2005-2015年下辽河平原农田长期观测样地主要农作物收获期性状和产量数据集

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

下辽河平原地区是辽宁重要的粮食产区, 辽宁沈阳农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(以下简称“沈阳站”)位于下辽河平原中心地带, 处于国际地圈生物圈计划(IGBP)东西向水分驱动因子和南北向热量驱动因子两条样带在我国境内的交叉区域。因此, 沈阳站的农田长期观测数据能很好地代表下辽河平原地区农田主要作物的性状, 在指导该区域农业生产方面有重要意义, 同时也为国家粮食安全提供数据参考。自1998年开始, 沈阳站建立了10个农田生态系统生物长期监测样地, 对作物生长动态、收获期性状和产量等生物指标, 以及土壤、水分、大气环境要素开展持续观测, 积累了大量连续观测数据。该数据集来源于沈阳站10个农田长期观测样地2005-2015年的作物收获期性状和产量连续观测数据, 由8个部分组成, 分别为轮作体系表、主要农药除草剂等使用情况表、农田灌溉制度表、水稻收获期植株性状表、玉米收获期植株性状表、大豆收获期植株性状表、作物收获期测产表和样地肥料投入情况工作表。台站的长期观测严格按照中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)观测规范实施, 从调查前的前期准备到调查的过程以及调查完成后的数据整理录入等, 实施全过程质量控制, 以确保数据相对准确可靠。该数据集提供的下辽河平原地区农田主要农作物收获期性状和产量数据, 可用于评估年际间产量波动, 为优化区域农业种植结构、实现区域主栽作物高产稳产提供科学指导与决策依据, 从而为国家的粮食安全提供强有力的保障。

数据库(集)基本信息简介

数据库(集)名称	2005-2015年下辽河平原农田长期观测样地主要农作物收获期性状和产量数据集
数据库(集)作者	樊月玲, 蒋正德, 叶佳舒, 郑立臣, 陈欣
数据库(集)通信作者	陈欣(chenxin@iae.ac.cn), 樊月玲(fanyl@iae.ac.cn)
数据时间范围	2005-2015
地理区域	辽宁沈阳农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(41.52° N, 123.37° E)
文件大小	642.00 kb
数据格式	.xlsx
数据链接	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0332-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688
数据库(集)组成	该数据集有1个文件，包含8个数据表: 农田复种指数与典型地块作物轮作体系, 共计107条数据记录; 农田主要作物农药、除草剂等投入情况, 共计397条数据记录; 农田灌溉制度, 共计183条数据记录; 水稻收获期植株性状, 共计99条数据记录; 玉米收获期植株性状, 共计325条数据记录; 大豆收获期植株性状, 共计60条数据记录; 作物收获期测产, 共计484条数据记录; 农田主要作物肥料投入情况, 共计432条数据记录

关键词: 作物产量, 收获期性状, 生物量, 长期定位观测, 水稻, 玉米, 大豆

Abstract:

The Lower Liaohe Plain is an important grain-producing area in Liaoning, and the Shenyang National Field Scientific Observatory of Agricultural Ecosystems in Liaoning (hereinafter referred to as the Shenyang Station) is located in the center of the Lower Liaohe Plain. It is situated at the crossroads of two sample zones: the East-West Moisture Driver and the North-South Heat Driver of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) in China. Therefore, the long-term observation data of farmland at Shenyang Station can represent the traits of the main crops in the Lower Liaohe Plain well. This is of great significance in guiding agricultural production in the region and also provides a data reference for national food security. Since 1998, the Shenyang Station has established 10 long-term biological monitoring sample plots in farmland ecosystems to carry out continuous observation of biological indicators such as crop growth dynamics, harvest traits and yields, as well as environmental elements including soil, water and atmosphere, thereby accumulating a large amount of continuous observation data. This dataset is derived from the continuous observation data on crop harvest traits and yields from 2005 to 2015 in 10 long-term farmland observation plots at Shenyang Station. It consists of eight parts: the table of crop rotation system, the table of major pesticides, herbicides and other uses, the table of farmland irrigation system, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of rice, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of corn, the table of plant traits at the harvest time of soybeans, the table of crop harvest traits and yield measurement, and the table of fertilizer inputs of the sample plots. The long-term observation of the station was carried out in strict accordance with the observation specifications of the China Ecosystem Research Network (CERN). Quality control was implemented throughout the entire process, from the preparation to the implementation of the survey, and the sorting and recording of the data after the survey, in order to ensure that the data were accurate and reliable. This data provides information on harvest-time traits and yield dynamics of major crops in farmland in the Lower Liaohe Plain, which can be used to assess inter-annual yield fluctuations and provide scientific guidance and a basis for decision-making for optimizing the regional agricultural planting structure and achieving high and stable yields of major crops in the region, so as to provide a strong guarantee for national food security.

