植物生态学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 851-860.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00089
夏江宝1, 张淑勇2,*(), 赵自国1, 赵艳云1, 高源1, 谷广义1, 孙景宽1
收稿日期:
2013-04-07
接受日期:
2013-06-24
出版日期:
2013-04-07
发布日期:
2013-09-02
通讯作者:
张淑勇
作者简介:
*E-mail: zhsy@sdau.edu.cn基金资助:
XIA Jiang-Bao1, ZHANG Shu-Yong2,*(), ZHAO Zi-Guo1, ZHAO Yan-Yun1, Gao Yuan1, GU Guang-Yi1, SUN Jing-Kuan1
Received:
2013-04-07
Accepted:
2013-06-24
Online:
2013-04-07
Published:
2013-09-02
Contact:
ZHANG Shu-Yong
About author:
*E-mail: zhsy@sdau.edu.cn摘要:
为阐明黄河三角洲贝壳堤岛旱柳(Salix matsudana)叶片光合效率对土壤水分的适应机制, 明确其水分阈值效应, 以二年生旱柳为材料, 采用人工给水与自然耗水相结合获取系列水分梯度的方法, 测定分析贝壳砂生境下旱柳叶片光合效率参数对土壤水分的响应特征及其生产力分级。结果表明: 旱柳叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)及光合光响应参数具有明显的水分临界效应。(1) Pn、Tr、WUE和潜在水分利用效率均随土壤水分的降低先升高后下降, 但各指标水分临界值表现不同步, 其中Pn水分气孔限制转折点和水分补偿点分别出现在相对含水量(Wr)为42.9%和14.4%时; Pn和Tr的水分饱和点为73.1%和68.9%, WUE水分高效点为80.1%; (2)水分胁迫下旱柳叶片具有明显的光抑制现象, 可通过减弱对光的利用来适应水分逆境。随土壤水分的增加, 表观量子效率(AQY)、光饱和点(LSP)和最大净光合速率(Pnmax)表现为先升高后降低, 但光补偿点(LCP)相反。Pn、AQY、LSP、Pnmax和暗呼吸速率(Rd)均表现为渍水胁迫明显高于干旱胁迫。Wr为69.1%时, LCP达到较低值(18.6 µmol∙m -2∙s-1), AQY最高(0.05), 利用弱光能力较强。Wr为80.9%时, LSP达到最高(1775 µmol∙m -2∙s-1), 光照生态幅最宽, 光能利用效率最高, 水分对光强的补偿效应显著; (3)采用临界值分类法确定出贝壳砂生境下旱柳光合效率的5级水分阈值, 73.1%<Wr<80.1%范围内为高产高效水, 此时旱柳具有较高的光合能力和高效生理用水特性。贝壳砂生境内旱柳表现出一定的耐水湿而不耐干旱的适应特性, 在干旱缺水的贝壳堤岛滩脊地带栽植时需充分考虑其水分环境。
夏江宝, 张淑勇, 赵自国, 赵艳云, 高源, 谷广义, 孙景宽. 贝壳堤岛旱柳光合效率的土壤水分临界效应及其阈值分级. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(9): 851-860. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00089
XIA Jiang-Bao, ZHANG Shu-Yong, ZHAO Zi-Guo, ZHAO Yan-Yun, Gao Yuan, GU Guang-Yi, SUN Jing-Kuan. Critical effect of photosynthetic efficiency in Salix matsudana to soil moisture and its thres- hold grade in shell ridge island. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(9): 851-860. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00089
土壤相对 含水量 Wr(%) | 表观量子效率 AQY | 光抑制项 β (10-4× m-2·s-1· pigment molecules-1) | 光饱和项 γ (10-4×m-2·s-1· pigment molecules-1) | 光补偿点 LCP (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 光饱和点 LSP (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 最大净光合速率 Pnmax (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 暗呼吸速率 Rd (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
93.2 | 0.030c | 2.70c | 5.14a | 38.9e | 1 367b | 14.06ef | 1.13cd |
88.0 | 0.037d | 2.43c | 7.77ab | 36.6e | 1 348b | 15.62f | 0.70b |
80.9 | 0.049e | 0.98a | 20.95d | 31.8d | 1 775d | 13.47e | 1.64e |
77.1 | 0.046e | 1.79b | 15.18c | 19.2b | 1 370b | 13.48e | 1.93f |
69.1 | 0.050e | 0.99a | 26.41e | 18.6ab | 1 614c | 11.56d | 1.30d |
61.2 | 0.023b | 1.81b | 8.67b | 16.4a | 1 619c | 10.06d | 1.03c |
46.8 | 0.017a | 2.86c | 4.32a | 18.8ab | 1 354b | 8.79c | 0.32a |
34.2 | 0.020ab | 2.97c | 16.52c | 25.6c | 946a | 4.76b | 0.79b |
23.4 | 0.021ab | 1.58b | 48.00f | 36.5e | 958a | 2.44a | 0.66b |
表1 不同土壤含水量条件下旱柳叶片净光合速率的光响应特征参数
Table 1 Light response parameters of net photosynthetic rate in leaves of Salix matsudana under different soil water content conditions
