Metal element contents of Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis in different community types and its relationship with soil nutrient factors in eastern China

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis is a species with a small geographic distribution in the subtropical forests in eastern China. The species has been listed as Chinese national third protective plant. Our objective was to investigate the differences and correlations of metal element contents in plant and forest soil of T. chinensis var. tchekiangensis in different community types in Jiulongshan Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China. Findings will provide a scientific basic for feasible in situ and ex situ conservation of the species.

Methods Forty representative plots (10 m × 10 m) were investigated along different ridges from low to high altitude. The community types of these plots were identified, and the groups of tree relationships were established based on TWINSPAN. Twelve metal elements of root, stem, bark and leaf of T. chinensis var. tchekiangensis samples and forest soil were measured by ICP-AES. Soil factors such as pH, water content, organism content and electrical conductivity were also measured. Differences of metal element contents were analyzed among different community types and organs. The correlation among different metal element contents of T. chinensis var. tchekiangensis and soil nutrient factors were analyzed and compared.

Important findings Based on the investigations and results of TWINSPAN classification, the plots were classified into five communities. Differences among metal element contents of plant and soil in different community types were determined. The contents of plant elements such as K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ba and Cr were higher in community II and V, and most soil elements were highest in community II. The content of Ca, K, Mg, Fe and Mn were higher in plant, and Al and Fe were higher in soil. The content of metal elements among different organs was different, and their change tendencies and variation degrees were discordant. Enrichment coefficient and correlation analysis showed that the absorption of Mg and Zn, as well as Fe and Al by T. chinensis var. tchekiangensis was similar; however, most plant elements had no correlation with soil elements.

Key words: content difference, correlation, metal element, plant, soil, Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis

ZHANG Zhi-Xiang, LIU Peng, XU Gen-Di, ZHANG Jia-Yin, LI Hong-Jun, LIAO Jin-Ping, WU Song-Biao. Metal element contents of Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis in different community types and its relationship with soil nutrient factors in eastern China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(5): 505-516.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.004

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I5/505

Figures/Tables 9

References 27

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环境因子 Environment factor	群落类型 Community type
环境因子 Environment factor	群落I Community I	群落II Community II	群落III Community III	群落IV Community IV	群落V Community V
海拔 Altitude (m)	1 350-1 530	1 300-1 620	1 320-1 550	1 320-1 550	1 300-1 620
坡向 Slope aspect	N, S	N, S	N, S, SW	N, S, SW	N, S
坡度 Slope gradient ( o)	45-65	35-70	45-70	60-70	20-70
岩石裸露率 Bare rock ratio (%)	10-30	10-50	10-40	10-35	10-45
乔木层盖度 Tree layer coverage (%)	80- 95	70-90	85-95	75-97	65-90
种群平均密度 Population mean density (ind:·100 m^-2)	10	9	16	9	14
土壤水分含量 Soil water content (%)	54.00 ± 4.56	46.28 ± 5.21	43.37 ± 3.80	36.62 ± 3.43	38.84 ± 5.55
土壤pH值 Soil pH	5.5 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.2	5.4 ± 0.3	5.5 ± 0.1	5.6 ± 0.3
土壤电导率 Soil electrical conductivity (S·m^-1)	193.8 ± 13.4	170.5 ± 24.5	167.6 ± 10.2	164.8 ± 9.3	148.9 ± 7.8
土壤有机质含量 Soil organic content (%)	5.91 ± 0.98	5.03 ± 0.77	4.39 ± 0.54	5.40 ± 0.80	5.50 ± 0.51
土壤全N Soil total nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	0.788 ± 0.221	1.288 ± 0.291	0.746 ± 0.213	0.936 ± 0.165	0.838 ± 0.089
土壤速效N Soil available nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	7.49 ± 0.45	7.62 ± 0.36	6.99 ± 0.28	7.89 ± 0.76	6.33 ± 0.22
土壤全P Soil total phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	0.230 ± 0.023	0.258 ± 0.097	0.265 ± 0.167	0.276 ± 0.028	0.272 ± 0.855
土壤速效P Soil available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	0.144 ± 0.046	0.156 ± 0.039	0.193 ± 0.311	0.178 ± 0.234	0.149 ± 0.079