Database/dataset profile

Data title	Dataset on harvest traits and yield of major crops in long-term farmland observation plots in the Lower Liaohe Plain, from 2005 to 2015
Data authors	FAN Yue-Ling, JIANG Zheng-De, YE Jia-Shu, ZHENG Li-Chen, CHEN Xin
Data corresponding authors	CHEN Xin (chenxin@iae.ac.cn), FAN Yue-Ling (fanyl@iae.ac.cn)
Data time range	2005-2015
Data geographic scope	National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of farmland ecosystem, Shenyang, Liaoning (41.52° N, 123.37° E)
Data volume	642.00 kb
Data format	.xlsx
Data links	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0332-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1688
Database/dataset composition	The dataset contains one file, including eight data sheets: multiple cropping index and crop rotation system in typical cropland table, comprising 107 data records; application situation of pesticide and herbicide in the main crops, with 397 data records; 3. irrigation situation in the main crops, containing 183 data records; plant traits of rice at harvest time, including 99 data records; 5. plant traits of maize at harvest time, totaling 325 data records; plant traits of soybean at harvest time, with 60 data records; 7. observation of crop yield at harvest time, encompassing 484 data records; fertilizer application situation in the main crops, consisting of 432 data records

Key words: crop yield, harvest time traits, biomass, long-term fixed-plots observation, rice, maize, soybean

樊月玲, 蒋正德, 叶佳舒, 郑立臣, 陈欣. 2005-2015年下辽河平原农田长期观测样地主要农作物收获期性状和产量数据集. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(8): 1271-1282. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

FAN Yue-Ling, JIANG Zheng-De, YE Jia-Shu, ZHENG Li-Chen, CHEN Xin. Dataset on harvest traits and yield of major crops in long-term farmland observation plots in the Lower Liaohe Plain from 2005 to 2015. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(8): 1271-1282. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0332

