期 Sowing time
施用方式 Application way	药剂施用的方式 The manner in which the drug is administered		喷施 Spraying
施用量 Application amount	每公顷施农药、除草剂、生长剂等的重量 Weight of pesticides, herbicides, growth agents, etc. applied per hectare	g·hm^-2	3000.00