土壤相对 含水量 Wr(%) | 表观量子效率 AQY | 光抑制项 β (10-4× m-2·s-1· pigment molecules-1) | 光饱和项 γ (10-4×m-2·s-1· pigment molecules-1) | 光补偿点 LCP (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 光饱和点 LSP (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 最大净光合速率 Pnmax (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 暗呼吸速率 Rd (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
93.2 | 0.030c | 2.70c | 5.14a | 38.9e | 1 367b | 14.06ef | 1.13cd |
88.0 | 0.037d | 2.43c | 7.77ab | 36.6e | 1 348b | 15.62f | 0.70b |
80.9 | 0.049e | 0.98a | 20.95d | 31.8d | 1 775d | 13.47e | 1.64e |
77.1 | 0.046e | 1.79b | 15.18c | 19.2b | 1 370b | 13.48e | 1.93f |
69.1 | 0.050e | 0.99a | 26.41e | 18.6ab | 1 614c | 11.56d | 1.30d |
61.2 | 0.023b | 1.81b | 8.67b | 16.4a | 1 619c | 10.06d | 1.03c |
46.8 | 0.017a | 2.86c | 4.32a | 18.8ab | 1 354b | 8.79c | 0.32a |
34.2 | 0.020ab | 2.97c | 16.52c | 25.6c | 946a | 4.76b | 0.79b |
23.4 | 0.021ab | 1.58b | 48.00f | 36.5e | 958a | 2.44a | 0.66b |
图1 不同土壤含水量旱柳叶片净光合速率的光响应模拟曲线。
Fig. 1 Fitting response curves of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in leaves of Salix matsudana to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under different relative water content conditions.
图2 旱柳叶片净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr) (A)、水分利用效率(WUE)及潜在水分利用效率(WUEi) (B)、气孔导度(Gs) (C)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和气孔限制值(Ls) (D)的水分响应曲线。
Fig. 2 Water response curves of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate(Tr) (A); water use efficiency (WUE), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) (B); stomatal conductance (Gs) (C); intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and stomatal limitation value (Ls) (D) in leaves of Salix matsudana. Wr, relative soil water content.
土壤水分临界指标 Critical index of soil water1) | 土壤相对含水量临界点 Critical point of relative soil water content (Wr) | 土壤水分有效性分级 Grading of soil water availability2) | 土壤相对含水量阈值范围 Threshold grade of relative soil water content (Wr) |
---|---|---|---|
净光合速率(Pn)水分补偿点 WCP Pn | 14.4% | 无产无效水 NPNEW | <14.4% |
Pn水分气孔限制转折点 TP Pn | 42.9% | 低产低效水 LPLEW | 14.4%-48.1%; >93.2% |
Pn水分饱和点 WS Pn | 73.1% | 中产低效水 MPLEW | 48.1%-50.4% |
水分利用效率(WUE)水分高效点 WSP WUE | 80.1% | 中产中效水 MPMEW | 50.4%-73.2% 80.1%-93.2% |
Pn均值点 MVP Pn | 48.1%, 98.1% | ||
WUE均值点 MVP WUE | 50.4%, 93.2% | 高产高效水 HPHEW | 73.1%-80.1% |
表2 旱柳叶片光合效率的水分临界点及其阈值分级
Table 2 Critical water point of photosynthetic efficiency and its threshold grade in leaves of Salix matsudana
土壤水分临界指标 Critical index of soil water1) | 土壤相对含水量临界点 Critical point of relative soil water content (Wr) | 土壤水分有效性分级 Grading of soil water availability2) | 土壤相对含水量阈值范围 Threshold grade of relative soil water content (Wr) |
---|---|---|---|
净光合速率(Pn)水分补偿点 WCP Pn | 14.4% | 无产无效水 NPNEW | <14.4% |
Pn水分气孔限制转折点 TP Pn | 42.9% | 低产低效水 LPLEW | 14.4%-48.1%; >93.2% |
Pn水分饱和点 WS Pn | 73.1% | 中产低效水 MPLEW | 48.1%-50.4% |
水分利用效率(WUE)水分高效点 WSP WUE | 80.1% | 中产中效水 MPMEW | 50.4%-73.2% 80.1%-93.2% |
Pn均值点 MVP Pn | 48.1%, 98.1% | ||
WUE均值点 MVP WUE | 50.4%, 93.2% | 高产高效水 HPHEW | 73.1%-80.1% |
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