CO2浓度升高与氮沉降对南亚热带森林生态系统植物生物量积累及分配格局的影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

CO2浓度升高与氮沉降增加对陆地生态系统的耦合作用已成为全球变化的研究热点。应用大型开顶箱 (OTC) 人工控制手段研究了人工生态系统在1) 高CO2 (700±20μmol·mol-1) +高氮沉降 (100kg N·hm-2·a-1) (CN) ;2) 高CO2 (700±20μmol·mol-1) +背景氮沉降 (C+) ;3) 高氮沉降 (100kg N·hm-2·a-1) +背景CO2 (N+) ;4) 背景CO2+背景氮沉降处理 (CK) 4种处理条件下荷木 (Schima superba) 、红锥 (Castanopsis hystrix) 、海南红豆 (Ormosia pinnata) 、肖蒲桃 (Acmena acuminatissima) 、红鳞蒲桃 (Syzygium hancei) 等主要南亚热带森林植物的生物量积累模式及其分配格局。连续近3年的实验结果表明:不同处理条件下, 各参试植物生物量积累具有不同的响应特征, N+处理显著促进荷木、肖蒲桃及红鳞蒲桃生物量的积累;C+处理显著促进肖蒲桃、海南红豆生物量的积累;CN处理显著促进除红锥外其他物种生物量的积累, 并且具有两者单独处理的叠加效应。不同处理改变物种生物量的分配模式, N+处理降低植物的根冠比, 促进地上部分生物量的积累;C+处理增加红锥和红鳞蒲桃地下部分生物量的分配, 却促进荷木和海南红豆地上部分的积累;CN处理仅促进红磷蒲桃地下部分的积累。群落生物量的积累与分配格局取决于优势物种的生物量及其分配格局在群落中所占的权重。

关键词: C-N交互, CO₂浓度升高, 氮沉降增加, 植物生物量, 分配格局

Abstract:

Aims Interactive effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2] and nitrogen (N) deposition on terrestrial ecosystems play an important role in global carbon cycling. Ecosystems in subtropical and tropical areas occupy a large percent of the global biomass, but few studies have been done in these areas. Therefore, our objective was to conduct an experiment to improve our understand-ing of atmospheric [CO2] enrichment and N deposition effects on biomass accumulation and allocation in subtropical and tropical forests.

Methods A model forest ecosystem was constructed of five tree species native to South China: Schima superba, Castanopsis hystrix, Ormosia pinnata, Acmena acuminatissima and Syzygium hancei. The species were exposed to a factorial combination of elevated CO2 and high N deposition in open-top chambers beginning March 2005. There are four experimental treatments, including CN (elevated [CO2] of (700±20) μmol·mol-1 and high N of 100 kg N·hm-2·a-1), C+ (elevated [CO2] of (700±20) μmol·mol-1 and ambient N), N+ (ambient [CO2] and high N of 100 kg N·hm-2·a-1) and CK (ambient [CO2] and am-bient N). Each treatment was replicated two to three times.

Important findings The first 3 years of study indicated that responses of biomass accumulation to different treatments varied among species. Total biomass of S. superba, A. acuminatissima and S. hanceiexhibited significant positive responses to N+ treatment, while biomass of A. acuminatissima and O. pinnata were significantly enhanced under C+ treatment. Biomass accumulation of all species except C. hystrix differed significantly between CN and CK treatments. Furthermore, responses of biomass allocation to treatments differed among species. N+ treatment stimulated aboveground biomass accumulation, with decreasing root:shoot ratio. C+ treatment significantly increased biomass allocation to below-ground biomass in C. hystrix and S. hancei, but enhanced biomass allocation to aboveground biomass in S. superba and O. pinnata. However, CN treatment only resulted in significant belowground biomass accumulation in S. hancei. Responses of the whole community to treatments depended on changes of biomass accumulation and allocation among dominant species and how they performed in the community.

Key words: C-N interaction, elevated CO₂, N deposition, plant biomass, biomass allocation

段洪浪, 刘菊秀, 邓琦, 陈小梅, 张德强. CO₂浓度升高与氮沉降对南亚热带森林生态系统植物生物量积累及分配格局的影响. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(3): 570-579. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.016

DUAN Hong-Lang, LIU Ju-Xiu, DENG Qi, CHEN Xiao-Mei, ZHANG De-Qiang. EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO₂ AND N DEPOSITION ON PLANT BIOMASS ACCUMULATION AND ALLOCATION IN SUBTROPICAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS: A MESOCOSM STUDY. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(3): 570-579. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.016

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.016

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I3/570

图/表 5

图1 各物种不同实验处理条件下平均生物量变化图示生物量均为平均值, 误差线表示标准差 (SD) 。Bars represent average biomass and standard deviation HN:高氮沉降High N deposition (100 kg N?hm-2?a-1) LN:背景氮沉降Ambient N deposition相同字母表示在0.05水平下差异不显著Same letters indicate no significant differences at 5%level among treatments

Fig.1 Biomass accumulation under different treatments

表1 ANOVA双因素方差分析结果

Table 1 ANOVA Two-Way analysis results

图2 各物种不同实验处理条件下根冠比变化图注同图1

Fig.2 Root:shoot ratio under different treatments Note see Fig.1

图3 群落总生物量在不同实验处理条件下的变化图注同图1

Fig.3 Community total biomass accumulation under dif-ferent treatments Note see Fig.1

图4 群落地下部分与地上部分生物量之比在不同实验处理条件下的变化图注同图1

Fig.4 Community belowground:aboveground ratio under different treatments Note see Fig.1

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CO₂浓度升高与氮沉降对南亚热带森林生态系统植物生物量积累及分配格局的影响

EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO₂ AND N DEPOSITION ON PLANT BIOMASS ACCUMULATION AND ALLOCATION IN SUBTROPICAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS: A MESOCOSM STUDY

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