内蒙古锡林郭勒草原大针茅-克氏针茅群落的种间关联特征分析

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

内蒙古锡林郭勒草原处于我国典型草原分布区, 但部分地区有戈壁针茅(Stipa gobica)等荒漠成分侵入, 并与大针茅(S. grandis)和克氏针茅(S. krylovii)共同形成斑块状格局分布, 目前尚不清楚群落中优势种之间的相互作用关系。采用2 × 2列联表, 通过方差分析、Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析等研究方法, 对大针茅+克氏针茅群落的大针茅斑块、克氏针茅斑块和戈壁针茅斑块中的24种主要植物的种间联结动态进行了定量分析。结果表明: 1)群落主要成分总体上种间联结呈无关联, 种间关联松散; 2) 3种针茅斑块的种间关联分析, 验证了由于干扰、竞争、土壤环境与植物相互作用形成的斑块分布格局, 此结果为种对正、负关联理论提供了有力证据; 3) 同一种对的联结性质(正关联或负关联)或关联程度因斑块不同而发生改变, 根据24个优势种群对环境的适应方式和主导生态因素, 可将它们划分为3大生态种组。

关键词: 相关检验, 种间关联, 斑块格局, 针茅群落, 典型草原

Abstract:

Aims Xilin Gol steppe of Inner Mongolia is located in the typical steppe area in China, but some areas have been invaded by desert steppe species such as Stipa gobica, with which S. grandis and S. krylovii mixed to form three types of patches (Stipa grandis, S. krylovii and S. gobica) within the community. It is not known what kinds of relationships exist among the dominant species in the community. Our objective was to investigate how the dominant species in the three patches interact with each other and with other species.

Methods Field data were collected in August during 2007 to 2009 in the three different kinds of Stipa patches. Ten plots were set in each patch type and placed at random within the site, giving a total of 90 plots in three years. The 2 × 2 contingency table, variance ratio (VR) of the overall association, Pearson coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used in quantitative analysis of the interspecific associations among the 24 plant species in the three kinds of patches.

Important findings The overall inter-specific association among 24 plant species of the community showed no correlation, indicating that species association was weak. The distribution and formation patterns of patches, which were possibly due to interactions among interference, competition, soil environment and plant function, were verified by analyzing species correlation in the three kinds of Stipa patches. These results provide evidence for the theory of species association. We noted that the nature (positive or negative) or degree of association varied with different kinds of patches. According to their adaptability to the environment and relationships between plants and environment, the 24 species were divided into three ecological species groups.

Key words: Correlation coefficient test, inter-specific association, patches distribution, steppe community, typical steppe

刘珏宏, 高慧, 张丽红, 陈丽萍, 赵念席, 高玉葆. 内蒙古锡林郭勒草原大针茅-克氏针茅群落的种间关联特征分析. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(9): 1016-1024. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.002

LIU Jue-Hong, GAO Hui, ZHANG Li-Hong, CHEN Li-Ping, ZHAO Nian-Xi, GAO Yu-Bao. Comparative analysis of inter-specific association within the Stipa grandis-S. krylovii community in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(9): 1016-1024. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.002

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I9/1016

图/表 5

表1 斑块样地24种植物的编号和重要值

Table 1 Name, code and importance value of 24 species in the patch plots

编号 Code	物种 Species	平均重要值 Mean importance value (%)
1	银灰旋花 Convolvulus ammannii	16.89
2	猪毛菜 Salsola collina	15.48
3	大针茅 Stipa grandis	10.59
4	克氏针茅 Stipa krylovii	10.40
5	野韭 Allium ramosum	8.84
6	羊草 Leymus chinensis	6.86
7	戈壁针茅 Stipa gobica	5.53
8	双齿葱 Allium bidentatum	5.23
9	木地肤 Kochia prostrata	4.65
10	并头黄芩 Scutellaria scordlifloia	3.98
11	刺穗藜 Chenopodium aristatum	3.09
12	知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides	2.60
13	糙隐子草 Cleistogenes squarros	1.91
14	冰草 Agropyron cristatum	0.89
15	黄囊薹草 Carex korshinskyi	0.68
16	天门冬 Asparagus cochinchinensis	0.62
17	狭叶锦鸡儿 Caragana stenophyll	0.56
18	无芒隐子草 Cleistogenes songorica	0.44
19	细叶葱 Allium tenuissimum	0.29
20	乳白花黄芪 Astragalus galactites	0.12
21	细叶鸢尾 Iris tenuifolia	0.11
22	达乌里胡枝子 Lespedeza davurica	0.10
23	灰绿藜 Chenopodium glaucum	0.09
24	狗尾草 Setaria viridi	0.07

表2 不同针茅斑块植物种间的总体关联性

Table 2 The overall association for different Stipa patches

斑块类型 Type of patches	方差比率 Variance ratio	检验统计量 Statistic W	χ²临界值 [χ²_0.05,_N , χ²_0.95,_N]	结果 Results
大针茅斑块 S. grandis patches	0.971 4	29.141 9	(17.71, 42.56)	轻微负关联 Non negative correlation
克氏针茅斑块 S. krylovii patches	0.921 2	27.637 1	(17.71, 42.56)	轻微负关联 Non negative correlation
戈壁针茅斑块 S. gobica patches	1.022 3	30.670 0	(17.71, 42.56)	轻微正关联 Non positive correlation
总体 Total	1.070 2	96.313 6	(68.25, 111.02)	轻微正关联 Non positive correlation

图1 Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析半矩阵图。对角线上方为Spearman秩相关分析半矩阵图, 对角线下方为Pearson相关分半矩阵图。种序号同表1。 ★, 极显著负相关; ▼, 显著负相关; –, 不显著负相关; +, 不显著正相关; ◆, 极显著正相关; ▲, 显著正相关。

Fig. 1 The semi-matrix of Pearson’s correlation coefficients and Spearman’s rank correlation for 24 dominant species. The figures above diagonal line represent semi-matrix of Spearman’s rank correlation, that below diagonal line represent semi-matrix of Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Species code see Table 1. ★, Negative correlation at p = 0.01 (1-tailed); ▼, Negative correlation p = 0.05 (1-tailed); –, Non negative correlation; +, Non positive correlation; ◆, Positive correlation at p = 0.01 (1-tailed); ▲, Positive correlation at p = 0.05 (2-tailed).

图2 3个针茅斑块内种间关联Spearman秩相关分析半矩阵图。图注同图1。

Fig. 2 The semi-matrix of Spearman’s rank correlation for 24 dominant species in three Stipa patches. Notes see Fig. 1.

图3 3个针茅斑块中主要物种的Spearman秩相关系数星座图。 ………表示显著正关联(p < 0.05); —— 表示极显著正关联(p < 0.01); 种序号同表1。

Fig. 3 The constellation diagram of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients for dorminant species of three Stipa patches. ……… Positive correlation is significant at 0. 05 level; —— Positive correlation is significant at 0. 01 level; Species code see Table 1.

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