环境因子 Environment factor	群落类型 Community type
环境因子 Environment factor	群落I Community I	群落II Community II	群落III Community III	群落IV Community IV	群落V Community V
海拔 Altitude (m)	1 350-1 530	1 300-1 620	1 320-1 550	1 320-1 550	1 300-1 620
坡向 Slope aspect	N, S	N, S	N, S, SW	N, S, SW	N, S
坡度 Slope gradient ( o)	45-65	35-70	45-70	60-70	20-70
岩石裸露率 Bare rock ratio (%)	10-30	10-50	10-40	10-35	10-45
乔木层盖度 Tree layer coverage (%)	80- 95	70-90	85-95	75-97	65-90
种群平均密度 Population mean density (ind:·100 m^-2)	10	9	16	9	14
土壤水分含量 Soil water content (%)	54.00 ± 4.56	46.28 ± 5.21	43.37 ± 3.80	36.62 ± 3.43	38.84 ± 5.55
土壤pH值 Soil pH	5.5 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.2	5.4 ± 0.3	5.5 ± 0.1	5.6 ± 0.3
土壤电导率 Soil electrical conductivity (S·m^-1)	193.8 ± 13.4	170.5 ± 24.5	167.6 ± 10.2	164.8 ± 9.3	148.9 ± 7.8
土壤有机质含量 Soil organic content (%)	5.91 ± 0.98	5.03 ± 0.77	4.39 ± 0.54	5.40 ± 0.80	5.50 ± 0.51
土壤全N Soil total nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	0.788 ± 0.221	1.288 ± 0.291	0.746 ± 0.213	0.936 ± 0.165	0.838 ± 0.089
土壤速效N Soil available nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	7.49 ± 0.45	7.62 ± 0.36	6.99 ± 0.28	7.89 ± 0.76	6.33 ± 0.22
土壤全P Soil total phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	0.230 ± 0.023	0.258 ± 0.097	0.265 ± 0.167	0.276 ± 0.028	0.272 ± 0.855
土壤速效P Soil available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	0.144 ± 0.046	0.156 ± 0.039	0.193 ± 0.311	0.178 ± 0.234	0.149 ± 0.079

金属元素 Metal element		群落类型 Community type
金属元素 Metal element		I	II	III	IV	V
K	植株 Plant	36.940 ± 11.385^ab	39.427 ± 15.446^ab	34.703 ± 9.910^b	40.076 ± 12.591^ab	42.650 ± 15.354^a
K	土壤 Soil	46.466 ± 19.415^a	41.702 ± 24.759^a	36.703 ± 19.042^a	36.101 ± 17.035^a	42.625 ± 23.027^a
Ca	植株 Plant	42.344 ± 11.512^a	43.532 ± 8.428^a	41.625 ± 10.081^a	42.279 ± 8.550^a	44.016 ± 9.188^a
Ca	土壤 Soil	27.353 ± 7.115^a	38.837 ± 11.382^a	39.909 ± 13.427^a	30.952 ± 10.887^a	32.249 ± 14.919^a
Fe	植株 Plant	1.660 ± 1.078^a	2.026 ± 1.606^a	1.734 ± 1.390^a	1.943 ± 1.440^a	2.114 ± 1.568^a
Fe	土壤 Soil	42.947 ± 32.624^a	64.322 ± 62.839^a	36.160 ± 22.287^a	53.001 ± 28.886^a	49.221 ± 41.540^a
Al	植株 Plant	2.165 ± 2.054^a	2.125 ± 1.460^a	3.522 ± 2.549^a	3.554 ± 2.857^a	3.091 ± 2.995^a
Al	土壤 Soil	109.309 ± 100.793^a	71.577 ± 47.578^a	61.003 ± 27.460^a	119.023 ± 50.860^a	105.913 ± 80.751^a
Mg	植株 Plant	2.954 ± 1.192^a	3.448 ± 1.640^a	3.182 ± 1.399^a	3.031 ± 1.835^a	3.199 ± 1.984^a
Mg	土壤 Soil	5.390 ± 2.486^a	5.652 ± 4.193^a	4.027 ± 1.943^a	5.378 ± 2.418^a	4.397 ± 2.877^a
Cu	植株 Plant	0.416 ± 0.288^a	0.320 ± 0.220^a	0.416 ± 0.273^a	0.372 ± 0.260^a	0.421 ± 0.383^a
Cu	土壤 Soil	1.488 ± 1.643^ab	2.836 ± 2.502^a	0.889 ± 0.222^b	1.268 ± 1.191^b	0.734 ± 0.599^b
Mo	植株 Plant	0.306 ± 0.231^a	0.209 ± 0.143^ab	0.244 ± 0.207^ab	0.183 ± 0.156^b	0.219 ± 0.215^ab
Mo	土壤 Soil	0.564 ± 0.099^b	2.036 ± 1.556^a	0.567 ± 0.267^b	0.367 ± 0.110^b	0.392 ± 0.019^b
Zn	植株 Plant	0.447 ± 0.232^a	0.414 ± 0.262^a	0.512 ± 0.267^a	0.483 ± 0.222^a	0.453 ± 0.292^a
Zn	土壤 Soil	0.670 ± 0.290^b	1.385 ± 0.840^a	0.546 ± 0.253^b	0.563 ± 0.508^b	0.597 ± 0.406^b
Mn	植株 Plant	0.664 ± 0.441^a	0.556 ± 0.324^a	0.624 ± 0.441^a	0.667 ± 0.614^a	0.532 ± 0.423^a
Mn	土壤 Soil	0.284 ± 0.185^a	0.348 ± 0.234^a	0.255 ± 0.145^a	0.245 ± 0.135^a	0.292 ± 0.185^a
Ba	植株 Plant	0.437 ± 0.205^a	0.441 ± 0.212^a	0.416 ± 0.166^a	0.397 ± 0.227^a	0.453 ± 0.190^a
Ba	土壤 Soil	0.433 ± 0.136^a	0.586 ± 0.209^a	0.445 ± 0.175^a	0.415 ± 0.106^a	0.484 ± 0.179^a
Cr	植株 Plant	0.084 ± 0.068^a	0.081 ± 0.050^a	0.067 ± 0.050^a	0.073 ± 0.055^a	0.075 ± 0.037^a
Cr	土壤 Soil	0.267 ± 0.101^b	0.516 ± 0.263^a	0.266 ± 0.163^b	0.236 ± 0.167^b	0.293 ± 0.148^b
Pb	植株 Plant	0.092 ± 0.077^a	0.076 ± 0.043^ab	0.077 ± 0.048^ab	0.057 ± 0.034^b	0.069 ± 0.045^ab
Pb	土壤 Soil	0.019 ± 0.015^a	0.043 ± 0.031^a	0.026 ± 0.022^a	0.027 ± 0.017^a	0.030 ± 0.020^a

