CO2浓度升高对森林土壤微生物呼吸与根(际)呼吸的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0047

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根呼吸与微生物呼吸的作用底物不同,二者对高浓度CO₂的响应机理及敏感程度亦不同。在大气CO₂浓度升高的背景下,精确区分根呼吸与微生物呼吸是构建森林生态系统碳循环模型和预测森林生态系统碳源/汇关系所必需的。根(际)呼吸与微生物呼吸对高浓度CO₂的响应呈增加、降低或无明显变化等不同趋势,根(际)呼吸变化主要与根生物量明显相关,细根的作用大于粗根;土壤微生物呼吸变化存在较大的不确定性,微生物量和微生物活性与土壤微生物呼吸相关或不相关。根系统对高浓度CO₂的响应会潜在地影响微生物的代谢底物,进而影响微生物呼吸强度。凡影响土壤总呼吸的生物与非生物因子都会直接或间接地影响根呼吸与土壤微生物呼吸。

关键词: 高浓度CO₂, 土壤呼吸, 根际, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

Two main components of soil respiration, i.e., root/rhizosphere and microbial respirations, respond differently to elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations both in mechanism and sensitivity because they have different substrates, derived from plant and soil organic matter, respectively. To model the carbon cycle and predict carbon source/sink of forest ecosystems, we must first understand the relative contributions of root/rhizosphere and microbial respirations to total soil respiration under elevated CO₂ concentrations. Root/rhizosphere and soil microbial respirations have been shown to increase, decrease and remain unchanged under elevated CO₂ concentrations. A significantly positive relationship between root biomass and root/rhizosphere respiration has been found. Fine roots respond more strongly to elevated CO₂ concentrations than coarse roots. Evidence suggests that soil microbial respiration is highly variable and uncertain under elevated CO₂ concentrations. Microbial biomass and activity are related or unrelated to rates of microbial respiration. Because substrate availability drives microbial metabolism in soil, it is likely that much of the variability in microbial respiration resulted from differences in the response of root growth to elevated CO₂ and subsequent change in substrate production. Biotic and abiotic factors influencing soil respiration were found to affect both root/rhizosphere and microbial respirations.

Key words: elevated CO₂ concentrations, soil respiration, rhizosphere, soil microorganism

周玉梅, 韩士杰, 郑俊强, 辛丽花, 张海森. CO₂浓度升高对森林土壤微生物呼吸与根(际)呼吸的影响. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 386-393. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0047

ZHOU Yu-Mei, HAN Shi-Jie, ZHENG Jun-Qiang, XIN Li-Hua, ZHANG Hai-Sen. EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO₂ CONCENTRATIONS ON SOIL MICROBIAL RESPIRATION AND ROOT/RHIZOSPHERE RESPIRATION IN FOREST SOIL. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(3): 386-393. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0047

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I3/386

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参考文献 55

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物种 Species	土壤特征 Soil characteristics	CO₂浓度 CO₂ concentration (μmol·mol^-1)	处理时间 Time of treatment	根(际)呼吸 Root/rhizosphere respiration	微生物呼吸 Microbial respiration	实验方法 Experimental method	实验设施 Experimental facilities	文献来源 Reference
白蜡树 Fraxinus excelsior	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
无梗花栎 Quercus petraea	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
火炬松 P. taeda	淋溶土 Alfisol	+200	4年 Four years	降低 Decrease		离体测定 Detached measurement	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	George et al., 2003
火炬松 P. taeda	淋溶土 Alfisol	+200	1年 One year	增加 Increase		碳同位素示踪法Carbon isotope tracer	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	Andrews et al., 1999
火炬松 P. taeda	灭菌的河沙 Sterilized river sand	700	5个月 Five months	增加 Increase		培养法 Incubation	人工气候室内的温室Greenhouse in phytotron	Griffin et al., 1997
美国黄松 P. ponderosa	灭菌的河沙 Sterilized river sand	700	5个月 Five months	增加 Increase	降低 Decrease	培养法 Incubation	人工气候室内温室Greenhouse in phytotron	Griffin et al., 1997
欧洲赤松 P. sylvestris	沙质森林土 Sandy forest soil	700	6个月 Six months	增加 Increase		离体测定 Detached measurement	开顶箱 OTC	Janssens et al., 1998
欧洲赤松 P. sylvestris	沙质森林土 Sandy forest soil	700	6个月 Six months	增加 Increase		切断根法 Excised roots	开顶箱 OTC	Janssens et al., 1998
白杨Populus tremuloides 纸桦 Betula papyrifera 糖槭Acer saccharum	沙壤土 Sandy loam	560	3年 Three years		增加 Increase	碳同位素法 Carbon isotope	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	Phillips et al., 2002
7种热带 C₃植物 Seven tropical C₃ plants	森林土 Forest soil	610	530天 530 days		增加 Increase	底物诱导法 Substrate induction	温室 Greenhouse	Insam et al., 1999
北美枫香 Liquidambar styraciflua	薄层湿老成土 Aquic hapludult	+200	2年 Two years	增加 Increase		离体测定 Detached measurement	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	George et al., 2003
北美黄杉 Pseudotsuga menziesii	森林土 Forest soil	+200	2年 Two years	增加 Increase	降低 Decrease	双标稳定性同位素法 Dual stable isotope	控制环境箱 Controlled-environment chamber	Lin et al., 2001
糖槭 Acer saccharum	粉砂壤土 Silt loam	+300	3年 Three years	增加 Increase	无明显变化 No significant change	根排除法 Root-exclusion	开顶箱 OTC	Edwards & Norby, 1999
美国红枫 A. rubrum	粉砂壤土 Silt loam	+300	3年 Three years	增加 Increase	无明显变化 No significant change	根排除法 Root-exclusion	开顶箱 OTC	Edwards & Norby, 1999
山胡椒 Lindera benzoin	砂壤土 Sandy loam	700	6个生长季 Six growing seasons	增加/不变 Increase/No change	增加 Increase	离体测定 Detached measurement	封闭式八角形箱 Enclosed octagonal chamber	Ball et al., 2000

