川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段土壤的硝化和反硝化作用

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用气压过程分离(Barometric process separation, BaPS)技术对川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段土壤的总硝化和反硝化作用速率进行了测定,结果表明:川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段土壤的总硝化和反硝化速率差异不显著(p<0.05),不同恢复阶段土壤总硝化作用的Q₁₀值差异不显著(p<0.05);总硝化作用速率与土壤含水量呈显著正相关(p<0.05),与土壤pH值、土壤有机质、全氮及C/N相关不显著;不同恢复阶段土壤反硝化速率均维持在一个较低的水平,反硝化速率与土壤中的C/N显著正相关(p<0.05),与土壤含水量、pH值、有机质及全氮相关不显著。与反硝化作用相比,硝化作用对亚高山针叶林土壤氮损失的影响可能更大。

关键词: 总硝化作用, 反硝化作用, 气压过程分离(BaPS), 亚高山针叶林

Abstract:

Nitrification is biological conversion of organic or inorganic nitrogen compounds from a reduced a more oxidized state. Denitrification is generally referred as the microbial reduction of nitrate to nitrite and further gaseous forms of nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and molecular nitrogen. They are functionally interconnected processes in the soil nitrogen cycle that are involved in the control of long-term nitrogen losses in ecosystems through nitrate leaching and gaseous N losses. In order to better understand how nitrification and denitrification change during the process of ecosystem restoration and how they are affected by various controlling factors, gross nitrification rates and denitrification rates were determined using the barometric process separation (BaPS) technique in subalpine coniferous forests of different restoration stages. The results showed that the forest restoration stage had no significant effect on gross nitrification and denitrification rates (One-way ANOVA, p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the temperature coefficient (Q₁₀) for gross nitrification rate among all forest types (One-way ANOVA, p<0.05). Gross nitrification rates were positively related to water content (p<0.05) but not to soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, or C/N ratios. Denitrification rates in all forest soils were low and not closely related to the water content, the pH value, organic matter, or total nitrogen. Nevertheless, we found that C/N ratios obviously affected denitrification rates (p<0.05). Results from this research suggest that gross nitrification is more responsible for the nitrogen loss from soils as compared with denitrification.

Key words: Gross nitrification, Denitrification, Barometric process separation (BaPS), Subalpine coniferous forest

刘义, 陈劲松, 刘庆, 吴彦. 川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段土壤的硝化和反硝化作用. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(1): 90-96. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0013

LIU Yi CHEN, CHEN Jin-Song, LIU Qing, WU Yan. NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION IN SUBALPINE CONIFEROUS FORESTS OF DIFFERENT RESTORATION STAGES IN WESTERN SICHUAN, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(1): 90-96. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0013

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0013

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I1/90

图/表 5

图1 总硝化作用速率与反硝化作用速率在川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段中的变化 Ⅰ:20年人工云杉林The spruce plantation of 20 years Ⅱ: 30年人工云杉林The spruce plantation of 30 years Ⅲ: 40年人工云杉林The spruce plantation of 40 years Ⅳ: 60年人工云杉林 The spruce plantation of 60 years Ⅴ:原始针叶林The natural coniferous forest Ⅵ:针阔混交林 The coniferous broadleaved forest RGN:总硝化速率Gross nitrification rate RDN:反硝化速率 Denitrification rate NA:表示数据不可用Not application 柱上标相同字母表示没有显著性差异 Bars with the same alphabetical are not significantly different (p<0.05)

Fig.1 The variation of gross nitrification rate and denitrification rate in subalpine coniferous forests of different restoration stages

图2 总硝化作用的Q10值在川西亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段中的变化 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ:同图1

Fig.2 The variation of Q10 for gross nitrification in subalpine coniferous forests of differentrestoration stages See Fig.1

图3 总硝化和反硝化速率与土壤含水量之间的相关关系 RGN、 RDN:同图1

Fig.3 Relationship between soil water content and gross nitrification rate, and denitrification rate See Fig.1

图4 总硝化和反硝化速率与土壤pH值之间的相关关系 RGN、RDN:同图1

Fig.4 Relationship between soil pH value and gross nitrification rate, and denitrification rate See Fig.1

表1 总硝化和反硝化速率分别与土壤有机质、全氮及C/N的相关系数(R)

Table 1 The respective correlation coefficient of gross nitrification rate and denitrification rate to organic matter, total nitrogen and C/N (R)

相关系数 Correlation coefficient	有机质 Organic matter	全氮 Total nitrogen	C/N
总硝化速率 Gross nitrification rate	0.257	0.143	0.600
反硝化速率 Denitrification rate	0.029	-0.543	0.829^*

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