金属元素 Metal element		群落类型 Community type
金属元素 Metal element		I	II	III	IV	V
K	植株 Plant	36.940 ± 11.385^ab	39.427 ± 15.446^ab	34.703 ± 9.910^b	40.076 ± 12.591^ab	42.650 ± 15.354^a
K	土壤 Soil	46.466 ± 19.415^a	41.702 ± 24.759^a	36.703 ± 19.042^a	36.101 ± 17.035^a	42.625 ± 23.027^a
Ca	植株 Plant	42.344 ± 11.512^a	43.532 ± 8.428^a	41.625 ± 10.081^a	42.279 ± 8.550^a	44.016 ± 9.188^a
Ca	土壤 Soil	27.353 ± 7.115^a	38.837 ± 11.382^a	39.909 ± 13.427^a	30.952 ± 10.887^a	32.249 ± 14.919^a
Fe	植株 Plant	1.660 ± 1.078^a	2.026 ± 1.606^a	1.734 ± 1.390^a	1.943 ± 1.440^a	2.114 ± 1.568^a
Fe	土壤 Soil	42.947 ± 32.624^a	64.322 ± 62.839^a	36.160 ± 22.287^a	53.001 ± 28.886^a	49.221 ± 41.540^a
Al	植株 Plant	2.165 ± 2.054^a	2.125 ± 1.460^a	3.522 ± 2.549^a	3.554 ± 2.857^a	3.091 ± 2.995^a
Al	土壤 Soil	109.309 ± 100.793^a	71.577 ± 47.578^a	61.003 ± 27.460^a	119.023 ± 50.860^a	105.913 ± 80.751^a
Mg	植株 Plant	2.954 ± 1.192^a	3.448 ± 1.640^a	3.182 ± 1.399^a	3.031 ± 1.835^a	3.199 ± 1.984^a
Mg	土壤 Soil	5.390 ± 2.486^a	5.652 ± 4.193^a	4.027 ± 1.943^a	5.378 ± 2.418^a	4.397 ± 2.877^a
Cu	植株 Plant	0.416 ± 0.288^a	0.320 ± 0.220^a	0.416 ± 0.273^a	0.372 ± 0.260^a	0.421 ± 0.383^a
Cu	土壤 Soil	1.488 ± 1.643^ab	2.836 ± 2.502^a	0.889 ± 0.222^b	1.268 ± 1.191^b	0.734 ± 0.599^b
Mo	植株 Plant	0.306 ± 0.231^a	0.209 ± 0.143^ab	0.244 ± 0.207^ab	0.183 ± 0.156^b	0.219 ± 0.215^ab
Mo	土壤 Soil	0.564 ± 0.099^b	2.036 ± 1.556^a	0.567 ± 0.267^b	0.367 ± 0.110^b	0.392 ± 0.019^b
Zn	植株 Plant	0.447 ± 0.232^a	0.414 ± 0.262^a	0.512 ± 0.267^a	0.483 ± 0.222^a	0.453 ± 0.292^a
Zn	土壤 Soil	0.670 ± 0.290^b	1.385 ± 0.840^a	0.546 ± 0.253^b	0.563 ± 0.508^b	0.597 ± 0.406^b
Mn	植株 Plant	0.664 ± 0.441^a	0.556 ± 0.324^a	0.624 ± 0.441^a	0.667 ± 0.614^a	0.532 ± 0.423^a
Mn	土壤 Soil	0.284 ± 0.185^a	0.348 ± 0.234^a	0.255 ± 0.145^a	0.245 ± 0.135^a	0.292 ± 0.185^a
Ba	植株 Plant	0.437 ± 0.205^a	0.441 ± 0.212^a	0.416 ± 0.166^a	0.397 ± 0.227^a	0.453 ± 0.190^a
Ba	土壤 Soil	0.433 ± 0.136^a	0.586 ± 0.209^a	0.445 ± 0.175^a	0.415 ± 0.106^a	0.484 ± 0.179^a
Cr	植株 Plant	0.084 ± 0.068^a	0.081 ± 0.050^a	0.067 ± 0.050^a	0.073 ± 0.055^a	0.075 ± 0.037^a
Cr	土壤 Soil	0.267 ± 0.101^b	0.516 ± 0.263^a	0.266 ± 0.163^b	0.236 ± 0.167^b	0.293 ± 0.148^b
Pb	植株 Plant	0.092 ± 0.077^a	0.076 ± 0.043^ab	0.077 ± 0.048^ab	0.057 ± 0.034^b	0.069 ± 0.045^ab
Pb	土壤 Soil	0.019 ± 0.015^a	0.043 ± 0.031^a	0.026 ± 0.022^a	0.027 ± 0.017^a	0.030 ± 0.020^a