物种 Species	土壤特征 Soil characteristics	CO₂浓度 CO₂ concentration (μmol·mol^-1)	处理时间 Time of treatment	根(际)呼吸 Root/rhizosphere respiration	微生物呼吸 Microbial respiration	实验方法 Experimental method	实验设施 Experimental facilities	文献来源 Reference
白蜡树 Fraxinus excelsior	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
无梗花栎 Quercus petraea	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris	灰壤 Podsol	700	20个月 20 months	降低 Decrease		培养法 Incubation	开顶箱 OTC	Crookshanks et al., 1998
火炬松 P. taeda	淋溶土 Alfisol	+200	4年 Four years	降低 Decrease		离体测定 Detached measurement	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	George et al., 2003
火炬松 P. taeda	淋溶土 Alfisol	+200	1年 One year	增加 Increase		碳同位素示踪法Carbon isotope tracer	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	Andrews et al., 1999
火炬松 P. taeda	灭菌的河沙 Sterilized river sand	700	5个月 Five months	增加 Increase		培养法 Incubation	人工气候室内的温室Greenhouse in phytotron	Griffin et al., 1997
美国黄松 P. ponderosa	灭菌的河沙 Sterilized river sand	700	5个月 Five months	增加 Increase	降低 Decrease	培养法 Incubation	人工气候室内温室Greenhouse in phytotron	Griffin et al., 1997
欧洲赤松 P. sylvestris	沙质森林土 Sandy forest soil	700	6个月 Six months	增加 Increase		离体测定 Detached measurement	开顶箱 OTC	Janssens et al., 1998
欧洲赤松 P. sylvestris	沙质森林土 Sandy forest soil	700	6个月 Six months	增加 Increase		切断根法 Excised roots	开顶箱 OTC	Janssens et al., 1998
白杨Populus tremuloides 纸桦 Betula papyrifera 糖槭Acer saccharum	沙壤土 Sandy loam	560	3年 Three years		增加 Increase	碳同位素法 Carbon isotope	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	Phillips et al., 2002
7种热带 C₃植物 Seven tropical C₃ plants	森林土 Forest soil	610	530天 530 days		增加 Increase	底物诱导法 Substrate induction	温室 Greenhouse	Insam et al., 1999
北美枫香 Liquidambar styraciflua	薄层湿老成土 Aquic hapludult	+200	2年 Two years	增加 Increase		离体测定 Detached measurement	自由CO₂增加系统FACE	George et al., 2003
北美黄杉 Pseudotsuga menziesii	森林土 Forest soil	+200	2年 Two years	增加 Increase	降低 Decrease	双标稳定性同位素法 Dual stable isotope	控制环境箱 Controlled-environment chamber	Lin et al., 2001
糖槭 Acer saccharum	粉砂壤土 Silt loam	+300	3年 Three years	增加 Increase	无明显变化 No significant change	根排除法 Root-exclusion	开顶箱 OTC	Edwards & Norby, 1999
美国红枫 A. rubrum	粉砂壤土 Silt loam	+300	3年 Three years	增加 Increase	无明显变化 No significant change	根排除法 Root-exclusion	开顶箱 OTC	Edwards & Norby, 1999
山胡椒 Lindera benzoin	砂壤土 Sandy loam	700	6个生长季 Six growing seasons	增加/不变 Increase/No change	增加 Increase	离体测定 Detached measurement	封闭式八角形箱 Enclosed octagonal chamber	Ball et al., 2000

CO₂浓度升高对森林土壤微生物呼吸与根(际)呼吸的影响

EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO₂ CONCENTRATIONS ON SOIL MICROBIAL RESPIRATION AND ROOT/RHIZOSPHERE RESPIRATION IN FOREST SOIL

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