Regulatory role of mycorrhizal types in internal nutrient cycling of forest ecosystems

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2025.0254

Abstract

Abstract:

Forest as the dominant component of terrestrial ecosystems, hinges on internal nutrient cycling mechanisms to support individual plant development and the maintenance of ecosystem functions. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) and ectomycorrhizae (ECM), the two most widespread mycorrhizal types in forest ecosystems, playing pivotal roles in regulating nutrient cycling and sustaining functional stability along the “soil-plant-litter continuum”. Although numerous efforts have explored the effects of mycorrhizal types on key nutrient cycling processes in forests, these studies focus more on isolated process, with limited attention to the holistic nutrient cycling mediated by mycorrhizal associations. This review synthesizes research from the past three decades to systematically examine the roles and underlying mechanisms through which AM and ECM-associated plants influence key processes across the internal nutrient cycling, including nutrient mineralization and mobilization, nutrient uptake by mycorrhizal-root systems, nutrient resorption from senescent organs, and nutrient return through litter decomposition. It further elucidates the self-sustaining nutrient dynamics of forest ecosystems dominated by different mycorrhizal types, aiming to provide insights into how nutrient cycling strategies shaped by mycorrhizal symbioses respond and adapt to forest management and global environmental change. Finally, we propose future research directions: (1) investigating the role of Common Mycorrhizal Networks (CMNs) in internal nutrient cycling under AM- versus ECM-dominated stands, while focusing on less-studied mycorrhizal types (e.g., dual-mycorrhizal plants, legumes with rhizobia-AM/ECM symbiosis) and ericoid mycorrhiza (ERM); (2) developing “mycorrhiza-site” matching models and mycorrhizal trait databases based on AM and ECM strategic differentiation, to optimize tree species selection in reforestation and afforestation across different site conditions; (3) assessing the buffering capacity of shifts in AM and ECM distributions in nutrient cycling under global change and (4) integrating long-term and multidimensional monitoring to unravel the co-evolutionary dynamics among mycorrhizal types, soil environments, and microbial communities driving nutrient cycling.

Key words: forest ecosystem, internal nutrient cycling, global change, arbuscular mycorrhizae, ectomycorrhizae

FANG Di, MA Ning, LI Sheng-Gong, ZHENG Jia-Jia, CHU Yun-Xin, YANG Jin-Chang, YANG Zan-Ming, ZHANG Long-Ning, MENG Sheng-Wang, GAO De-Cai, DAI Xiao-Qin, FU Xiao-Li, WANG Hui-Min, KOU Liang. Regulatory role of mycorrhizal types in internal nutrient cycling of forest ecosystems[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2026, 50(3): 552-565.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2025.0254

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2026/V50/I3/552

Figures/Tables 1

Fig. 1 Conceptual framework for the internal nutrient cycling of mycorrhizal plants in forest ecosystems (modified from Kou et al., 2025). Soil organic and inorganic nutrients are mineralized or activated into available forms through organic acids and extracellular enzymes secreted by roots and mycorrhizal hyphae (Process ①). These nutrients are then absorbed by the mycorrhizal-root system, with a portion transported to aboveground organs (e.g., leaves) to support plant growth and development, while the others are utilized in the metabolism of belowground roots and mycorrhizal fungi (Process ②). Some nutrients from senescent leaves and roots are reabsorbed and translocated to newly formed organs to minimize nutrient loss and enhance nutrient use efficiency (Process ③). Non-reabsorbed nutrients return to the soil as leaf or root litters and are gradually released to soil through decomposition (Process ④), contributing to the next round of internal nutrient cycling. AM, arbuscular mycorrhizae; ECM, ectomycorrhizae.

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