金属元素 Metal element	器官 Organ
金属元素 Metal element	根 Root	茎 Stem	皮 Bark	叶 Leaf
K	35.020 ± 9.977^b	37.276 ± 12.967^ab	41.748 ± 17.685^a	43.242 ± 11.347^a
Ca	47.869 ± 6.896^a	39.514 ± 8.100^b	38.071 ± 9.852^b	46.150 ± 8.450^a
Fe	2.559 ± 1.292^a	1.288 ± 1.027^b	1.331 ± 0.704^b	2.562 ± 1.952^a
Al	3.486 ± 1.858^b	1.377 ± 1.105^c	1.733 ± 1.565^c	5.252 ± 3.165^a
Mg	2.550 ± 0.904^b	1.978 ± 1.024^c	2.947 ± 1.004^b	5.234 ± 1.584^a
Cu	0.363 ± 0.218^b	0.324 ± 0.217^b	0.272 ± 0.164^b	0.594 ± 0.419^a
Mo	0.240 ± 0.178^b	0.154 ± 0.132^c	0.179 ± 0.172b^c	0.324 ± 0.232^a
Zn	0.433 ± 0.200^ab	0.485 ± 0.239^ab	0.380 ± 0.216^b	0.549 ± 0.336^a
Mn	0.410 ± 0.164^b	0.349 ± 0.232^b	0.860 ± 0.551^a	0.781 ± 0.522^a
Ba	0.433 ± 0.156^ab	0.384 ± 0.220^b	0.491 ± 0.215^a	0.411 ± 0.195^ab
Cr	0.081 ± 0.048^a	0.082 ± 0.069^a	0.067 ± 0.026^a	0.073 ± 0.049^b
Pb	0.058 ± 0.030^b	0.063 ± 0.039^b	0.098 ± 0.062^a	0.069 ± 0.050^a