Abstract: Agriculture is the foundation for social-economic development in Xizang Pleteau, restricted by the plateau topgraphy and environments, it is mainly distributed in river valley areas such as the Yarlung Zangbo River, Nianchu River and Lhasa River, and mainly planting highland barley, wheat and rapeseed. The Lhasa Agro-ecosystem Research Station, CAS(Lhasa Station), located at Dagze district, Lhasa, Xizang Autonomous Region, where is the Lhasa River valley agricultural area in the hinterland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and is a typical representative of plateau agricultural planting. Taking the long-term dynamic of the plateau farmland ecosystem as the research object, one comprehensive observation field, long-term experiment and two farmer survey points have been set up to carry out stationary observation for typical planting patterns of main crops in this region included the highland barley, wheat and rapeseed. This dataset is their observation data of the crop harvest traits and yield in Lhasa River valley collected by Lhasa Station from 2016 to 2020, including five parts: farmland multiple cropping index and crop rotation system, fertilizer input of farmland crops, farmland irrigation, crop harvest trait data, and crop yield data. This dataset will provide scientific basis and data support for the research of agricultural capacity assessment, sustainable agricultural production management and smart agricultural system development in this agricultural areas of Xizang plateau.

Key words: Crop harvest traits, Crop yield, Crop rotation, Long-term observation, Xizang