植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 408-417.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0289

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

放牧对草地生态系统服务和功能权衡关系的影响

汤永康1,2,武艳涛1,武魁3,郭之伟1,梁存柱1,*(),王敏杰1,常佩静2   

  1. 1. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021
    2. 阿拉善盟气象局, 内蒙古阿拉善 750300
    3. 内蒙古自治区锡林浩特国家气候观象台, 内蒙古锡林浩特 026000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-09 接受日期:2019-05-12 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 梁存柱
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500503);内蒙古自治区科技计划(20140409)

Changes in trade-offs of grassland ecosystem services and functions under different grazing intensities

TANG Yong-Kang1,2,WU Yan-Tao1,WU Kui3,GUO Zhi-Wei1,LIANG Cun-Zhu1,*(),WANG Min-Jie1,CHANG Pei-Jing2   

  1. 1. Faculty of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
    2. Alxa League Meteorological Bureau, Alxa, Nei Mongol 750300, China
    3. Xilinhot National Climate Observing Station, Xilinhot, Nei Mongol 026000, China
  • Received:2020-08-09 Accepted:2019-05-12 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-10-18
  • Contact: LIANG Cun-Zhu
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFC0500503);The Science and Technology Project of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(20140409)

摘要:

内蒙古草原是我国北方的重要生态屏障和绿色畜牧业基地, 放牧是草原生态系统的主要利用和管理方式, 在放牧管理中充分发挥生态系统某一项或几项服务和功能最大利用价值时, 往往会与其他服务(功能)发生冲突, 需要权衡多项生态系统服务和功能, 制定合理的放牧管理制度。该研究以内蒙古锡林郭勒典型草原为例, 通过设置不放牧、轻度放牧、中度放牧以及重度放牧的放牧梯度, 从多项生态系统服务和功能权衡的角度比较了最适放牧管理强度。结果显示, 在放牧管理的草地生态系统服务和功能的权衡中, 权衡、协同、不相关关系同时存在, 如土壤呼吸速率与植物群落净生长量、生物多样性与植物群落净光合速率表现为权衡关系, 植物群落净生长量分别与土壤含水量、植物群落净光合速率及草地蒸散速率存在协同关系, 土壤有机碳含量与其他服务或功能间呈不相关关系; 放牧能不同程度地削弱多项生态系统服务及功能间的权衡关系(冲突对立关系); 中度放牧条件下的多项生态系统服务及功能的协同性最佳。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 生态系统功能, 权衡分析, 典型草原, 放牧梯度

Abstract: Aims The Nei Mongol Steppe plays an important role for livestock production, and it has been one of the green ecological shelters for Northern China. Enhancing some ecosystem services (provisioning services) in managing the ecosystems may causes reductions of other services, such as regulating and supporting services. The knowledge on how grazing intensity influence the trade-offs is lacking. Methods In order to find out the optimized grazing regimes, we conducted an experiment on a typical steppe in Xinlin Gol with four grazing intensities (no grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing and heavy grazing) in the Nei Mongol Steppe. Important findings Our results showed that: synergetic, trade-offs and no relationships among different ecosystem services existed in all treatments on the managed steppe system. The trade-offs relationship was found between soil respiration rate and net plant biomass growth, and between biodiversity and net photosynthetic rate. However the synergetic relationships were observed between net plant biomass growth and soil water content, between net plant growth biomass and net photosynthetic rate, and also between grassland evapotranspiration rate and biodiversity. The results indicated soil organic carbon was not related to other ecosystem services and functions. Grazing could weaken the conflicts among the ecosystem services. Moderate grazing intensity maximumize ecosystem services and functions.

Key words: ecosystem service, ecosystem function, trade-off analysis, typical steppe, grazing intensity