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I8/1271

图/表 13

参考文献 12

[1]	China Network Scientific Committee for Ecosystem Research (2007). Protocols for Standard Biological Observation and Measurement in Terrestrial Ecosystems. China Environmental Science Press, Beijing. 170-195.
	[中国生态系统研究网络科学委员会 (2007). 陆地生态系统生物观测规范. 中国环境科学出版社, 北京. 170-195.]
[2]	Fan XC (2024). Gray correlation analysis and countermeasures and suggestions on factors affecting grain yield in Jiangsu Province. South China Agriculture, 18(3), 14-17.
	[范心慈 (2024). 江苏省粮食产量影响因素的灰色关联分析及对策建议. 南方农业, 18(3), 14-17.]
[3]	Li YB, Hu M, Zhao ZG (2022). Discussion on the influence of agrometeorological disaster on crop yields. Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology, 12(5), 139-141.
	[李彦斌, 胡明, 赵志刚 (2022). 农业气象灾害对农作物产量的影响探讨. 农业灾害研究, 12(5), 139-141.]
[4]	Lian RP, Lan ZH, Shi JW (2023). Study on the influence of changing characteristics of agro-meteorological disasters on crop yields. Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology, 13(2), 142-144.
	[连瑞漂, 兰宗宏, 石金伟 (2023). 农业气象灾害变化特征对农作物产量的影响探究. 农业灾害研究, 13(2), 142-144.]
[5]	Liu XT, Tian YJ, Liu HW, Liang CY, Jiang SW, Liang WJ, Zhang XK (2022). Seasonal variation in cropland soil nematode community composition in the lower reaches of Liaohe Plain. Biodiversity Science, 30(12), 127-135.
	[刘笑彤, 田艺佳, 刘汉文, 梁翠影, 姜思维, 梁文举, 张晓珂 (2022). 下辽河平原农田土壤线虫群落组成的季节变化. 生物多样性, 30(12), 127-135.]
[6]	Mi N, Zhang YS, Cai F, Ji RP, Fang Y, Zhang SJ, Chen NN (2019). Effect of drought stress on maize phenology and yield components and its simulation. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 27, 1779-1788.
	[米娜, 张玉书, 蔡福, 纪瑞鹏, 方缘, 张淑杰, 陈妮娜 (2019). 干旱胁迫对玉米物候及产量组成的影响及模拟研究. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 27, 1779-1788.]
[7]	Miao LJ, Liu R, Zou YF, Yu Y (2023). A review of climate change in Huanghuaihai Plain and its impact on grain yield. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 57(1), 10-20.
	[缪丽娟, 刘冉, 邹扬锋, 余洋 (2023). 黄淮海平原气候变化及对粮食产量影响研究综述. 河南农业大学学报, 57(1), 10-20.]
[8]	Sun SY, Pei JB, Wang JK, Xu ZQ, Dai JG (2023). Cultivated quality evolution and obstacle factors diagnosis in the lower Liaohe River Plain. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 44(11), 92-102.
	[孙守延, 裴久渤, 汪景宽, 徐志强, 戴继光 (2023). 下辽河平原区耕地质量演变及障碍因素诊断. 中国农业资源与区划, 44(11), 92-102.]
[9]	Wang RY, Han YX, Liu HY, Zhang PL (2004). Diagnosis on influential factors of crop production in Gansu Province. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 22(2), 127-131.
	[王润元, 韩永翔, 刘宏谊, 张平兰 (2004). 甘肃省农作物产量主要影响因素诊断分析. 干旱地区农业研究, 22(2), 127-131.]
[10]	Wu DX, Wei WS, Song CY (2012). Quality Assurance and Quality Control of Data for Long-Term Biological Observation in Terrestrial Ecosystems. China Environmental Science Press, Beijing.
	[吴冬秀, 韦文珊, 宋创业 (2012). 陆地生态系统生物观测数据质量保证与质量控制. 中国环境科学出版社, 北京.]
[11]	Wu DX, Zhang L, Song CY, Zhang SM (2019). Protocols for Standard Biological Observation and Measurement in Terrestrial Ecosystems. China Environment Publishing Group, Beijing. 249-288.
	[吴冬秀, 张琳, 宋创业, 张淑敏 (2019). 陆地生态系统生物观测指标与规范. 中国环境出版集团, 北京. 249-288.]
[12]	Zhang L, Wu DX, Song CY, Yuan WY, Jia Y, Sang JW (2023). A dataset of long-term biological plot background and farming systems of CERN agricultural stations. China Scientific Data, 8(3), 1-9.
	[张琳, 吴冬秀, 宋创业, 袁伟影, 贾元, 桑佳文 (2023). CERN农田站生物长期样地背景和耕作制度本底数据集. 中国科学数据, 8(3), 1-9.]

样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	建立时间 Establishment time	地理位置 Location	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	试验设计 Experiment design
SYAZH01ABC_01	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 at Shenyang Station	1998	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZH01ABC_02	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地02 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 02 at Shenyang Station	2008	123.36° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场01长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 01 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	不施肥区 unfertilized area
SYAFZ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场02长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 02 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	化肥+秸秆 fertilizer + straw
SYAFZ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场03长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 03 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	缓释肥一次性施肥 One-time fertilization using slow-release fertilizer
SYAFZ04AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场04长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 04 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ05AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场05长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 05 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZQ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点01长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 01 long-term sampling site	2005	123.38° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆(2005-2009年), 玉米连作(2010年至今) Maize→maize→soybean (2005-2009), continuous cultivation of maize (since 2010)	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点02长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 02 long-term sampling site	2005	123.36° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点03长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 03 long-term sampling site	2005	123.41° E, 41.53° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization

样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	建立时间 Establishment time	地理位置 Location	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	试验设计 Experiment design
SYAZH01ABC_01	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 at Shenyang Station	1998	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZH01ABC_02	沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地02 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 02 at Shenyang Station	2008	123.36° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场01长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 01 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	不施肥区 unfertilized area
SYAFZ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场02长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 02 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	化肥+秸秆 fertilizer + straw
SYAFZ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场03长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 03 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean	缓释肥一次性施肥 One-time fertilization using slow-release fertilizer
SYAFZ04AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场04长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 04 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAFZ05AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物辅助观测场05长期采样地 Soil and biological auxiliary observation plot 05 long-term sampling site of Shenyang Station	2004	123.37° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	氮磷钾施肥 NPK fertilization
SYAZQ01AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点01长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 01 long-term sampling site	2005	123.38° E, 41.52° N	玉米→玉米→大豆(2005-2009年), 玉米连作(2010年至今) Maize→maize→soybean (2005-2009), continuous cultivation of maize (since 2010)	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ02AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点02长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 02 long-term sampling site	2005	123.36° E, 41.52° N	水稻连作 Continuous cultivation of rice	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization
SYAZQ03AB0_01	沈阳站土壤、生物站区调查点03长期采样地 Shenyang Station soil and biological survey plot 03 long-term sampling site	2005	123.41° E, 41.53° N	玉米连作 Continuous cultivation of maize	农民习惯施肥 Farmer accustomed fertilization

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Type of farming method		旱地 Dryland field
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分比 The percentage of total annual crop area harvested in cultivated land	%	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期 Planting sequence and field rotation cycle of different crops and planting patterns in the same plot		玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 The crop planted in the current year in the rotation system		春玉米 Spring maize

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Type of farming method		旱地 Dryland field
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分比 The percentage of total annual crop area harvested in cultivated land	%	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期 Planting sequence and field rotation cycle of different crops and planting patterns in the same plot		玉米→玉米→大豆 Maize→maize→soybean
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 The crop planted in the current year in the rotation system		春玉米 Spring maize

字段名称 Field name	字段说明 Field description	量纲 Dimension	实例 Example
年 Year	采样年份 Sampling year		2005
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一样地编码 CERN standardized plot code		SYAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	CERN统一样地名称 CERN standardized plot name		沈阳站水、土、生联合长期观测采样地01 Water, soil and biology combined long-term observation and sampling site 01 in Shenyang Station
样地类别 Plot type	CERN统一的样地类型 CERN standardized plot types		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体名称 Specific name of crop		春玉米 Spring maize
药剂类别 Agent type	药剂类别, 包括: 除草剂、杀虫剂、生长剂等 Class of agents, including: herbicides, insecticides, growth agents, etc.		除草剂 Herbicide
药剂名称 Agent name	施用药剂的全称 The full name of the agent applied		乙草胺 Acetochlor
主要有效成分 Main active ingredients	药剂主要有效成分及含量 The main active ingredients and their contents		乙草胺 20% Acetochlor 20%
施用时间 Application date	农药等实际施用日期 Actual application date of pesticides etc.	年-月-日 Year-month-day	2005-05-04
作物生育时期 Crop growth phase	施用时作物所处的物候期 The phenological stage in which the crop is applied		播种期 Sowing time
施用方式 Application way	药剂施用的方式 The manner in which the drug is administered		喷施 Spraying
施用量 Application amount	每公顷施农药、除草剂、生长剂等的重量 Weight of pesticides, herbicides, growth agents, etc. applied per hectare	g·hm^-2	3000.00